Evaluation and follow-up of patients diagnosed with hypophysitis: a cohort study.

Objective: Primary hypophysitis might be challenging to diagnose, and there is a lack of evidence regarding optimal treatment strategies due to rarity of the disease. We aim to investigate the clinical features and compare the outcomes of different management strategies of primary hypophysitis in a large group of patients recruited on a nationwide basis.

Design: A retrospective observational study.

Subacute THYROiditis Related to SARS-CoV-2 VAccine and Covid-19 (THYROVAC Study): A Multicenter Nationwide Study.

Context: The aims of the study are to compare characteristics of subacute thyroiditis (SAT) related to different etiologies, and to identify predictors of recurrence of SAT and incident hypothyroidism.

Methods: This nationwide, multicenter, retrospective cohort study included 53 endocrinology centers in Turkey. The study participants were divided into either COVID-19-related SAT (Cov-SAT), SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related SAT (Vac-SAT), or control SAT (Cont-SAT) groups.

The Experience of our Center in Patients Undergoing Insulin Degludec/ Insulin Aspart Co-formulation Therapy.

Aim: A co-formulation containing insulin degludec and insulin aspart (IDegAsp) is available for the treatment of diabetes in Turkey. We aimed to evaluate the clinical results of switching to IDegAsp treatment for Type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 217 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with IDegAsp and having follow-up data were included.

Menstrual Changes after COVID-19 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccination.

Background: Several factors such as stress, depression, infection, and vaccination influenced the menstrual cycle in women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We investigated whether there were changes in the menstrual cycle in women after COVID-19 vaccination or infection and, if so, the nature of the change.

Methods: This study was designed as a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

The relationship between thyroid autoimmunity and poor response to ovarian stimulation in in vitro fertilization women with infertility.

Introduction: Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) is the most common autoimmune disorder. Patients with TAI are usually euthyroid, and the presence of anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) in patients with or without thyroid dysfunction is associated with infertility, recurrent embryo implantation failure, and early pregnancy loss. We aimed to investigate the relationship between low ovarian reserve, pregnancy outcomes, and TAI.

A Case Report of Concurrent Graves' Disease and Subacute Thyroiditis Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: An Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome (ASIA).

Background: The response against adjuvants in vaccines is presented as autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome (ASIA). In this case report, we presented both SAT and Graves' disease in a patient as ASIA following the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.

Case Presentation: A 31-year-old woman was admitted to the endocrinology outpatient clinic with the complaint of neck pain following the second dose of the BNT162B2 SARS-CoV-2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccine.

A Case Report of Conversion from Hashimoto's Thyroiditis to Graves' Disease in Type 1 Diabetic Patient Following the COVID-19 Vaccination.

Background: A considerable number of COVID-19 vaccines became available following the outbreak. Yet, various inflammatory and autoimmune complications have been reported following vaccination. We aimed to report the case of a type 1 diabetic patient converting from Hashimoto's thyroiditis to Graves' disease after the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccine, thought to trigger an autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA syndrome).

Identifying Clinical Characteristics of Hypoparathyroidism in Turkey: HIPOPARATURK-NET Study.

Hypoparathyroidism is an orphan disease with ill-defined epidemiology that is subject to geographic variability. We conducted this study to assess the demographics, etiologic distribution, treatment patterns and complication frequency of patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism in Turkey. This is a retrospective, cross-sectional database study, with collaboration of 30 endocrinology centers located in 20 cities across seven geographical regions of Turkey.

Severe chronic periodontitis is not common in Acromegaly: Potential protective role of gingival BMP-2.

Background/aim: Advanced chronic periodontitis is observed rarely in acromegaly. Periodontal tissue including the alveolar bone is seemed to be spared from the systemic metabolic derangements of bone in this patient population. Chronic elevation of growth hormone, IGF-1, and bone morphogenetic proteins may play a role in periodontal tissue regeneration in acromegalics.

The effect of iatrogenic subclinical hyperthyroidism on anxiety, depression and quality of life in differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Background/aim: Overt thyroidism is known to cause neuropsychiatric disorders but studies on subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCH) are limited. Subclinical hyperthyroidism induction by administering L-Thyroxine (LT4) is the standard treatment method in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) follow-up. Our aim was to investigate whether anxiety, depression and quality of life are affected in DTC patients followed-up with exogenous SCH.

Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography and Ultrasonographic Findings of Achilles Tendon in Patients With and Without Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the elastographic features of Achilles tendon with Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse in patients with and without diabetic neuropathy.

Methods: According to the presence of peripheral neuropathy, 45 patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into 2 subgroups. Those with peripheral neuropathy were defined as group I (22 patients) and those without peripheral neuropathy were defined as group II (23 patients).

Value of shear wave elastography by virtual touch tissue imaging quantification in patients with diffuse thyroid gland pathology.

