Clinical Predictors of Abnormal Head Computed Tomography Findings in Non-trauma Patients Presenting to a South African Emergency Department.

Head computed tomography (head CT) examinations conducted at emergency departments (EDs) for non-trauma patients are expensive and expose patients to ionizing radiation. Identification of symptoms likely to yield abnormal head CT scans can reduce costs and prevent unnecessary patient irradiation. There is limited comprehensive data in the literature concerning the utilization of head CT in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) EDs.

Medical doctors' awareness of radiation exposure in diagnostic radiology investigations in a South African academic institution.

Background: Diagnostic investigations using radiation have become a critical feature of medical practice in recent times. However, the possibility of doctors' underestimation of risks of over-exposure of patients to diagnostic radiation still warrants further evaluation.

Objectives: To investigate doctors' awareness of diagnostic radiation exposure at Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, South Africa.

Hepatoma in pregnancy.

We present the third case of hepatoma in pregnancy to be reported in an African. Despite the high incidence of hepatoma in the male population, hepatoma complicating pregnancy is very rare in this environment. Death usually occurs within one year of onset of symptoms.

Combined ascitic--fluid and furosemide infusion: a therapeutic option for massive diuretic-resistant ascites and severe oliguria of hepatic cirrhosis.

We describe the successful use of combined ascitic-fluid and furosemide infusion as a therapeutic option in the management of massive diuretic-resistant ascites and severe oliguria of hepatic cirrhosis in a 30-year-old Nigerian male farmer. It is simple, safe, convenient and effective treatment modality. The mechanics of this procedure seen against the backgroup of the pathogenesis of sodium retention and renal dysfunction in hepatic cirrhosis is discussed.