Relationship between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: We investigated the relationship between serum bilirubin levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and the longitudinal effects of baseline serum bilirubin concentrations on MetS in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders undergoing atypical antipsychotics.

Methods: The sample of this study consisted of 131 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Waist circumference, blood pressure, and levels of triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, and insulin were evaluated at baseline and at month six.

Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy combined with long-acting risperidone in the treatment of resistant bipolar affective disorder.

Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy is used for refractory bipolar disorder. We present a middle-aged man with refractory bipolar disorder who was successfully treated with maintenance electroconvulsive therapy and long-acting risperidone.