Risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with congenital heart disease: a nationwide, register-based, case-control study.

Aims: Patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) have an increased risk of developing acquired cardiovascular diseases. However, the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with CHD is unknown. We aimed to investigate the incidence and risk of VTE in patients with CHD compared with matched controls without CHD.

H-Coil Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Relieves Pain and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Crossover Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effects of H-coil repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) primarily targeting the hand area of the primary motor cortex (M1) in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain. Given that the H-coil has a wider reach than conventional coils, there is a possibility that targeting the hand motor cortex also may stimulate prefrontal areas. Thus, we also aimed to examine whether rTMS with an M1 target could produce effects on psychologic outcomes.

A microfluidic in vitro method predicting the fate of peptide drugs after subcutaneous administration.

For many biopharmaceuticals, subcutaneous (sc) administration is the only viable route. However, there is no in vitro method available accurately predicting the absorption profiles of subcutaneously injected pharmaceuticals. In this work, we show that a recently developed microfluidics method for interaction studies (MIS) has the potential to be useful in this respect.

Quality by Design for Preclinical In Vitro Assay Development.

Quality by Design (QbD) is an approach to assay development to determine the design space, which is the range of assay variable settings that should result in satisfactory assay quality. Typically, QbD is applied in manufacturing, but it works just as well in the preclinical space. Through three examples, we illustrate the QbD approach with experimental design and associated data analysis to determine the design space for preclinical assays.

FRAP analysis of peptide diffusion in extracellular matrix mimetic hydrogels as an in vitro model for subcutaneous injection.

Subcutaneous (SC) injection is a common route of administration for drug compounds with poor oral bioavailability. However, bioavailability is often variable and incomplete, and there is as yet no standard accepted medium for simulation of the human SC environment. In this work we evaluate a FRAP based method for quantitative determination of local self-diffusion coefficients within extracellular matrix (ECM) mimetic hydrogels, potentially useful as in vitro models for drug transport in the ECM after SC injection.