Optimization of Oxygen Dynamics, UV-A Delivery, and Drug Formulation for Accelerated Epi-On Corneal Crosslinking.

: Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) through an intact epithelium (epi-on) at high irradiance could potentially improve patient comfort, visual recovery, and clinical workflow compared to conventional epi-off CXL. However, intact epithelium limits stromal delivery of the oxygen, photosensitizer, and ultraviolet-A (UV-A) radiation needed to drive CXL. This study evaluated three different epi-on CXL protocols compared to positive and negative controls, specifically focusing on the impact of supplemental oxygen.

Assembly and Application of a Three-Dimensional Human Corneal Tissue Model.

The cornea provides a functional barrier separating the outside environment from the intraocular environment, thereby protecting posterior segments of the eye from infection and damage. Pathological changes that compromise the structure or integrity of the cornea may occur as a result of injury or disease and can lead to debilitating effects on visual acuity. Over 10 million people worldwide are visually impaired or blind due to corneal opacity.

Modeling Diabetic Corneal Neuropathy in a 3D In Vitro Cornea System.

Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by innate or acquired insulin deficiency, resulting in altered glucose metabolism and high blood glucose levels. Chronic hyperglycemia is linked to development of several ocular pathologies affecting the anterior segment, including diabetic corneal neuropathy and keratopathy, neovascular glaucoma, edema, and cataracts leading to significant visual defects. Due to increasing disease prevalence, related medical care costs, and visual impairment resulting from diabetes, a need has arisen to devise alternative systems to study molecular mechanisms involved in disease onset and progression.

Validation of a Stability-Indicating Method for Methylseleno-L-Cysteine (L-SeMC).

Methylseleno-L-cysteine (L-SeMC) is a naturally occurring amino acid analogue used as a general dietary supplement and is being explored as a chemopreventive agent. As a known dietary supplement, L-SeMC is not regulated as a pharmaceutical and there is a paucity of analytical methods available. To address the lack of methodology, a stability-indicating method was developed and validated to evaluate L-SeMC as both the bulk drug and formulated drug product (400 µg Se/capsule).

The performance of incarcerated juveniles on the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool-Criminal Adjudication (MacCAT-CA).

The MacArthur Competency Assessment Tool-Criminal Adjudication (MacCAT-CA) is a structured interview that assesses abilities related to an individual's competency to stand trial (CST). In the present study, we examined the performance of 247 juvenile offenders on the scales of the MacCAT-CA (Understanding, Reasoning, and Appreciation), along with several other variables (age, IQ, achievement level, experience with the juvenile justice system, and a screen for psychopathology) that may be related to CST. In general, results suggest that performance on the MacCAT-CA varied with age, with younger participants performing significantly worse than older juveniles.