Activity of prefrontal cortex serotonin 2A receptor expressing neurons is necessary for the head-twitch response of mice to psychedelic drug DOI in a sex-dependent manner.

Serotonin 2A receptors (5-HT Rs) mediate the effects of psychedelic drugs. 5-HT R agonists, such as (-)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride (DOI), that produce a psychedelic experience in humans induce a head-twitch response (HTR) behavior in rodents. However, it is unknown whether the activity of 5-HT R expressing neurons is sufficient to produce the HTR in the absence of an agonist, or in which brain region 5-HT Rs control the HTR.

Data on electroconvulsive seizure in mice, effects of anesthesia on immediate early gene expression.

Although electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective treatments for severe mood and psychotic disorders, the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain unknown. Electroconvulsive stimulation (ECS), the animal model for ECT, can be used to investigate the potential therapeutic mechanisms of ECT in rodents. ECS produces numerous effects in the brain, such as increasing levels of growth factors, inducing dendritic sprouting, and stimulating neurogenesis.

Serial electroconvulsive Seizure alters dendritic complexity and promotes cellular proliferation in the mouse dentate gyrus; a role for Egr3.

Background: Despite being one of the safest, most effective treatments for severe mood disorders, the therapeutic mechanisms of electroconvulsive therapy remain unknown. Electroconvulsive seizure (ECS) induces rapid, high-level expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), in addition to stimulation of neurogenesis and dendritic remodeling of dentate gyrus (DG) neurons. We have previously shown that this upregulation of BDNF fails to occur in the hippocampus of mice lacking the IEG Egr3.

Identification of activity-induced Egr3-dependent genes reveals genes associated with DNA damage response and schizophrenia.

Bioinformatics and network studies have identified the immediate early gene transcription factor early growth response 3 (EGR3) as a master regulator of genes differentially expressed in the brains of patients with neuropsychiatric illnesses ranging from schizophrenia and bipolar disorder to Alzheimer's disease. However, few studies have identified and validated Egr3-dependent genes in the mammalian brain. We have previously shown that Egr3 is required for stress-responsive behavior, memory, and hippocampal long-term depression in mice.

Acute sleep deprivation upregulates serotonin 2A receptors in the frontal cortex of mice via the immediate early gene Egr3.

Serotonin 2A receptors (5-HTRs) mediate the hallucinogenic effects of psychedelic drugs and are a key target of the leading class of medications used to treat psychotic disorders. These findings suggest that dysfunction of 5-HTRs may contribute to the symptoms of schizophrenia, a mental illness characterized by perceptual and cognitive disturbances. Indeed, numerous studies have found that 5-HTRs are reduced in the brains of individuals with schizophrenia.

The value of comprehensive genomic sequencing to maximize the identification of clinically actionable alterations in advanced cancer patients: a case series.

Purpose: We present seven cases of advanced cancer patients who initially underwent tumor testing utilizing smaller, panel-based tests, followed by a variety of therapeutic treatments which ultimately resulted in progression of their disease. These cases demonstrate the value of utilizing WES/RNA seq and characterization following disease progression in these patients and the determination of clinically targetable alterations as well as acquired resistance mutations.

Materials And Methods: All patients are part of an IRB approved observational study.

Analytic validation and clinical utilization of the comprehensive genomic profiling test, GEM ExTra.

We developed and analytically validated a comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) assay, GEM ExTra, for patients with advanced solid tumors that uses Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to characterize whole exomes employing a paired tumor-normal subtraction methodology. The assay detects single nucleotide variants (SNV), indels, focal copy number alterations (CNA), TERT promoter region, as well as tumor mutation burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) status. Additionally, the assay incorporates whole transcriptome sequencing of the tumor sample that allows for the detection of gene fusions and select special transcripts, including AR-V7, EGFR vIII, EGFRvIV, and MET exon 14 skipping events.

Intermittent pneumatic compression is a cost-effective method of orthopedic postsurgical venous thromboembolism prophylaxis.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major complication after lower-limb arthroplasty that increases costs and reduces patient's quality of life. Using anticoagulants for 10-35 days following arthroplasty is the standard prophylaxis, but its cost-effectiveness after accounting for bleeding complications remains unproven.

