Progesterone treatment reduces neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and brain damage and improves long-term outcomes in a rat model of repeated mild traumatic brain injury.

Background: Repeated mild traumatic brain injuries, such as concussions, may result in cumulative brain damage, neurodegeneration and other chronic neurological impairments. There are currently no clinically available treatment options known to prevent these consequences. However, growing evidence implicates neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of repetitive mild brain injuries; thus, these may represent potential therapeutic targets.

Heart rate variability improvement in children using transcatheter atrial septal defect closure.

Objective: We evaluated autonomic behavior by examining heart rate variability (HRV) in the time domain and frequency domain in pediatric patients who underwent transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect (ASD).

Methods: A prospective study design was used. Holter ECG was performed in a control group of 30 healthy subjects and a group of 47 patients who underwent transcatheter ASD closure.

The effect of intravenous iloprost on pulmonary artery hypertension after paediatric congenital heart surgery.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of intravenous iloprost on pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in infants undergoing congenital heart surgery.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized study, the study group (n = 15) received a continuous infusion of iloprost (2.0 ng/kg/min) that was delivered immediately after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass and continued for 72 h postoperatively.

The prognostic significance of preoperative leukocytosis and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Introduction: We evaluated the prognostic effects of hematologic parameters of preoperative leukocytosis and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 363 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between January 1990 and June 2013. In total, 286 patients were included in the study.

Comparison of five different popular scoring systems to predict nonsentinel lymph node status in patients with metastatic sentinel lymph nodes: a tertiary care center experience.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the current standard of care for breast cancers with no clinically palpable axillary lymph nodes. Almost 50 % of sentinel lymph node positive patients have negative non-sentinel nodes and undergo non-therapeutic axillary dissection. Five different scoring systems, reported in the literature, were compared for their predictive ability of non-SLN involvement in patients with SLN positive breast cancer.

Evaluation of Permanent or Transient Complete Heart Block after Open Heart Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: The features of pediatric patients with postoperative transient and permanent complete atrioventricular (AV) block (CAVB) were compared.

Methods: Patients who developed CAVB in postoperative period after congenital cardiac surgery between 2010-2015 were included in the study. They were classified as patients with transient CAVB and with permanent CAVB.

Noncompaction of Ventricular Myocardium Involving the Right Ventricle.

Noncompaction ventricular myocardium is an unusual cause of cardiomyopathy. It is association with congenital heart defects, most often with outflow obstructive lesions or coronary anomalies. However, no factor could explain the arrest of development of myocardial structure (isolated form).

Evaluation of gunshot wounds in the emergency department.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate injury patterns of patients admitted to the emergency department with gunshot wounds, results of imaging studies, treatment modalities, outcomes, mortality ratios, and complications.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out including a total number of one hundred and forty-two patients admitted to Hacettepe University Emergency Department with gunshot injuries between January 1, 1999 and December 31, 2013. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), and the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) probability of survival for penetrating trauma were calculated for all patients.

Mammographic and Ultrasonographic Findings of Different Breast Adenosis Lesions.

To describe imaging features of different breast adenosis lesions. Mammographic and ultrasonographic findings of patients with different types of adenosis were reviewed retrospectively Tissue samples were obtained either with US-guided core needle biopsy or localization with needle-wire system and surgical excision. Forty-three adenosis lesions were diagnosed in 41 patients: 27 sclerosing adenosis, 13 blunt duct adenosis and 3 microglandular adenosis.

Cross-sectional area measurement of the coronary arteries using CT angiography at the level of the bifurcation: is there a relationship?

Purpose: Our aim was to determine whether there is a correlation between cross-sectional areas of the left main coronary artery (LMCA), left anterior descending artery (LAD), and circumflex artery (CX) in normal cases using coronary CT angiography.

Method: Examinations of 180 patients (119 men and 61 women) were selected among 2248 consecutive coronary CT angiography studies. Cross-sectional areas of LMCA, LAD, and CX were measured at the level of bifurcation.

The influence of airway supporting maneuvers on glottis view in pediatric fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Introduction: Flexible fiber optic bronchoscopy is a valuable intervention for evaluation and management of respiratory diseases in both infants, pediatric and adult patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the airway supporting maneuvers on glottis view during pediatric flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized, controlled, crossover study; patients aged between 0 and 15 years who underwent flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedure having American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II risk score were included.

Is stoma care effective in terms of morbidity in complicated ileostomies?

Background: Performing transient or permanent ileostomy is one of the common procedures involved in colorectal surgery. Complication rates up to 40% have been reported in ileostomies. In this report, the effect of specific stoma care unit on ileostomy and its complications were investigated.

Impact of Coronary Artery Anatomy in Arterial Switch Procedure on Early Mortality and Morbidity.

Objective: Arterial switch operation has become the treatment of choice for neonates with transposition of the great arteries. The most important step of the procedure is transferring the coronary arteries to the neoaorta successfully. This study shows the impact of coronary anatomy on early mortality and morbidity after arterial switch operation.

[The influence of airway supporting maneuvers on glottis view in pediatric fiberoptic bronchoscopy].

Introduction: Flexible fiber optic bronchoscopy is a valuable intervention for evaluation and management of respiratory diseases in both infants, pediatric and adult patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the airway supporting maneuvers on glottis view during pediatric flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized, controlled, crossover study; patients aged between 0 and 15 years who underwent flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedure having American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II risk score were included.

Efficacy of wound infiltration with lornoxicam for postoperative analgesia following thyroidectomy: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study.

Background/aim: Postoperative pain control constitutes a major problem and studies have focused on reducing opioid requirements using regional techniques. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of wound infiltration with lornoxicam on postoperative pain control following thyroidectomy.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective, randomized-controlled study, 80 patients scheduled for thyroidectomy were randomly assigned to 2 groups.

A low cost training phantom model for radio-guided localization techniques in occult breast lesions.

Radio-guided localization (RGL) for identifying occult breast lesions has been widely accepted as an alternative technique to other localization methods, including those using wire guidance. An appropriate phantom model would be an invaluable tool for practitioners interested in learning the technique of RGL prior to clinical application. The aim of this study was to devise an inexpensive and reproducible training phantom model for RGL.