Background/aim: This study was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography by virtual touch tissue imaging quantification in patients with diffuse thyroid gland pathology and to differentiate Graves' disease from Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Materials and methods: Thirty patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 22 patients with Graves' disease were evaluated with conventional ultrasonography and shear wave elastography by virtual touch tissue imaging quantification. Thirty healthy participants formed the control group.

Assessment of Parotid and Submandibular Glands With Shear Wave Elastography Following Radioactive Iodine Therapy for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objectives: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy. Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is used for remnant ablation following thyroidectomy. Side effects such as dysphagia, xerostomia, and sialoadenitis may occur.

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and constitutional delay of growth and puberty have distinct genetic architectures.

Objective: Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) and constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) represent rare and common forms of GnRH deficiency, respectively. Both CDGP and CHH present with delayed puberty, and the distinction between these two entities during early adolescence is challenging. More than 30 genes have been implicated in CHH, while the genetic basis of CDGP is poorly understood.

Evaluation of ambulatory arterial stiffness index in hyperthyroidism.

Background/aim: Hyperthyroidism causes hemodynamic changes that are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring recordings provide us with some essential data: BP variability and ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI). In this study, we aimed to investigate AASI and short-term BP variability in both overt and subclinical hyperthyroidism and their relationship with thyroid hormones.

A Case Report of Bilateral Adrenal Sarcomatoid Carcinoma.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy. Sarcomatoid adrenal carcinoma is even more aggressive type of ACC. Bilateral malignant adrenal tumors are extremely rare except for those that represent metastasis from an extra-adrenal organ.

RANKL/Osteoprotegerin System and Bone Turnover in Hashimoto Thyroiditis.

Hypothyroidism is associated with changes in bone metabolism. The impact of hypothyroidism and the associated autoimmunity on the mediators of bone turnover in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is not known. In this study, we assessed the levels of OPG, RANKL, and IL-6 along with markers of bone formation as osteocalcin (OC) and markers of bone resorption as type 1 collagen C telopeptide (CTX) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRAcP 5b) in 30 hypothyroid and 30 euthyroid premenopausal HT patients and 20 healthy premenopausal controls.

Circulating Th17 cytokine levels are altered in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

The disrupted autoimmune response in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) has long been considered to be dominantly T helper type 1 (Th1) mediated. Recent advances in the field of immunology have introduced a new class of effector T cells, named 'Th17', which plays important roles in autoimmune disorders once thought to be merely Th1 mediated. We aimed to examine the levels of major Th17 cytokines in patients with HT in this study.

Lymph node fine-needle aspiration washout thyroglobulin in papillary thyroid cancer: Diagnostic value and the effect of thyroglobulin antibodies.

Purpose: Thyroglobulin (Tg) assessment in the needle washout after fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of a suspicious neck lymph node (LN) is known to improve the diagnostic accuracy in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, there is still controversy on the best diagnostic cut-off levels for FNAB-Tg and whether thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) positivity affects FNAB-Tg. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the diagnostic power of different cut-offs for FNAB-Tg and (ii) if serum TgAb(+) negatively affects the FNAB-Tg evaluation.

The effect of thyroid autoimmunity on T-cell responses in early pregnancy.

Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) is common in women of reproductive age. There is a relationship between TAI and recurrent pregnancy loss and infertility. In pregnant patients with thyroid autoimmunity, the T helper-1 (Th1)/T helper-2 (Th2) ratio may shift to a Th1-type response and these activated T lymphocytes may lead to implantation failure.

Serum levels of fetuin A are increased in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: Fetuin A is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to investigate circulating fetuin A concentrations in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Serum fetuin A levels were studied in 26 pregnant women with GDM and 24 healthy pregnant women between 24th and 28th gestational weeks.

Hyperparathyroid crisis presenting with hyperemesis gravidarum.

Purpose: Primary hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy is a rare condition, and the diagnosis may be confounded by pregnancy related conditions. Since the appropriate management reduces the maternal and fetal complications; differential diagnosis becomes quite crucial.

Method: Clinical course of a patient with hyperparathyroid crisis will be discussed with the review of the literature.

Elevated mean platelet volume is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.

The mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of the average size and activity of platelets. Elevated MPV values are associated with larger and more active platelets and perceived as a new independent cardiovascular risk factor. The aim of this study was to determine the MPV in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to determine the correlation of MPV with metabolic parameters in GDM.

Diffuse amyloid deposition in thyroid gland: a cause for concern in familial Mediterranean fever.

Thyroid gland is among the many organs that could be infiltrated in systemic amyloidosis. However, diffuse infiltration of the thyroid gland secondary to systemic amyloidosis associated with Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is rare. Here, we present a 49-year-old woman diagnosed with FMF and systemic amyloidosis, who had a large goiter and multiple nodules that developed slowly through the years and was complicated by tracheal compression symptoms and a mild thyroid dysfunction.