Adrenomedullin expression in aortic artery wall of diabetic rats given alpha lipoic acid.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem predisposing to cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on both the arterial wall of diabetic rats and the adrenomedullin (ADM) gene expression.

Methods: Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups as Control, DM + S, and DM + ALA.

Effects of α-MSH on ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat sciatic nerve.

Background: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) causes the production of toxic free radicals and leads to pathological changes in nerve tissue. We investigated the effect of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in a rat model for sciatic nerve I/R and discuss the possible cytoprotective and antioxidant mechanism of α-MSH against ischemic fiber degeneration.

Methods: Experiments were performed using 42 adult male Wistar rats.

Comparison of the effects of different electrocautery applications to peripheral nerves: an experimental study.

Background: This study was designed to investigate the effects of bipolar and mononopolar electrocauterization on peripheral nerve tissue. The comparison on the deleterious effects of the different cautery modalities and the importance of probe tip placement are evaluated using electrophysiological, electron microscopic and biochemical assessment parameters.

Methods: Ninety-eight male Wistar albino rats, each weighing 250-275 g, were randomly divided into 14 groups.

Effects of peripheral nerve ischemia-reperfusion model on serum cytokine levels.

Aim: Although the neuropathology of ischemic nerve fiber degeneration is relatively well known, its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Local cytokines, which have neuroprotective effects on inflammation and repair, participate in the process by undefined mechanisms. In this study, we evaluated the effects of ischemia and reperfusion on the sciatic nerve of the rat and investigated the probable effects of cytokines on this period.

Genetic polymorphism of VEGF-1154 (A/G) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Angiogenesis has been shown to be increased in various human tumors including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is thought to be one of the most important angiogenic factors in tumorigenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether polymorphism of VEGF-1154 (A/G) genotypes are associated with the risk of laryngeal SCC.

The effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on healing of colonic anastomoses.

Background: We aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on delayed colonic anastomotic healing induced by remote ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Materials And Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups, each consisting of 10 rats: the control group (C), the remote I/R group [I/R, 40 min of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion], the preconditioned I/R group (IPC, two cycles of 5 min temporary occlusion of SMA before an ischemic insult of 40 min), and the preconditioned group (PC, two cycles of 5 min temporary occlusion of SMA). Colonic anastomosis was performed immediately after the ischemic insult.

The role of apoptosis in traumatic versus nontraumatic nasal septal cartilage.

Background: Nasal surgery is occasionally performed to correct traumatic nasal deformity. Septal cartilage is the main tissue to be corrected and is a graft source when needed. A risk in engrafting with cartilage is the possibility of resorption as a result of either necrosis or apoptosis.

The effect of octreotide on healing of injured colonic anastomosis with immediate postoperative intraperitoneal administration of 5-Fluorouracil.

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the effect of octreotide on side effects of immediate usage of 5-fluorouracil after colonic anastomosis.

Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups and underwent standardized left colonic anastomosis. The rats served as control or received intraperitoneal 5-fluorouracil (20 mg/kg daily), subcutaneous octreotide (20 mug/kg daily), or both.

Roles of nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and fibronectin in an experimental peripheral nerve ischemia-reperfusion model.

Although there are many studies of the neuropathology of the ischemic degeneration of peripheral nerves, the pathogenesis is not well-understood. The roles of several biomolecules on this process were previously reported. An adhesion molecule, fibronectin, which is applied locally (as a conduit material), is very effective in nerve recovery.

N-acetylcysteine protects the rats against phrenic nerve dysfunction in sepsis.

This study investigates the association of oxidative stress with the function of the phrenic nerve and inquires whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may counteract the possible detrimental effects. Thirty rats were divided into three groups: sham, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP plus NAC treatment. Sepsis was produced by the CLP procedure.

Effects of trapidil after crush injury in peripheral nerve.

In this study, we evaluated the effects of trapidil on crush injury by monitoring nitric oxide, malondialdehyde and transforming growth factor-Beta2 levels and by transmission electron microscopy in the rat sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve was compressed for 20 sec by using a jewelers forceps. Trapidil treatment groups were administrated a single dose of trapidil (8 mg/kg) intraperitoneally just after the injury.

