A review of aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for analytical sample preparation: Classification according to the utilized nanomaterials.

Background: Sample extraction before detection is a critical step in analysis. Since targets of interest are often found in complex matrices, the sample can not be directly introduced to the analytical instrument. Nanomaterials with unique physical-chemical properties are excellent supports for use in sorbent-based extraction.

Fluid-based wearable sensors: a turning point in personalized healthcare.

Nowadays, it has become very popular to develop wearable devices that can monitor biomarkers to analyze the health status of the human body more comprehensively and accurately. Wearable sensors, specially designed for home care services, show great promise with their ease of use, especially during pandemic periods. Scientists have conducted many innovative studies on new wearable sensors that can noninvasively and simultaneously monitor biochemical indicators in body fluids for disease prediction, diagnosis, and management.

Lab-on-a-chip systems for cancer biomarker diagnosis.

Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) or micro total analysis system is one of the microfluidic technologies defined as the adaptation, miniaturization, integration, and automation of analytical laboratory procedures into a single instrument or "chip". In this article, we review developments over the past five years in the application of LOC biosensors for the detection of different types of cancer. Microfluidics encompasses chemistry and biotechnology skills and has revolutionized healthcare diagnosis.

An ultrasensitive and disposable electrochemical aptasensor for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection in real serum samples.

In this study, we constructed a disposable indium tin oxide polyethylene terephthalate film (ITO-PET)-based electrochemical aptasensor for analyzing prostate-specific antigen (PSA), one of the most important biomarkers of prostate cancer. Because of their clinical importance, building PSA biosensing systems with high sensitivity and stability is essential. However, it still presents significant difficulties, such as low detection limits.

Biosensing strategies for diagnosis of prostate specific antigen.

Almost from the time of its discovery, the prostate specific antigen (PSA) has been one of the most accurate and most extensively studied indicators of prostate cancer (PC). Because of advancements in biosensing systems and technology, PSA analysis methods have been substantially updated and enhanced as compared to their first instances. With the development of techniques in biosensor technology, the number of PSA biosensors that can be used in the biomedical sector is increasing year by year.

Metal Bioaccumulation in the Gill, Liver, and Muscle of Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) From the Northeastern Mediterranean and Human Health Risk Assessment Associated with Their Seasonal Consumption.

Heavy metals are continuously released into the oceans from both natural and anthropogenic sources. They are serious threats to both ecosystem and human health because of their toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification. We present metal concentrations in the economically important bluefish from Iskenderun Bay, providing valuable information on Northeastern Mediterranean aquatic ecosystem health, as well as the human health risk.

Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) Aptamer targeting SipA protein inhibits Salmonella Enteritidis invasion of intestinal epithelial cells.

Salmonella Enteritidis is an important pathogen that can invade the intestinal cells of its host causing salmonellosis. SipA protein, an effector protein secreted by T3SS, maintains invasion of host cells more efficient. Thus, inhibitory aptamers against SipA protein were developed using magnetic bead-based Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) method.

MerR-fluorescent protein chimera biosensor for fast and sensitive detection of Hg in drinking water.

Mercury ion (Hg ) is a universal pollutant and its detection is crucial for public healthcare. In this study, we developed a novel fluorescent biosensor by construction of a protein fusion between the mercury-sensing transcription factor MerR and enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP). Hg -induced conformational change of MerR was transduced into fluorescence signal.

The effect of Hydrodistension in combination with Pentosan Polysulfate on treatment outcomes and compliance in the treatment of bladder pain syndrome.

Objective: In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of bladder hydrodistension combined with pentosan polysulfate (PPS) treatment in interstitial cystitis (IC)/bladder pain syndrome (BPS).

Methods: In this study, 339 patients diagnosed with IC/BPS were categorized into two groups. The first group only received 300 mg/day PPS, while the second group received 300 mg/day PPS following bladder hydrodistension.

A highly sensitive DNA aptamer-based fluorescence assay for sarcosine detection down to picomolar levels.

Sarcosine is an amino acid derivative, which is considered as a key metabolite in various metabolic processes. Therefore, simple and sensitive detection methods are needed for further understanding its metabolic role and diagnostic value. In this study, we developed a novel method that meets the need for practical and sensitive detection in a complex medium mimicking urine conditions.

Analysis of recurrent urethral strictures due to iatrogenic urethral trauma.

Background/aim: We aimed to analyze the effects of stricture location, etiology, age, and catheterization time on recurrence rate and recurrence time in patients who underwent direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) for urethral strictures. Materials and methods: Patients were divided into three groups according to the location of the stricture: penile urethra, membranous urethra, and prostatic urethra strictures. Patients were also divided into three groups according to etiologic factors: strictures secondary to endoscopic procedures, urethral catheterization, and open or radical prostatectomy (anastomotic strictures were included in this group).

Epidemiology and impact of urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and other lower urinary tract symptoms: results of the EPIC survey in Russia, Czech Republic, and Turkey.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI), overactive bladder (OAB), and other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in the Czech Republic, Russia, and Turkey.