Methods: A comprehensive, clinical model of VTE was created using the incidences, clinical effects (including bleeding), and costs of VTE and prophylaxis from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and large observational studies.

Hospital Inpatient Admissions With Dehydration and/or Malnutrition in Medicare Beneficiaries Receiving Enteral Nutrition: A Cohort Study.

Background: Enteral nutrition (EN) supports many older and disabled Americans. This study describes the frequency and cost of acute care hospitalization with dehydration and/or malnutrition of Medicare beneficiaries receiving EN, focusing on those receiving home EN.

Methods: Medicare 5% Standard Analytic Files were used to determine Medicare spending for EN supplies and the proportion and cost of beneficiaries receiving EN, specifically home EN, admitted to the hospital with dehydration and/or malnutrition.

Synthesis and characterization of a novel scaffold for bone tissue engineering based on Wharton's jelly.

A composite is a material made of more than one component, and the bond between the components is on a scale larger than the atomic scale. The objective of the present study was to synthesize and perform the structural characterization and biological evaluation of a new biocomposite (BCO) based on a novel combination of an organic and an inorganic phase, for bone tissue engineering applications. The organic phase consisted of Wharton's jelly (WJ), which was obtained from embryonic tissue following a protocol developed by our laboratory.

The damping effect of cement as a potential mitigation factor of squeaking in ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty.

Objectives: Studies reporting specifically on squeaking in total hip arthroplasty have focused on cementless, and not on hybrid, fixation. We hypothesised that the cement mantle of the femur might have a damping effect on the sound transmitted through the metal stem. The objective of this study was to test the effect of cement on sound propagation along different stem designs and under different fixation conditions.

Focusing of a tabletop soft-x-ray laser beam and laser ablation.

We focused the beam of a high-repetition-rate capillary-discharge tabletop laser operating at a wavelength of 46.9 nm, using a spherical Si/Sc multilayer mirror. The energy densities significantly exceeded the thresholds for the ablation of metals.

Investigating the cellular effects of isolated radiation tracks using microbeam techniques.

Studies of the effects of radiation at the cellular level have generally been carried out by exposing cells randomly to the charged-particle tracks of a radiation beam. Recently, a number of laboratories have developed techniques for microbeam irradiation of individual cells. These approaches are designed to remove much of the randomness of conventional methods and allow the nature of the targets and pathways involved in a range of radiation effects to be studied with greater selectivity.

A comparison of the radiosensitivity of relaxed and supercoiled plasmid DNA.

Purpose: The aim of the work was to compare critically the radiosensitivity of the supercoiled and relaxed forms of a plasmid DNA system commonly used in DNA damage assays.

Materials And Methods: The yields of single- (ssb) and double-strand breaks (dsb) in pBR322 DNA over a range of scavenging capacities were measured in the presence of Tris after irradiation with a single pulse of 400 keV electrons. The response was compared with DNA that had been given a preliminary dose of gamma-rays such that an average of one ssb per molecule was present.

[The regulatory mechanism of the activity of the saccharase-isomaltase complex of the brush border in rat enterocytes].

The data obtained suggests a possibility of regulation of the brush borders sucrase-isomaltase complex activity of the enterocytes. This ability seems to be a general biological phenomenon as it has been found both in birds and in mammals. The findings corroborate the theory of the functional blocks.

Efficient nonlinear amplitude recording of holographic gratings in electrolytically colored potassium bromide crystals.

The nonlinear amplitude recording of volume holographic gratings is theoretically and experimentally studied in electrolytically colored potassium bromide crystals. A maximum diffraction efficiency of 10.8% is obtained, which substantially exceeds the 3.

Some non-traditional aspects on the regulation of glucose assimilation in the small intestine.

1. The aim of this work was to give a new interpretation on the participation of several food factors in carbohydrate assimilation and metabolism regulation in the organism. 2.

[The adaptation of the digestive system to carbohydrates in experimental A hypervitaminosis].

High doses of vitamin A exerted no significant effect of the ability of the rat digestive system to adapt to food. The A hypervitaminosis increased the activity of sucrase and eliminated the ability to regulate the activity of this enzyme by the duodenum in the chicken small intestine.