Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for suspected adrenal mass in lung cancer: ganglioneuroma.

Background: Adrenalectomy is the gold standard for the treatment of primary adrenal ganglioneuroma. Preoperative differential diagnosis of ganglioneuroma is difficult and histopathologic examination is required to confirm the diagnosis.

Patient: A 61-year-old woman, who was followed and treated by the medical oncology department because of lung carcinoma pathology squamous cell T4N0Mx, presented to our clinic due to a 15×8-mm nodule with a calculated relative wash-out rate of 40% in the right adrenal gland lateral edge, which was observed on computed tomography examination.

Efficacy of levobupivacaine infiltration to nephrosthomy tract in combination with intravenous paracetamol on postoperative analgesia in percutaneous nephrolithotomy patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intraoperative local anesthetic infiltration in combination with intravenous paracetamol infusion on postoperative pain management in patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Patients And Methods: Sixty adult patients were randomized into three groups with 20 cases in each: Group SP, 20 mL saline was infiltrated through the whole nephrostomy tract intraoperatively and this was followed by intravenous paracetamol (4 × 1 g) infusion postoperatively; group LP, 20 mL of 0.25% levobupivacaine infiltration to the nephrostomy tract followed by intravenous paracetamol infusion; Group LS, 20 mL of 0.