Methods: Stage one of this population-based survey consisted of computer-assisted telephone interviews to obtain prevalence estimates of storage, voiding, and post-micturition LUTS. Stage two face-to-face interviews evaluated subjects with mixed urinary incontinence (MUI), stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or OAB (case group) and a control group (subjects with other incontinence or LUTS complaints, or no symptoms).

Development of genetically encoded fluorescent protein constructs of hyperthermophilic maltose-binding protein.

Circularly permuted green fluorescent protein (cGFP) was inserted into the hyperthermophilic maltose binding protein at two different locations. cGFP was inserted between amino acid residues 206 and 207, or fused to the N-terminal of maltose binding protein from Thermotoga maritima. The cloned DNA constructs were expressed in Escherichia coli cells, and purified by metal chelate affinity chromatography.

Development of a novel fluorescent protein construct by genetically fusing green fluorescent protein to the N-terminal of aspartate dehydrogenase.

We developed a fluorescent protein construct by genetically fusing green fluorescent protein (GFP) to aspartate dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima. The fusion protein was cloned, heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli cells, and purified by Ni-chelate affinity chromatography. It was then introduced into a measurement cuvette to monitor its fluorescence signal.

Management of lower urinary tract dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and Turkish consensus report.

Aims: Since lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) related to multiple sclerosis (MS) has a different behavior pattern than other types of neurogenic voiding dysfunction, we aimed to prepare a national consensus report for the management of LUTD due to multiple sclerosis in light of available literature.

Methods: A search of available databases yielded an evidence base of 125 articles after the application of inclusion/exclusion criteria. When sufficient evidence existed, recommendations A (high), B (moderate), or C (low) were made according to the strength of evidence; recommendation D was provided when insufficient evidence existed.

The effect of testosterone treatment on urodynamic findings and histopathomorphology of pelvic floor muscles in female rats with experimentally induced stress urinary incontinence.

Objective: In recent studies, it has been observed that androgen receptors are densely located in pelvic floor muscles. We aimed to investigate the effect of testosterone on urodynamic findings and histopathomorphology of pelvic floor muscles in rats with experimentally induced stress urinary incontinence.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight adult female rats were randomized into four groups.

Comparative results of shockwave lithotripsy for renal calculi in upper, middle, and lower calices.

Background And Purpose: To assess the results of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) for renal calculi in upper, middle, and lower calices according to the stone burden.

Patient And Methods: A series of 52 female and 66 male patients with a mean age of 47.8 years and isolated single caliceal stones who underwent SWL monotherapy were enrolled.

Comparison of tear function tests and impression cytology with the ocular findings in acne rosacea.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between tear function tests and impression cytology results and the clinical findings in ocular rosacea.

Methods: Patients with a histopathologic and clinical diagnosis of acne rosacea were studied. Ocular examination consisted of best-corrected visual acuity measurement, slitlamp examination, tear break-up time (BUT), basal Schirmer test, and rose Bengal staining.

Leydig cell tumor of the testis: comparison of histopathological and immunohistochemical features of three azoospermic cases and one malignant case.

Leydig cell tumors of the testis are rare, mostly presenting as a testicular mass or as endocrinological symptoms. Here, three patients who were admitted for investigation of primary infertility and one patient presenting with a testicular mass are reported. The histological features were reviewed and an immunohistochemical study was done using a panel of antibodies against cytokeratin, vimentin, inhibin A, S-100, Ki-67, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, p53, bcl-2, and c-erbB2.

Intracavernosal adrenalin injection in priapism.

Prolonged erection is a rare problem in urology but it must be treated effectively. The most common etiological factor is intracavernosal vasoactive agent injection for diagnosis or treatment of erectile dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intracavernosal adrenalin injection alone in the treatment of priapism.

Doxazosin: a new cytotoxic agent for prostate cancer?

Objective: To determine the sensitivity of drug-resistant prostate cancer cell lines to doxazosin-mediated cell death, and the effects of combining doxazosin and chemotherapeutic agents on these cell lines. Materials and methods The cytotoxic effect of doxazosin was initially evaluated in the prostate carcinoma cell lines DU145 and PC-3. Doxazosin was combined either with adriamycin, etoposide or paclitaxel after its cytotoxic effects were detected in these cell lines.

Results of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the pediatric age group.

Objective: In this study we aimed to show the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for urinary stone disease in the pediatric age group and to evaluate the complications encountered after the treatment.

Methods: 67 children with 109 stones underwent ESWL, using a Dornier MPL 9000 lithotriptor. Styrofoam boards were used to protect the lungs.

The role of ESWL in the treatment of calculi with anomalous kidneys.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in renal anomalies.

Material And Methods: From 1991 to May 1995. 53 patients with calculi in anomalous kidneys presented to our clinic for treatment with ESWL.

Patient-controlled sedation and analgesia during SWL.

Sixty unpremedicated outpatients undergoing elective extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) using a Dornier MPL 9000 lithotripter were randomly assigned to receive either propofol-alfentanil (PA group; N = 30) or midazolam-alfentanil (MA group; N = 30) by a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) device for sedation and analgesia. Although pain intensity scores were lower after 20 minutes and sedation was more pronounced in the MA group, both drug regimens produced satisfactory sedation and analgesia and allowed the maximum number of shockwaves to be given. Alfentanil consumption was less in the MA group (P < 0.