The Role of Resolvin D1 in the Differential Diagnosis of the Cholangiocarcinoma and Benign Biliary Diseases.

Background: The discrimination of malignant biliary strictures from benign biliary diseases (BBDs) is challenging and complicated. We aimed to investigate whether Resolvin D1 (RvD1) would aid in the discrimination of cholan-giocarcinoma (CCA) from BBDs.

Methods: Thirty-one patients with CCA, 27 patients with BBD, and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.

Immediate unprepared polyethylene glycol-flush colonoscopy in elderly patients with severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Aims: Colon preparation is vital yet more difficult in elderly patients with severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB). The aim of this study is to show the efficacy, safety and outcomes of unprepared polyethylene glycol (PEG)-flush retrograde colon cleansing in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly home care patients with LGIB.

Methods: A single-center study was performed between January 2014 and June 2018.

The Performance of Nesfatin-1 in Distinguishing Irritable Bowel Syndrome Presenting Predominantly with Diarrhea from Celiac Disease.

Background: We hypothesized that nesfatin-1, an anti-inflammatory peptide, could be used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool in the identification of celiac disease (CD) and irritable bowel syndrome presenting predominantly with diarrhea (IBS-D).

Methods: Thirty-five patients with IBS-D who met the Rome III criteria, 28 patients with celiac disease who met the diagnostic criteria of the Marsh-Oberhuber classification, and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. All subjects responded to the IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) questionnaire that was used to determine pain severity, pain frequency, bloating, dissatisfaction with bowel habits, and life interference.

Serum resolvin D1 levels as a marker of inflammation in constipation dominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Background/aims: The objective of this study is to determine the role of circulating resolvin D1 (RvD1) in patients with constipation subtype of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) and evaluate the relationship between abdominal pain severity and RvD1 levels.

Materials And Methods: This research included 55 patients with IBS-C and 36 healthy controls. Controls were selected from patients who applied to our department with similar complaints as IBS but were not diagnosed with any type of pathology after further investigations.

Pentoxifylline attenuates mucosal damage in an experimental model of rat colitis by modulating tissue biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis.

Background/aim: This study was designed to identify the effect of pentoxifylline on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats.

Materials And Methods: Forty-two female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: group A, TNBS + intraperitoneal (IP) pentoxifylline; group B, TNBS + IP saline; group C, TNBS + intrarectal (IR) pentoxifylline; group D, TNBS + IR saline; group E, IP pentoxifylline + TNBS; group F, IP saline + TNBS; group G, IR saline. Pentoxifylline was given daily for 3 days before or 6 days after the induction of colitis.

The efficacy of a through-the-scope sodium phosphate solution with completion colonoscopy on the same day as a salvage option for inadequate bowel cleansing.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a through- the-scope sodium phosphate solution with completion colonoscopy on the same day as a salvage option for inadequate bowel preparation.

Materials And Methods: All participants were instructed to eat a low residual diet for 3 days before the scheduled colonoscopy and a clear liquid diet 18 h before the colonoscopy. The patients were asked to take split doses of an oral sennoside solution at 1800 and 2200 in the evening before the colonoscopy.

Combination of DKK1 and AFP improves diagnostic accuracy of hepatocellular carcinoma compared with either marker alone.

Background/aims: The Wnt/ß-catenin pathway plays a prominent role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Dickkopf (DKK) proteins (DKK1-4) are known Wnt antagonists; the overexpression of DKK1 has been demonstrated in HCC, and increased DKK3 methylation in the HCC tissue is associated with worse prognosis. Thus, the aim of our study was to demonstrate the diagnostic accuracy of serum DKK1 and DKK3 in HCC in comparison with that of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).

Rivaroxaban Induces Mucosal Healing in a Rat Model of Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis.

Objective: This study was designed to identify the effect of rivaroxaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor, on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 each. Group 1 received TNBS + rivaroxaban, group 2 received TNBS + methylprednisolone, group 3 received TNBS and group 4 received a saline enema.

Lidocaine versus lidocaine plus benzydamine as a topical anesthesia regimen for unsedated upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: A comparison study.

Background/aims: The aim was to assess the efficacy of adding benzydamine (B) spray to standard treatment with a lidocaine (L) spray before upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) as a topical anaesthetic regimen.

Materials And Methods: A total of 118 adult patients undergoing outpatient UGE were randomly assigned to receive L (n=44), LB (n=38) or B (n=36) before the procedure. The primary outcome was the patient tolerance score, which represents a summative evaluation of the taste of the anesthetic agent, the intensity of pharyngeal numbness, the amount of coughing or gagging and the degree of discomfort during oesophageal intubation.