Sodium-fluorescein-guided awake surgery for cerebral metastases located in eloquent brain areas: technical notes and preliminary experiences.

Background/aim: Awake craniotomy (AC) maximizes the resection of lesions in eloquent brain areas while preserving functionality. Tumor delineation with intraoperative use of sodium fluorescein (NaFl) facilitates total resection. When used with AC, it may allow for safe resection without increasing the risk of postoperative neurologic deficits.

Targeting Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response for Blood-Brain Barrier Protection in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a major pathological change after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and is both the cause and result of oxidative stress and of the immune response post-ICH. These processes contribute to ICH-induced brain injury. After the breakdown of cerebral vessels, blood components, including erythrocytes and their metabolites, thrombin, and fibrinogen, can access the cerebral parenchyma through the compromised BBB, triggering oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades.

Long non-coding RNAs as a predictive markers of group 3 medulloblastomas.

ObjectiveThe appropriate treatments for the different molecular subgroups of medulloblastomas are challenging to determine. Hence, this study aimed to examine the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) to determine a marker that may be important for treatment selection in these subgroups.MethodsChanges in the expression of LncRNAs in the tissues of patients with medulloblastoma, which are classified into four subgroups according to their clinical characteristics and gene expression profiles, were examined via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Coexistence of TERT C228T mutation and MALAT1 dysregulation in primary glioblastoma: new prognostic and therapeutic targets.

: This study was designed to conduct molecular classification based on , and changes in pediatric and adult primary glioblastoma (GB) and to analyze the potential interaction of LncRNA MALAT1 in the determined homogeneous subgroups. We analyzed the expression profiles of and MALAT1 using the qRT-PCR method and and mutation status using DNA sequencing analysis in 85 primary pediatric and adult GB patients. mutation was observed in 5 (5.

Comparison of Clinical and Molecular Wnt and SHH Subgroups in Medulloblastoma Tumor Cases.

Aim: To determine the Wnt and SHH subtypes at the molecular level, and to compare them clinically by examining the changes in CTNNB1, AXIN, PTCH1, SMO, SUFU, and GLI1 mRNA expression in the medulloblastoma of a Turkish population determined according to patient selection criteria. In this context, the clinical distinction between Wnt and SHH groups are realized by considering the age, gender, survival time, location of the lesion, and radiological features of the patients.

Material And Methods: Molecular separation was performed by RT-PCR analysis of CTNNB1, AXIN, PTCH1, SMO, SUFU, and GLI1 mRNA expression changes.

Resection of a Lower Clival Meningioma via Posterolateral Approach: Two-Dimensional Operative Video.

 This study aimed to demonstrate resection of a craniovertebral junction (CVJ) meningioma via the posterolateral approach.  The study is designed with a two-dimensional operative video.  This study is conducted at department of neurosurgery in a university hospital.

Inhibition of PAR-2 Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Improves Short-Term Neurocognitive Functions Via ERK1/2 Signaling Following Asphyxia-Induced Cardiac Arrest in Rats.

Objective: Global cerebral ischemia-induced neuroinflammation causes neurofunctional impairment following cardiac arrest. Previous studies have demonstrated that the activation of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) contributes to neuroinflammation. In the present study, we aimed to determine the potential treatment effect of PAR-2 inhibition against neuroinflammation in the setting of asphyxial CA (ACA) in rats.

Effect of topical rifamycin application on epidural fibrosis in rats.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of topical rifamycin SV application on epidural fibrosis formation in a rat model.

Materials And Methods: Between March 2015 and April 2015, a total of 20 Wistar rats were equally and randomly divided into laminectomy only group (control group) and laminectomy and rifamycin SV group (treatment group). Laminectomy was performed between L3-L5 in all rats.

Mitoquinone attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption through Nrf2/PHB2/OPA1 pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.

Background And Purpose: Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the mechanism of early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Blood-brain barrier disruption is a devastating outcome in the early stage of SAH. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of a mitochondria-related drug Mitoquinone (MitoQ) in blood-brain barrier disruption after SAH in rats.

Targeting mast cell as a neuroprotective strategy.

: Mast cells (MCs) are perivascularly located immune cells of haematopoietic origin. Emerging evidences suggest that the activation of MCs play important roles in the pathogenesis of blood brain barrier disruption, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. : In this review, we aimed to discuss the detrimental effects of MCs in response to various types of brain injury, as well as the therapeutic potential and neuroprotective effects of targeting the activation and degranulation of MCs, particularly in the management of the acute phase.

Endovascular Treatment of Ruptured Tiny Intracranial Aneurysms with Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Device.

Background: Ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms (TIAs) have been challenging both for endovascular and neurosurgical interventions. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of low-profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS) device in the treatment of ruptured TIAs (rTIAs).

Material And Methods: Among 761 intracranial aneurysms which were treated either surgically or endovascularly, 32 rTIAs underwent stent-assisted coiling with LVIS device between 2014 and 2017.

Resection of middle petroclival meningioma via combined anterior transpetrosal and retrosigmoid approaches at two separate stages: 3D operative video.

Surgical access to the petroclival region poses a challenge to neurosurgeons. A wide range of approaches has been demonstrated in the past. In this video, the authors present a 69-year-old male patient who presented with 3-month history of worsening left-sided numbness.

Resection of complex occipital arteriovenous malformation with giant varix: demonstration of microsurgical technique.

The complexity of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) does not necessarily preclude surgical resection. In this video the authors present a 72-year-old male who was known to have an occipital AVM with a large draining varix for the previous 10 years. The patient had progressively worsening visual and cognitive deficits over several years.