Supratentorial Intracranial Anomalies in Myelomeningocele Patients.

Aim: To assess associated cerebral supratentorial anomalies in patients who underwent myelomeningocele repair in hopes of developing a better morphological apprehension of the forebrain?s anomalies in this category of patients.

Material And Methods: This retrospective observational study assessed 426 pediatric patients who underwent myelomeningocele repair between January 2013 and December 2020. Cranial MRIs with T1- and T2-weighted sequences were obtained as part of the postoperative assessment to determine the presence of associated supratentorial anomalies in pediatric patients following myelomeningocele repair.

Task-dependent functional connectivity changes in response to varying levels of social support.

Background: Having social support improves one's health outcomes and self-esteem, and buffers the negative impact of stressors. Previous studies have explored the association between social support and brain activity, but evidence from task-dependent functional connectivity is still limited.

Aims: We aimed to explore how gradually decreasing levels of social support influence task-dependent functional connectivity across several major neural networks.

Predictors of anxiety and depression in operating room nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-center cross-sectional study.

Background: Operating room nurses (ORNs) who directly deal with the treatment and care of COVID-19 patients during the pandemic are at risk in terms of psychological stress and other mental health problems.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the anxiety and depression levels of ORNs working in different countries in the COVID-19 outbreak, and to determine the predictors and the difference between countries.

Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study.

Gradual Loss of Social Group Support during Competition Activates Anterior TPJ and Insula but Deactivates Default Mode Network.

Group forming behaviors are common in many species to overcome environmental challenges. In humans, bonding, trust, group norms, and a shared past increase consolidation of social groups. Being a part of a social group increases resilience to mental stress; conversely, its loss increases vulnerability to depression.

Prenatal SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Exposure Induces Autism-Like Neurobehavioral Changes in Male Neonatal Rats.

Recent research on placental, embryo, and brain organoids suggests that the COVID-19 virus may potentially affect embryonic organs, including the brain. Given the established link between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and neuroinflammation, we sought to investigate the effects of exposure to this protein during pregnancy. We divided pregnant rats into three groups: Group 1 received a 1 ml/kg saline solution, Group 2 received 150 μg/kg adjuvant aluminum hydroxide (AAH), and Group 3 received 40 μg/kg spike protein + 150 μg/kg AAH at 10 and 14 days of gestation.

Assessment of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Parameters and Coefficient of Variance in Discrimination of Receptor Status and Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the diagnostic power of apparent diffusion coefficient/coefficient of variance (ADCcV) as well as ADC parameters formed based on magnetic resonance images (MRI) in the distinction of molecular breast cancer subtypes.

Methods: The study involved 205 patients who had breast cancer at stages 1-3. Estrogen receptor (EsR), progesterone receptor (PrR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2), and proliferation index (Ki-67) were histologically analyzed in the tumor.

Demonstration of ameliorating effect of papaverine in sepsis-induced acute lung injury on rat model through radiology and histology.

Background: Our target was to show the role of high mobility group box-1/receptor for (HMGB1/RAGE) interaction in feces intraperitoneal injection procedure (FIP)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) pathophysiology, to investigate the effect of papaverine on RAGE associated NF-κB pathway by determining the level of soluble RAGE (sRAGE) and HMGB1, and to support this hypothesis by evaluating inflammatory biochemical, oxidative stress markers, Hounsfield unit (HU) value in computed tomography (CT), and histo-pathological results.

Methods: FIP was performed on 37 Wistar rats for creating a sepsis-induced ALI model. The animals were assigned into four groups as follows: Normal control (no treatment), placebo (FIP and saline), and receiving 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg per day papaverine.

The Reflection of Self-Esteem on the Brain Structure: A Voxel Based Morphometry Study in Healthy Young Adults.

Introduction: Low self-esteem is a known risk factor for mental illnesses. Neuroimaging studies have identified evidence for a functional association between default mode network (DMN) and self-esteem levels. However, it is not clear whether there is a similar association between trait self-esteem and the structures composing DMN.

Reparative, Neuroprotective and Anti-neurodegenerative Effects of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury Model.

Objective: This animal model aimed to compare the rat group that received brain irradiation and did not receive additional treatment (only saline) and the rat group that underwent brain irradiation and received Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment. In addition, the effects of G-CSF on brain functions were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and histopathologically.

Methods: This study used 24 female Wistar albino rats.

Atorvastatin Improves the Propionic Acid-Induced Autism in Rats: The Roles of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Anti-inflammatory Action.

Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the benefits of atorvastatin on the propionic acid-induced autism model via increasing sphingosine-1-phosphate and anti-inflammatory actions with imaging and brain tissue investigations. Materials and methods Twenty-five mg/kg/day/rat of propionic acid (PPA) was administered intraperitoneally to 20 male Wistar rats, and 10 male Wistar rats were fed orally. Study groups were designed as follows: Group 1: Control Group (orally fed control, n=10); Group 2 (PPA+saline, n=10); Group 3 (PPA+Atorvastatin, n=10).

