[Use of BRAF V600E mutation in the differential diagnosis of follicular and papillary tumors of the thyroid and for the optimization of thearpy].

A possibility of detection of BRAF mutation has been studied by means of polymerase chain reaction in punctate from the thyroid node with the aim of diagnostics of high-differentiated cancer on pre-operative stage. A study includes 94 patients with nodal lesions of the thyroid. According to cytological investigation of material, received by fine-needle aspiration biopsy, papillary thyroid cancer was revealed in 47 patients, follicular tumor-in 35 and nodal colloid goiter in 12 patients.

[Galectin-3 in diagnosis of thyroid cancer].

Fourty patients with thyroid nodules were examined. Benchmarking study of FNA results, histology reports and immunohistochemistry of Galectin-3 expression were performed. Galectin-3 is a highly sensitive oncomarker for papillary carcinoma of thyroid gland: sensitivity--100%, specificity--71%, diagnostic value--85%.

[Clinico-morphological peculiarities of thyroid cancer among children exposed to the Chernobyl disaster radiation].

The paper deals with a comparison of clinico-morphological patterns of sporadic thyroid cancer and that in pediatric patients exposed to radiation during the Chernobyl disaster. The latter are highly prone to both local and regional metastatic spread to the lymph nodes (intrathyroid distribution--61%; extension through capsule--42%, and metastases to the neck lymph nodes--66%). However, these data do not differ significantly from those for intact areas.

[Direct results of endovideosurgical transabdominal adrenalectomy].

Results of transabdominal adrenalectomy performed in 29 patients with different tumors of the adrenals were estimated. The lower traumaticity of the access due to using a new technology as well as taking prophylactic measures for lower aggressive influence of the pneumoperitoneum allowed performing combined operative interventions in 30% of cases and avoiding serious intra- and postoperative complications.