Bioactive Compounds and Antimicrobial Activities in Iranian Ecotypes for Potential Food and Medicinal Uses.

The genus , belonging to the Rosaceae family, exhibits widespread distribution across Iran, comprising 17 species. Hawthorn has garnered significant attention in recent years as a prominent herbal remedy in phytotherapy and culinary applications. Various plant parts, including flowers, leaves, and fruits, have been traditionally employed to address cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, hypotension, palpitations, and cardiac arrhythmias.

The Utilization of Acetaminophen for Managing PGE1-Induced Fever in Neonates with Critical Congenital Heart Disease.

Introduction: We aimed to retrospectively evaluate the use of acetaminophen, which may be a risk factor for the ductal canal, in the treatment of fever due to prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) infusion in newborns with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD).

Methods: The study included newborns who were followed-up in our neonatal intensive care unit with the diagnosis of critical congenital heart disease, developed fever due to PGE1 infusion and had acetaminophen administered for antipyretic treatment. The patent ductus arteriosus diameters of the patients were evaluated by echocardiographic imaging before intravenous acetaminophen treatment and at the end of the day of acetaminophen treatment.

Successful Treatment of Aortic Coarctation in an Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant with Balloon Angioplasty.

In our case report, we present a case of successful antegrade balloon angioplasty performed via the femoral vein on a 980-gram neonate with severe coarctation of the aorta. Upon reviewing the literature, we found no cases of balloon angioplasty for coarctation performed via the femoral vein in infants with a lower birth weight than in our case. Our aim is to underline that each patient may require individual evaluation and management options.

Optimizing Grape Quality Through Tillage and Organic Fertilization: A Comprehensive Analysis of Phenolic and Anthocyanin Variability Over Three Years.

Knowing the concentration levels of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins in grape berries plays a key role, as these compounds significantly contribute to the nutritional value and quality of grapes, affecting both health benefits and grape quality. The current study was conducted to investigate how different tillage (disc harrow, chisel, no tillage) and organic fertilizer (Antep radish and broccoli chopped residue, olive blackwater) treatments affect the concentration of these valuable compounds in Royal grape berries over three consecutive years (2020-2022), providing insights into optimal agricultural practices for enhancing grape quality. Our results documented significant variations in phenolic and anthocyanin concentrations across different soil tillage, organic fertilizer treatments and years.

An Innovative Approach: Alleviating Cadmium Toxicity in Grapevine Seedlings Using Smoke Solution Derived from the Burning of Vineyard Pruning Waste.

Although plant-derived smoke solutions (SSs) have exhibited growth-promoting properties in various plant species, their potential role in mitigating heavy metal stress, specifically in grapevines, has remained unexplored and unreported. This knowledge gap prompted the present study to evaluate the efficacy of foliar application of SSs derived from vineyard pruning waste at concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2% in mitigating Cadmium (Cd) phytotoxicity in grape saplings.

Silicon dioxide and selenium nanoparticles enhance vase life and physiological quality in black magic roses.

In contemporary floriculture, particularly within the cut flower industry, there is a burgeoning interest in innovative methodologies aimed at enhancing the aesthetic appeal and prolonging the postharvest longevity of floral specimens. Within this context, the application of nanotechnology, specifically the utilization of silicon and selenium nanoparticles, has emerged as a promising approach for augmenting the qualitative attributes and extending the vase life of cut roses. This study evaluated the impact of silicon dioxide (SiO-NPs) and selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) in preservative solutions on the physio-chemical properties of 'Black Magic' roses.

Evaluation of coeliac trunk and hepatic artery variations in thoracic CT angiography in patients with congenital heart disease.

Introduction: Understanding the variations of abdominal vascular structures is important for preventing complications of abdominal surgical procedures for gastrointestinal disease such as necrotizing enterocolitis or others that may arise in patients with congenital cardiac disease. We analysed the coeliac trunk and its branches in children with congenital heart disease to determine whether there is a greater prevalence of associated vascular abnormalities.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed thoracic computed tomography (CT) angiograms performed in our hospital in paediatric patients with congenital heart disease.

Exogenous alpha-lipoic acid treatments reduce the oxidative damage caused by drought stress in two grapevine rootstocks.

Drought represents the predominant and most critical abiotic stress challenge within the domain of viticulture, necessitating the identification and application of efficacious strategies to ameliorate its deleterious effects. In the contemporary realm of abiotic stress management, the deployment of α-lipoic acid (α-Lipo), known for its antioxidant capabilities, as an exogenous treatment has been investigated for mitigating various abiotic stresses in numerous plant species, yet a detailed exploration of its efficacy in alleviating drought stress in grapevines remains to be conclusively determined. This study aimed to elucidate the adaptive mechanisms against drought stress by examining the effects of different α-Lipo concentrations (0, 1, 25 and 50 μM) applied on the foliar under well-irrigated and drought conditions on American grapevine rootstocks '1103 P' (drought tolerant) and '3309 C' (drought sensitive).

Efficiency of zinc in alleviating cadmium toxicity in hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Ferdos).

Background: A study on photosynthetic and enzyme activity changes and mineral content in lettuce under cadmium stress has been conducted in a greenhouse, utilizing the modulated effect of zinc (Zn) application in the nutrient solution on lettuce. Zn is a micronutrient that plays an essential role in various critical plant processes. Accordingly, three concentrations of Zn (0.

Pollinator Diversity and Phenological Interplay: Exploring Mineral, Hormonal, Sugar, and Vitamin Contents in L. cv Bozcaada Çavuşu.

Unraveling the intricate physiological and biochemical intricacies associated with female dominance in grape berries across diverse developmental stages is imperative for optimizing grape production and ensuring the attainment of high-quality yields. This study conducted a thorough analysis of grape berries across phenological stages (BBCH-79, BBCH-81, BBCH-89) and cultivars. At BBCH-89, Bozcaada Çavuşu*Vasilâki demonstrated the highest berry weight and total soluble solids (TSS) levels, emphasizing its enological potential.

Role of silicon in alleviating boron toxicity and enhancing growth and physiological traits in hydroponically cultivated Zea mays var. Merit.

Background: Boron (B) is a micronutrient, but excessive levels can cause phytotoxicity, impaired growth, and reduced photosynthesis. B toxicity arises from over-fertilization, high soil B levels, or irrigation with B-rich water. Conversely, silicon (Si) is recognized as an element that mitigates stress and alleviates the toxic effects of certain nutrients.

Assessing the influence of autumnal temperature fluctuations on cold hardiness in different grapevine cultivars: variations across vine age and bud positions.

The dynamic fluctuations in autumn temperatures, particularly the marked diurnal variations and the subsequent precipitous drops are key and a pivotal role in viticulture, as they critically influence the acclimation process of grapevines to cold, thereby directly impacting their survival and productivity in cold-climate regions. In this comprehensive study, we investigated the cold hardiness of four grapevine cultivars: 'Itasca', 'Frontenac', 'La Crescent', and 'Marquette', focusing on how these cultivars and their individual buds (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) respond to fluctuating weather and low temperatures typical of autumn [-1.1°C (30°F) -9.

Riparian woody plant communities in the Romanian Carpathians: Species diversity and community structure of and communities.

Riparian woody plant communities, including shrubs and trees, are essential for maintaining biodiversity, protecting against floods, reducing erosion, and transporting nutrients. However, these habitats are greatly threatened by human activities, particularly agricultural land acquisition, and the introduction of invasive species. This study examined species diversity and interspecific association in riparian woody plant communities along rivers in the Romanian Carpathians.

Comparison of the sugar and organic acid components of seventeen table grape varieties produced in Ankara (Türkiye): a study over two consecutive seasons.

Sugars and organic acids not only have a significant impact on taste balance and sensory acceptance by consumers but also play a crucial role in the chemical equilibrium of grape juices and wines. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the content and composition of sugars and organic acids in 17 grape varieties over two consecutive years using high-performance liquid chromatography. The variability in all the parameters studied was strongly influenced by both the grape cultivars and specific years ( ≤ 0.