What Would be the Difference Between Operative Treatment of Patients with Tibia Fractures out of Working Hours; Intramedullary Nailing for Tibial Shaft Fractures.

Objectives: Performing orthopedic surgery in and out of working hours may affect the success of the surgery. Timing of surgery in tibial shaft fractures is controversial. In this study, the effect of the timing of surgery on the success and complications of intramedullary nailing of tibial fractures is examined.

Modafinil Improves Autism-like Behavior in Rats by Reducing Neuroinflammation.

To evaluate the ameliorating effect of Modafinil on neuroinflammation, behavioral, and histopathological alterations in rats induced by propionic acid (PPA). Thirty male Wistar rats were used in the study, divided into 3 groups of ten subjects. One group served as a control, the subjects in the other two were given 250 mg/kg/day of PPA by intraperitoneal injection over the course of 5 days to induce autism.

Indirect evaluation of amyloid deposition by ultrasonography and its relationship with MEFV gene mutation in FMF patients.

Objective: The most significant complication in familial mediterranean fever (FMF) patients is dysfunction and organ failure developing depending on amyloid deposition in organs. The golden standard for showing amyloid deposition is the biopsy; however, tissue stiffness was examined by shear wave elastography as a non-invasive method in a restricted number of studies conducted, and it is considered that amyloid deposition can be shown indirectly. In our study, we aimed to indirectly evaluate amyloid deposition in organs with Shear wave and Doppler ultrasonography and to reveal its relationship with MEFV gene mutation analysis.

Vitamins C and E protect from sepsis-induced lung damage in rat and CT correlation.

Background: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in intensive care units worldwide. Vitamins C and E are natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. Suppressing the inflammation is an important treatment target because it plays a role in the pathophysiology of sepsis.

Demonstration of ameliorating effect of vardenafil through its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in autism spectrum disorder induced by propionic acid on rat model.

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiology. In this study, we aimed to determine the ameliorating effects of vardenafil in the ASD rat model induced by propionic acid (PPA) in terms of neurobehavioral changes and also support these effects with histopathological changes, brain biochemical analysis and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one male rats were randomly assigned into three groups.

Therapeutic effect of finasteride through its antiandrogenic and antioxidant role in a propionic acid-induced autism model: Demonstrated by behavioral tests, histological findings and MR spectroscopy.

Background: Autism is a clinically defined neurodevelopmental disorder with unknown origin characterized by significant social, communication and behavioral challenges. Although it can be a lifelong condition, treatments can help alleviate symptoms and enhance a patient's quality of life.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of finasteride in autism with biochemical markers, histopathological evaluation, behavioral tests and radiological imaging.

Predicting the Overall Survival in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer by Calculating L3 Skeletal Muscle Index Derived from CT.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is mostly diagnosed in advanced stages, and treatment results are not satisfactory. L3 skeletal muscle index (SMI) has emerged as a prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer patients. We aimed to assess the association between sarcopenia and overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer in this study.

Protective effect of oxytocin through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant role in a model of sepsis-induced acute lung injury: Demonstrated by CT and histological findings.

Although several studies demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effect of oxytocin in different pathophysiological processes, there are limited data describing the impact of oxytocin on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We aimed to elucidate the protective effect of oxytocin in ARDS with histopathological evaluation and radiological imaging in addition to biochemical markers. Fecal intraperitoneal injection procedure (FIP) was performed on 24 of 32 rats included in the study for creating a sepsis model.

The predictive role of nursing students' individual characteristics and psychological resilience in psychological distress.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the predictive role of nursing students' individual characteristics and psychological resilience in psychological distress.

Design And Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study sample included 652 nursing students.

Stressors and Coping Methods of Turkish Adolescents With High and Low Risk of Depression: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Stress and coping skills are essential factors in the etiology of depression. Understanding the stressors and coping strategies of adolescents in Turkey may help determine the content of the country-specific depression prevention program.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to understand the stressors of adolescents with a high or low risk of depression and how they coped with these stressors.

A Dimension in Recovery: Return to Working Life After Breast Cancer.

Background: Returning to work (RTW) after breast cancer is an important step in psychosocial recovery.

Objective: To explore experiences of Turkish breast cancer survivors about returning or continuing to work.

Methods: This study utilized a qualitative descriptive approach.

A Modification of Internal Bone Transport Method for Reconstruction of Nonunion of Forearm.

Background: Defects of bone and soft tissue occur frequently after high-energy trauma, infections, and tumor resection. Treatment options are limited and outcomes are controversial in nonunion. Classical reconstruction methods are challenging.