Arteriovenous malformation presenting as a lip swelling.

Key Clinical Message: Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are extremely rare on the face and especially on the lip. Lip can be more easily exposed to traumas due to their anatomical location. Especially superficial AV malformations are very susceptible to trauma and can bleed very seriously after being exposed to such effects.

Potential therapeutic effects of ethyl pyruvate and N-acetyl cysteine in an experimental rat model of corrosive esophageal.

Background And Study Aims: Esophageal burns due to ingestion of corrosive substances are frequently seen in both children and adults. However, there is no standard method of treatment to prevent associated mortality and morbidity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of known antioxidants, namely N-acetyl cysteine and ethyl pyruvate, on esophageal damage due to sodium hydroxide-induced corrosive burns.

The Diagnostic Value of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and signal peptide-CUB-EGF domain-containing protein-1 (SCUBE-1) in an Experimental Model of Strangulated Mechanical Bowel Obstruction.

Background: Mechanical bowel obstruction (MBO) is one of the principal pathologies requiring emergency surgery and a significant worldwide cause of morbidity. The identification of patients in whom bowel obstruction resolves spontaneously is important in terms of preventing unnecessary surgical interventions and future potential adhesions. The decision-making process is difficult in patients presenting without classic examination findings.

Developing Cricothyroidotomy Skills Using a Biomaterial-Covered Model.

Introduction: Cricothyroidotomy is an advanced and life-saving technique, but it is also a rare and a difficult procedure. The purpose of the present study was to produce a low-cost simulation model with realistic anatomic features to investigate its effectiveness in developing cricothyroidotomy skills.

Methods: This study was performed at a university simulation center with 57 second-year student paramedics and a cricothyroidotomy simulation model.

Comparison of the diagnostic values of vascular adhesion protein-1 and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein in the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic values of plasma levels of vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) for diagnosing acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI).

Methods: The study used a randomized, controlled experimental design. Forty-two female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three control groups and three ischemia groups.

A retrospective analysis of cases with neuroleptic malignant syndrome and an evaluation of risk factors for mortality.

Objective: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a neurological emergency rarely encountered in clinical practice but with a high mortality rate. Cases associated with atypical antipsychotic use or termination of dopamine agonists have been seen in recent years. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of risk factors for mortality by investigating all clinical and laboratory characteristics of cases with NMS.

Diagnostic Value of Plasma Pentraxin-3 in Acute Appendicitis.

Purpose: To measure serum PTX3 levels in patients admitted with right lower quadrant pain to emergency department and to investigate whether this parameter will be helpful for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted with a group of 89 patients over 17 years of age who were admitted with the complaint of right lower quadrant pain to ED and had a preliminary diagnosis of acute appendicitis clinically and the control group of 31 healthy volunteers in a tertiary university hospital for 3 months.

Results: Median PTX3 levels were 3.

The potential use of unmanned aircraft systems (drones) in mountain search and rescue operations.

Objective: This study explores the potential use of drones in searching for and locating victims and of motorized transportation of search and rescue providers in a mountain environment using a simulation model.

Methods: This prospective randomized simulation study was performed in order to compare two different search and rescue techniques in searching for an unconscious victim on snow-covered ground. In the control arm, the Classical Line Search Technique (CLT) was used, in which the search is performed on foot and the victim is reached on foot.

A novel method for improving chest tube insertion skills among medical interns. Using biomaterial-covered mannequin.

To develop a low-cost biomaterial-covered chest tube simulation model and assess its possible usefulness for developing the chest tube insertion skills among medical interns. Methods: This mannequin-based interventional study was performed in a University hospital setting. We included 63 physicians performing emergency medicine internship at the Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey, between January 2015 and March 2015.

The diagnostic value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in distinguishing between subarachnoid hemorrhage and migraine.

Objective: Migraine and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients present to emergency departments with the similar symptoms as headache, nausea, and vomiting. This study investigated whether the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could distinguish patients with SAH from those with migraine.

Methods: This retrospective study was performed after research ethics committee approval.

A retrospective analysis of nebulized versus intravenous fentanyl for renal colic.

Study Objective: To assess the effectiveness of nebulized fentanyl used for analgesia in renal colic.

Materials/methods: This research was planned as a randomized, blinded study in which prospectively collected data were analyzed retrospectively to compare nebulized and intravenous (iv) fentanyl therapies. Patients with renal colic with 'moderate' or worse pain on a four-point verbal pain score (VPS) or with pain of 20mm or above on a 100-mm visual analogue score (VAS) at time of presentation were randomized into iv fentanyl (n=62) or nebulized fentanyl (n=53) study groups.

The diagnostic value of serum pentraxin 3 levels in pulmonary contusion.

Purpose: To investigate the difference in pentraxin 3 (PTX 3) levels between patients with pulmonary contusion and healthy volunteers.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted with a group of 20 trauma patients diagnosed with pulmonary contusion and 30 healthy individuals enrolled as a control group in a tertiary university hospital.