Effects of triazolopyrimidine on lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels in the corticosteroid-impaired healing of rat tracheal anastomoses.

Corticosteroids are used to reduce the oedema and prevent scar tissue formation of the upper airways by their ability to inhibit influx of inflammatory cells, limit capillary permeability and block collagen synthesis in the early stages of wound healing. Triazolopyrimidine (Trapidil) is an antiplatelet agent that acts in part as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and as a competitive inhibitor of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor. Trapidil, with its vasodilator and NO releasing effect may have some potential to diminish the tissue injury.

Protective effect of L-carnitine on renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury in the rat.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of L-carnitine in ischaemia and reperfusion of the rat kidney. Rats were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (control group; n = 6) received no treatment.

The effect of alprostadil on ischemia-reperfusion injury of peripheral nerve in rats.

Objective: To determine the effect of alprostadil on the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of the sciatic nerve in rats.

Materials And Methods: Pre-reperfusion administration of alprostadil (0.05 microg kg(-1)) was assessed in the I/R injury model of the rat sciatic nerve.

Bronchoscopy induces intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction: a possible role for nitric oxide.

Objective: This study investigates the effect of bronchoscopy on intestinal mucosal barrier function and its association with intestinal nitric oxide production.

Methods: 30 rats were used. The study group (n=15) underwent rigid bronchoscopy.

Effects of trapidil on intestinal mucosal barrier function and bacterial translocation after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in an experimental rat model.

Background: Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion may be the primary triggers of mucosal barrier impairment, cytokine expression, and bacterial translocation (BT). Trapidil is a phosphodiesterase and platelet-derived growth factor inhibitor that reduces lipid peroxidation and inhibits the production of cytokines.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess whether trapidil might protect the intestinal epithelial barrier by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and proinflammatory cytokines by testing the effect of trapidil on intestinal barrier function in an experimental ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rat model.

Effect of trapidil in ischemia/reperfusion injury on rat small intestine.

To investigate the effect of trapidil on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, we determined malondialdehyde levels as a indicator of lipid peroxidation, nitrite and nitrate levels as reflections of nitric oxide metabolism, and histopathological findings in rats subjected to 40 min of ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion. Histopathological evaluation demonstrated that trapidil treatment has a protective effect on intestinal mucosa and reduces inflammatory cell infiltration in lamina propria, which is consistently noted in the untreated ischemic and reperfused intestines. Possible mechanism of this effect may be explained by the reduced lipid peroxidation (mean malondialdehyde level 3.

The effects of carnitine on distally-burned dorsal skin flap: an experimental study in rats.

Objective: In ischemia and burn injuries, there are major alterations threatening tissue survival. Increased energy flow requirements are among the major problems in these disorders. Carnitine is an endogenous cofactor, which has a regulatory action on the energy flow from different oxidative sources.

Association of the platelet glycoprotein Ia C807T/G873A gene polymorphism and thrombosis in Behçet patients.

Thrombosis is a common complication of Behçet disease and the pathogenic mechanism of thrombotic tendency in Behçet disease is not well known. Several platelet membrane glycoprotein gene polymorphisms have been identified as risk factors for thrombosis. This study aimed to evaluate the possible role of the GP Ia C807T/G873A polymorphism as a risk factor for thrombosis in Behçet disease.

The effects of dexamethasone on lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels on the healing of tracheal anastomoses: an experimental study in rats.

Corticosteroids are shown to have deleterious effects on wound healing for various tissues. Arginine metabolism and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis play an important role in many aspects of inflammation and wound healing. The study was designed to evaluate the relationship of dexamethasone impaired healing of tracheal anastomoses to NO metabolism and lipid peroxidation.

The effect of local administration of N-acetylcysteine in perforated rat tympanic membrane: an experimental study in myringosclerosis.

Myringosclerosis (MyS) is a common sequela of acute and chronic otitis media and ventilation tube treatment of serous otitis media. We aimed to study the effect of topical administration of N -acetylcysteine (NAC) on MyS by assessment of otomicroscopic evaluation, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide (NO) (nitrite/nitrate) levels in experimental myringotomized rat tympanic membrane. Thirty adult rats were used and the upper posterior quadrant of the tympanic membranes of rats was myringotomized.