Refining Treat-to-Target (T2T) strategies in Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS): The role of inflammatory markers.

Objectives: Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS) encompasses a spectrum of Interleukin-1 (IL-1) driven systemic diseases with dramatic individual and societal burden. The study aimed to identify parameters and instruments to refine real-life Treat-to-Target (T2T) strategies and control CAPS disease activity.

Methods: A single-centre, longitudinal study of consecutive children and adults diagnosed with CAPS and treated with anti-IL-1 therapy was performed.

Optimized Treatment of Interleukin (IL-1)-Mediated Autoinflammatory Diseases: Impact of Disease Activity-Based Treatment Adjustments.

Effective control of disease activity in Interleukin-1 autoinflammatory diseases (IL-1 AID) is crucial to prevent damage. The aim was to longitudinally analyze the impact of protocolized disease activity-based treatment adjustments in a real-life cohort. A single-center study of consecutive children with IL-1 AID followed between January 2016 and December 2019 was performed.

The risk of cardiovascular comorbidity in children with Behçet's disease.

Objective: Patients with Behçet's disease (BD) may experience long-term morbidity caused by various forms of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to assess the risk for cardiovascular comorbidity in paediatric BD patients with and without vascular involvement, independent of the contribution of traditional risk factors.

Methods: Paediatric patients classified as having BD according to the 2015 Peadiatric BD (PEDBD) criteria were included in the study.

Association of Pre-Transplant Angiopoietin-2 Index with the Risk of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Objective: Angiogenic factors (AFs) released under endothelial stress are reflective of tissue healing, while some may also contribute to tissue damage/inflammation. We investigated whether alterations in the pre-transplant levels of AFs were associated with the risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD).

Materials And Methods: The pre-conditioning plasma levels of angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), endoglin, and follistatin were measured for 37 patients together with inflammatory markers.

Obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome: is it possible to predict severe apnea?

The objectives are to explore the demographic and polysomnographic features of children with Down syndrome and to determine the predictive factors associated with severe sleep apnea. A total of 81 children with Down syndrome referred for full-night polysomnography were analyzed. In addition, parental interviews were performed for each child.

Adhesion molecules as diagnostic and severity biomarkers in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Discrimination of the cases with severe and mild pneumonia is crucial due to the requirement of hospitalization, additional management, and treatment protocols. We aimed to analyze the role of IL6 (Interleukin), IL8, IL10, VCAM-1 (soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule), and sSELE (soluble E-selectin) in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Methods: Pediatric patients with severe pneumonia (SP) were hospitalized and patients with mild disease (MP) were treated in the community.

A review of the etiology and clinical presentation of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: A tertiary care experience.

Introduction: Non-cystic fibrosis(CF) bronchiectasis has been recognized in children for the past 200 years. Early childhood pneumonia and underlying conditions such as immunodeficiency, primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD), and congenital lung pathology should be considered in the etiology. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical characteristics, laboratory, and radiological findings of a large population of patients with non-CF bronchiectasis at a tertiary center.

Primary Osteosarcoma of the Rib: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the bone. The most common sites of osteosarcoma in children are the metaphysis of long bones, especially the distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. It occurs very rarely in flat bones.