Simplifying complexity: the novel degradation index for urban stream landscapes-case of Tekirdag.

This study aims to examine the degradation process of urban stream landscapes in Tekirdağ by utilizing a newly developed degradation index (DI) that effectively defines degradation. The DI considers the vital factors that affect urban stream landscapes, making it possible to determine the level of degradation and resulting environmental quality. This index aims to provide valuable insight into the degradation of urban stream landscapes with a minimal amount of independent variables and training samples.

Comparison of the Cone Beam Computed Tomography-Based Analysis of the Masseter Muscle Between Epilepsy Patients and Healthy Subjects.

It is important to investigate the changes in the masseter muscle, one of the chewing muscles, in epilepsy patients and to determine whether epilepsy can be effectively predicted on muscle. The aim of this study is to measure masseter muscle thickness, circumference and cross-sectional area in individuals with epilepsy and healthy individuals. This study was performed with 128 individuals (64 epilepsy patients and 64 healthy subjects) aged between 18 to 59 years.

Temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles morphometry and morphology in healthy subjects and individuals with temporomandibular dysfunction: An anatomical, radiological, and machine learning application study.

The study aimed to compare the morphometric and morphologic analyses of the bone structures of temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles on Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 62 healthy subjects and 33 subjects with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMDS) aged between 18 and 56 years. In addition, a machine learning (ML) pipeline involving the Random Forest classifier was used to automatically detect TMDS. Thirty parameters (including age and gender) associated with the condylar process, articular tubercle, mandibular fossa, ramus mandible, joint space, and masticatory muscles were examined using CBCT.

European farmhouse brewing yeasts form a distinct genetic group.

The brewing industry is constantly evolving, driven by the quest for novel flavours and fermentation characteristics that cater to evolving consumer preferences. This study explores the genetic and phenotypic diversity of European farmhouse yeasts, traditionally used in rural brewing practices and maintained outside of pure culture industrial yeast selection. We isolated landrace brewing yeast strains from diverse geographical locations across Europe, including Norway, Lithuania, Latvia, and Russia, and also included African farmhouse brewing strains from Ghana.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Publications on Cadavers: A Study Based on Web of Science Data From 1978 to 2023.

This study aimed to investigate the significance of publications examining the effectiveness of cadaver studies in the field of medicine with the method of bibliometric analysis, which emerged in the 1950s, offers the opportunity to conduct a detailed analysis of a specific subject, just like a systematic literature review or meta-analysis. Also, it aimed to enlighten the content of cadaver studies in the last half-century and to present a perspective for the future. In the study, an advanced search was conducted on the Web of Science Core Collection database on August 1, 2023, using the keywords "cadaver," "cadaver study," "cadaveric dissection.

Very high-energy electron therapy as light-particle alternative to transmission proton FLASH therapy - An evaluation of dosimetric performances.

Purpose: Clinical translation of FLASH-radiotherapy (RT) to deep-seated tumours is still a technological challenge. One proposed solution consists of using ultra-high dose rate transmission proton (TP) beams of about 200-250 MeV to irradiate the tumour with the flat entrance of the proton depth-dose profile. This work evaluates the dosimetric performance of very high-energy electron (VHEE)-based RT (50-250 MeV) as a potential alternative to TP-based RT for the clinical transfer of the FLASH effect.

Low-Dose Radiation Yields Lower Rates of Pathologic Response in Esophageal Cancer Patients.

Background: Although neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) followed by surgery is standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (E/GEJ) cancer, the optimal radiation dose is still under debate.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of different preoperative radiation doses (41.4 Gy, 45 Gy or 50.

3D-conformal very-high energy electron therapy as candidate modality for FLASH-RT: A treatment planning study for glioblastoma and lung cancer.

Background: Pre-clinical ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) electron irradiations on time scales of 100 ms have demonstrated a remarkable sparing of brain and lung tissues while retaining tumor efficacy when compared to conventional dose rate irradiations. While clinically-used gantries and intensity modulation techniques are too slow to match such time scales, novel very-high energy electron (VHEE, 50-250 MeV) radiotherapy (RT) devices using 3D-conformed broad VHEE beams are designed to deliver UHDR treatments that fulfill these timing requirements.

Purpose: To assess the dosimetric plan quality obtained using VHEE-based 3D-conformal RT (3D-CRT) for treatments of glioblastoma and lung cancer patients and compare the resulting treatment plans to those delivered by standard-of-care intensity modulated photon RT (IMRT) techniques.

[Transcriptional Analysis of the Gene Encoding the Putative Myristoylated Membrane Protein (ORF458R) of Invertebrate Iridescent Virus 6 (IIV6)].

Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 (IIV6) is a member of the genus Iridovirus and belongs to the Iridoviridae family. The entirely sequenced dsDNA genome, composed of 212.482 bp, encodes 215 putative open reading frames (ORFs).

Effect of Conventional and Ultrahigh Dose Rate FLASH Irradiations on Preclinical Tumor Models: A Systematic Analysis.

Purpose: Compared with conventional dose rate irradiation (CONV), ultrahigh dose rate irradiation (UHDR) has shown superior normal tissue sparing. However, a clinically relevant widening of the therapeutic window by UHDR, termed "FLASH effect," also depends on the tumor toxicity obtained by UHDR. Based on a combined analysis of published literature, the current study examined the hypothesis of tumor isoefficacy for UHDR versus CONV and aimed to identify potential knowledge gaps to inspire future in vivo studies.