Results: Median PTX 3 levels were 7.

A study to develop clinical decision rules for the use of radiography in wrist trauma: Karadeniz wrist rules.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with wrist trauma using physical examination findings and functional tests and to identify findings with high sensitivity and specificity among the parameters assessed in patients with fracture in the wrist. The ultimate objective was thus to establish a reliable and widely usable clinical decision rule for determining the necessity of radiography in wrist trauma.

Methods: This prospective, multicenter study was performed in 8 hospitals.

The High Risk of Contrast-induced Nephropathy in Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Embolism Despite Three Different Prophylaxis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The objective was to compare the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) plus normal saline (NS), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ) plus NS, and NS alone in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in emergency patients.

Methods: This study was planned as a randomized, controlled clinical research. Patients undergoing contrast-enhanced CTPA on suspicion of pulmonary embolism (PE) in the emergency department and with at least one risk factor for development of CIN were included in one of three different prophylaxis groups.

Effects of N-acetylcysteine and ethyl pyruvate on ischemia-reperfusion injury in experimental electrical burn model.

Objectives: This study was planned as a histopathologic evaluation of the effectiveness of ethyl pyruvate (EP) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in reducing electric burn-related organ damage in an experimental model.

Methods: Four groups of 7 female Wister rats were established. The first was a sham group, the second an electrical burn control group receiving 600 V, the third group received NAC therapy of 20 mg/kg 1 hour after 600 V electrical burn, and the fourth group received 50 mg/kg EP 1 hour after 600 V electrical burn.

The Diagnostic Value of Plasma SCUBE1, a Novel Biomarker of Platelet Activation, in Testicular Torsion: A Randomized, Controlled, Experimental Study.

Objective: To investigate the potential diagnostic value of plasma signal peptide, CUB (complement proteins C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1) domain, epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like 1 (SCUBE1) protein in experimentally induced testicular torsion (TT).

Materials And Methods: In this randomized, controlled, experimental study, 24 mature male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 2- and 4-hour control (groups I and III, respectively), and 2- and 4-hour torsion (groups II and IV, respectively) groups. Torsion was performed by rotating the left testis 720° clockwise and maintained by fixing the testis.

Determination of radiography requirement in wrist trauma.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate predetermined physical examination and function tests recommended to identify severe injury among patients presenting with wrist injury to the emergency department and to establish a reliable clinical decision rule capable of determining the need for radiography in wrist injuries.

Materials And Methods: This was a multicenter prospective derivation study of wrist injuries. All patients were assessed in terms of mechanism of trauma, inspection findings, heart rate, sensitivity at palpation, presence of pain with active movement, grasp strength, and functional tests using an examination form under main headings.

Cerebellitis developing after tricyclic antidepressant poisoning.

Acute cerebellitis is a rare inflammatory disease involving the cerebellum and is characterized by acute compromise of cerebellar functions. It most frequently originates from infectious causes, although cases of cerebellitis associated with other causes have also been reported. This report discusses a case of cerebellitis developing in a 4-year-old girl who had to be intubated after accidental ingestion of tricyclic antidepressant.

The predictive value of ischemia-modified albumin in long-term results of ischemia-reperfusion injury in an experimental testicular torsion model.

Objective: To establish the value of ischemia-modified albumin levels in the determination of the long-term results of testicular torsion/detorsion-associated ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: Eighteen mature male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 3 groups (n = 6 for each group): control, acute torsion/detorsion (T/D) group, and long-term T/D. In the control group, scrotal incision only was performed; in the acute T/D group, after 4 hours of torsion, detorsion was performed and maintained for 2 hours.

A wild wolf attack and its unfortunate outcome: rabies and death.

Wild animal attacks are potential occurrences in rural areas of Turkey. Wolf attacks, however, are rare this century, but there are many anecdotal reports from previous times. Attacks by wolves are generally directed against animals, such as cows and sheep, and for feeding purposes.

Ischemia-modified albumin levels in carbon monoxide poisoning.

Objectives: Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is an emerging diagnostic biomarker for many ischemic conditions. This study was conducted to investigate whether there is a change in IMA levels in carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and, if so, the clinical relevance of IMA levels.

Methods: This cohort study, performed between November 2008 and April 2009, compared the serum IMA levels of 33 CO-poisoned patients taken at the time of presentation at the emergency department and after 3 hours of treatment and 49 healthy controls.

Investigation of relationship between the D-dimer and ischemia-modified albumin levels with the radiological imaging-based pulmonary embolism severity score in acute pulmonary embolism.

Objective: To investigate possible relationship between the D-dimer and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels and radiological imaging-based severity scores in pulmonary embolism (PE) based on two different radiological characteristics; the pulmonary arterial obstruction index (PAOI) and the right ventricle/left ventricle (RV/LV) ratio.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, forty-seven patients presenting to the emergency department and definitively diagnosed with PE using spiral computerized tomography (CT) were initially enrolled in the study. Levels of IMA and D-dimer were assessed colorimetrical and immuno-turbidimetric methods, respectively.