[Antibiotic resistance of shigellae and rationale for etiotropic therapy of Shigella infections].

The study was aimed at determining sensitivity of shigellae to antibacterial preparations and their clinical effectiveness for correcting recommendations on the empirical therapy of acute Shigella infections (ASI). The sensitivity of 164 S. flexneri strains and 80 S.

[Characteristics of immune response in acute intestinal enterobacterial infections].

Update literature on the problem of microorganism--host interactions with pathogenic enterobacteria as a model is reviewed. The activation of lymphoid cells and their protective role is shown to be due to the stimulating action of bacterial antigens. The role of cytokines and stimulation of their expression are discussed.

[Endotoxicosis in surgery].

The question of general toxemia as an important problem in acute surgery has first been raised. In addition to the infection component attention is called to the presence of a pathologic focus (diseased internal organ) which is the main cause of diffuse peritonitis. Attention is given to sepsis and basedowian goiter with the IV degree thyrotoxicosis followed by pronounced toxemia.

[Disputes on traumatic shock in clinical practice].

On the basis of an analysis of 80 experiments in animals and 200 observations of patients the author denies the leading significance of initial inhibition of the cortex in the development of shock. Along with reflex reactions the leading part is played by a direct injury of different organs and systems and autointoxication. Urgent resuscitation and purposeful anesthesia (ketamin, potassium hydroxybutyrate, viadryl with/without ganglion block) result in favourable operations in 60% of patients.