Identification of the potential matrix protein of invertebrate iridescent virus 6 (IIV6).

Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 (IIV6) is a nucleocytoplasmic virus with a ∼212 kb linear dsDNA genome that encodes 215 putative open reading frames (ORFs). Proteomic analysis has revealed that the IIV6 virion consists of 54 virally encoded proteins. Interactions among the structural proteins were investigated using the yeast two-hybrid system, revealing that the protein of 415R ORF interacts reciprocally with the potential envelope protein 118L and the major capsid protein 274L.

VoiceS: voice quality after transoral CO laser surgery versus single vocal cord irradiation for unilateral stage 0 and I glottic larynx cancer-a randomized phase III trial.

Background: Surgery and radiotherapy are well-established standards of care for unilateral stage 0 and I early-stage glottic cancer (ESGC). Based on comparative studies and meta-analyses, functional and oncological outcomes after both treatment modalities are similar. Historically, radiotherapy (RT) has been performed by irradiation of the whole larynx.

Lung stereotactic radiation therapy: Intercomparison of irradiation devices in terms of outcome and predictive factors.

Purpose: To compare three different radiotherapy devices able to perform pulmonary stereotactic radiotherapy: CyberKnife® (CK), Helical Tomotherapy® (HT), and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). This study aims to define the patients' outcome in terms of SBRT efficacy and toxicities depending of the device choice.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, radiological, and dosimetric data of patients treated with lung SBRT between 2016 and 2020 at Lausanne University Hospital, using the Chi test for proportions, the t-test for means comparisons, the Kaplan-Meier method for survival, and the Log-rank test and Cox-regression for intergroups comparisons.

Normal Tissue Sparing by FLASH as a Function of Single-Fraction Dose: A Quantitative Analysis.

Purpose: The FLASH effect designates normal tissue sparing by ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) compared with conventional dose rate irradiation without compromising tumor control. Understanding the magnitude of this effect and its dependency on dose are essential requirements for an optimized clinical translation of FLASH radiation therapy. In this context, we evaluated available experimental data on the magnitudes of normal tissue sparing provided by the FLASH effect as a function of dose, and followed a phenomenological data-driven approach for its parameterization.

Kveik Brewing Yeasts Demonstrate Wide Flexibility in Beer Fermentation Temperature Tolerance and Exhibit Enhanced Trehalose Accumulation.

Traditional Norwegian Farmhouse ale yeasts, also known as kveik, have captured the attention of the brewing community in recent years. Kveik were recently reported as fast fermenting thermo- and ethanol tolerant yeasts with the capacity to produce a variety of interesting flavor metabolites. They are a genetically distinct group of domesticated beer yeasts of admixed origin with one parent from the "Beer 1" clade and the other unknown.

Fiducial markers for stereotactic lung radiation therapy: review of the transthoracic, endovascular and endobronchial approaches.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy is an alternative to surgery for early-stage, inoperable peripheral non-small cell lung cancer. As opposed to linear accelerator (linac)-based ( gating) and free-breathing techniques, CyberKnife® with Synchrony® technology allows accurate radiation delivery by means of a real-time respiratory motion tracking system using, in most cases, metal fiducial markers (FMs) placed in the vicinity of the target. The aims of this review are as follows.

Agricultural land suitability assessment for agricultural productivity based on GIS modeling and multi-criteria decision analysis: the case of Tekirdağ province.

Grains play a significant role in meeting the nutritional needs of the increasing world population. Consequently, the need for new studies on agricultural production and land suitability assessments has increased. The present paper aims to perform agricultural land suitability assessment to evaluate agricultural productivity in Tekirdağ province to determine precise productive agricultural areas.

[Management of abdominal soft tissue sarcomas].

Sarcomas are rare tumors divided into two categories: soft tissue sarcomas and bone sarcomas. A soft tissue mass measuring more than 5 cm, deep, growing, atypical or symptomatic should be investigated further and referred to a specialized center. A percutaneous image-guided biopsy should always be performed in suspicious cases.

Exploration of clinical preferences in treatment planning of radiotherapy for prostate cancer using Pareto fronts and clinical grading analysis.

Introduction: Radiotherapy treatment planning is a multi-criteria problem. Any optimization of the process produces a set of mathematically optimal solutions. These optimal plans are considered mathematically equal, but they differ in terms of the trade-offs involved.

Endobronchial coil spring fiducial markers for CyberKnife® stereotactic body radiation therapy.

Background And Objective: SBRT is an alternative treatment for early-stage inoperable lung cancer. Metallic FM allow to increase tumour tracking precision by CyberKnife®. Currently used techniques for FM placement have many limitations; transthoracic insertion has a high risk for pneumothorax, endovascular insertion requires expertise and dedicated angiography infrastructure and endobronchial linear-gold FM dislocate frequently.

Vertebral compression fracture during stereotactic body radiotherapy for spinal metastasis: A rare case of tracking failure.

Spinal metastasis are a daily challenge in clinical practice. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) allows delivery of definitive treatment with excellent long-term control rates. Its implementation needs dedicated devices and day-to-day image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT).