Comprehensive literature review of anomalies of the coronary arteries.

Coronary artery anomalies (CAA) are vanishingly rare, affecting less than 1% of the general population. While the majority of anomalies do not cause significant symptoms; those that do, have devastating outcomes on the patient. Seventeen percent of deaths from exercise is attributed to CAA, and over half of these present as sudden death making CAA the second most common cause of sudden cardiac death in individuals.