The determination of endogenous steroids in hair and fur: A systematic review of methodologies.

Background: Endogenous steroid hormone assessment is essential for clinical practice. These hormones are typically measured in blood. More recently, measurement of steroids in hair samples has been gaining in popularity, so we have reviewed the methodologies used for this to-date.

Case-control study of clotting differences using ROTEM testing in pregnant patients with early vaginal bleeding.

Background: Vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy is a common presentation in the Emergency Department (ED), often resulting in pregnancy loss. Hypercoagulability exceeding normal physiological changes may be associated with miscarriage, but conventional clotting tests do not reliably detect this effect. Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), which performs a more comprehensive clotting evaluation, may demonstrate coagulopathic abnormalities contributing to vaginal bleeding and miscarriage in early pregnancy that are not present in normal gestation.

Western diet exacerbates a murine model of Balkan nephropathy.

Aristolochic acid (AA) ingestion causes Balkan nephropathy, characterized by tubular injury and progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). AA is taken up by proximal tubule cells via organic anion transport and induces p21-mediated DNA damage response, but little is known about dietary modulating factors. Western diet (WD) is rich in saturated fats and sugars and can promote metabolic disorders and CKD progression.

CMS121, a Novel Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Age-Related Dementia.

Old age is the major risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, old age-related changes in brain physiology have generally not been taken into consideration in developing drug candidates for the treatment of AD. This is at least partly because the role of these age-related processes in the development and progression of AD are still not well understood.