Enhancing drought, heat shock, and combined stress tolerance in Myrobalan 29C rootstocks with foliar application of potassium nitrate.

Background: Drought and heat stress are significant concerns to food security in arid and semi-arid regions, where global warming is predicted to increase both frequency and severity. To cope with these challenges, the use of drought-tolerant plants or technological interventions are essential. In this study, the effects of foliar potassium nitrate (KNO) application on the stress tolerance and recovery of Myrobalan 29C rootstocks (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.

Physico-Chemical Responses of Alstroemeria spp. cv. Rebecca to the presence of Salicylic Acid and Sucrose in vase solution during postharvest life.

Background: The primary challenge in the cut flower industry, specifically in the postharvest phase, is the short vase life of flowers. This issue, along with early leaf yellowing and perianth abscission, significantly diminishes the economic value of flowers due to their accelerated senescence. To tackle this, we conducted a factorial experiment on Alstroemeria cv.

Nano-silicone and Ascophyllum nodosum-based biostimulant down-regulates the negative effect of in vitro induced-salinity in Rosa damascena.

Background: Rosa damascena is extensively cultivated in various regions of Iran due to its aesthetic attributes, medicinal qualities, and essential oil production. This study investigated the efficacy of Ascophyllum nodosum extract (AnE) at concentrations of 0, 2, and 3 g L and Nano-silicon (nSiO) at concentrations of 0, 50, and 100 mg L in ameliorating the impact of salinity on two genotypes of Damask rose ('Chaharfasl' and 'Kashan') under in vitro culture conditions. Additionally, various physio-chemical characteristics of R.

In vitro assessment of physiological traits and ROS detoxification pathways involved in tolerance of Damask rose genotypes under salt stress.

Rosa damascena is one of the most important medicinal and ornamental plants in Iran which is tolerant of salinity to some extent. However, the selection of genotypes that are more tolerant to salinity will influence on Damask cultivation in salt stress-affected regions. For this purpose, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replicates was performed under in vitro conditions on four Damask rose genotypes (Atashi, Bi-Khar, Chahar-Fasl and Kashan) at 5 concentrations of NaCl (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM), and the physico-chemical traits were measured 14 and 28 days after treatment.

Selection and Molecular Characterization of Promising Plum Rootstocks ( L.) among Seedling-Origin Trees.

The plum ( Ehrh) has been used worldwide both as a genetic source for breeding new rootstocks and as clonal rootstock for many species. Considering situations where wild relatives of plums are endangered, in-depth characterization of rootstock traits of genetic diversity of plum germplasm of Turkey with many ecogeographical locations is crucial. In the present study, therefore, three steps were followed for the selection of rootstock candidates among the plum germplasm grown in the Middle Euphrates.

Remediation of Cadmium Stress in Strawberry Plants Using Humic Acid and Silicon Applications.

(1) Background: Strawberry plants are strongly affected by heavy-metal-contaminated soils, which affects plant growth, yield and fruit quality. The aim of this work was to study the effects of a combination and individual application of silicon (Si) and humic acid (HA) on growth and development of Rubygem strawberries exposed to cadmium (Cd) in greenhouse conditions. (2) Methods: Morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters, including minerals in roots and leaves were determined.

Changes in Biogenic Amines of Two Table Grapes (cv. Bronx Seedless and Italia) during Berry Development and Ripening.

Bronx Seedless and Italia ( L.) are a variety preferred by consumers owing to their exciting flavour and widely cultivated in Aegean Region in Turkey. The aim was to identify the biogenic amines of these table grapes during berry ripeness.

Exogenous Nitric Oxide and Silicon Applications Alleviate Water Stress in Apricots.

Many plants confront several environmental stresses including heat, water stress, drought, salinity and high-metal concentrations that are crucial in defining plant productivity at different stages of their life cycle. Nitric oxide (NO) and Silicon (Si) are very effective molecules related in most of them and in varied biochemical events that have proven to be protective during cellular injury caused by some stress conditions like water stress. In the current work, we studied the effect of Si and NO alone and NO + Si interactive application on the response of plants exposed to water deficiency and well-watered plants for the Milord apricot variety.