Sequential immunotherapy and bevacizumab treatments in glioblastoma multiforme: A case series and review of the literature.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a tumor with a high refractory rate to immunotherapy and a low tumor mutational burden phenotype, leading to limited immunogenic neoantigens. The present study aimed to investigate the sequential use of immunotherapy and bevacizumab in patients with GBM, exploring the clinical outcomes and potential complications. Patients received various combinations of immunotherapy and bevacizumab after standard treatment, including surgery, radiotherapy and temozolomide.

HER2 Status in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Carcinomas: Evaluation of Histopathological Fingings, Paired ResectionBiopsy Specimens, and the Effect of Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Single Center Study.

Background/aims: Accurately determining the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status is crucial in identifying suitable candidates for targeted therapy in gastric cancer, considering the cost and potential side effects of anti-HER2 treatments. This study aimed to assess HER2 overexpression/amplification prevalence in gastric and gastroesophageal cancer patients, its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics, and the consistency of HER2 status between biopsy and radical specimens.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data from 667 specimens of 600 gastric/gastroesophageal cancer patients at Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine from 2012 to 2021.

Effects of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Fetal Cardiac Morphology.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the possible effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on fetal heart structure and the relationship of this effect with maternal blood sugar control.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 19 women with GDM at 24-36 weeks of gestation (case group) and 21 healthy pregnant women at the same weeks of gestation (control group) were examined. Fetal heart structure was evaluated by ultrasonography; interventricular septum (IVS) thickness, right and left ventricular sphericity indices, global sphericity index (GSI) and cardio-thoracic ratio were also measured.

Diagnosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using Deep Learning.

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) research, particularly in image processing technologies, have shown promising applications across various domains, including health care. There is a significant effort to use AI for the early diagnosis and detection of diseases, offering cost-effective and timely solutions to enhance patient outcomes. This study introduces a deep learning network aimed at analyzing pathology images for the accurate diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, specifically pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Inflammation-Associated Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Chronic Viral Hepatitis- Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the expression profile and prognostic significance of inflammation-associated lncRNAs in chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) and CVH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (CVH-HCC).

Material And Methods: In the first step, lncRNA expression analysis was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using an array panel of 84 inflammation-associated lncRNAs in 48 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples (12 CVH-HCC, 12 peritumoral cirrhotic parenchyma, 12 nontumoral cirrhotic CVH parenchyma, 12 normal liver samples). In the second step, 7 lncRNAs (DLEU2, HOTAIR, LINC00635, LINC00662, RP11-549J18.

Congenital malformation in green turtle embryos and hatchlings.

Successful embryonic development depends on the interaction between genetic factors and environmental variables. Congenital malformations in sea turtles can result from extreme conditions during the incubation period, reducing hatching success and potentially impeding population recovery. We aimed to characterize the congenital malformations found in green turtle nests, determine their prevalence and severity, and understand their drivers during the 2022 nesting season on Samandağ beach on northern Mediterranean nesting beaches.

lncRNA XIST Interacts with Regulatory T Cells within the Tumor Microenvironment in Chronic Hepatitis B-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: Alterations in the expression of several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown in chronic hepatitis B-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (CHB-HCC). Here, we aimed to investigate the association between the expression of inflammation-associated lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) and the type of inflammatory cells within the tumor microenvironment.

Material And Methods: Twenty-one consecutive cirrhotic patients with CHB-HCC were included.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis: Questions, Answers, and Illustrative Cases: Endorsed by Autoimmune Liver Diseases Special Interest Group, Turkish Association for the Study of Liver.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare, immune-mediated liver disease. It has a heterogeneous nature with varied clinical presentations. The management of patients with AIH is challenging in many ways.

Complications and Long-Term Outcomes in Adult Patients Undergoing Living Donor Liver Transplantation Because of Fulminant Hepatitis.

Background: The present study investigates the complications that may occur during long-term follow-up in patients aged 18 years and older undergoing living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in our clinic because of fulminant hepatitis.

Methods: The study included patients aged 18 years and older with a minimum survival of 6 months who underwent an LDLT between June 2000 and June 2017. The demographic data of the patients were evaluated in terms of late-term complications.

Diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging in preoperative local staging of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting the pathologic stage of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and the role of MRI in selecting patients with a pathologic complete response (ypCR).

Methods: Restaging MRI (yMRI) examinations of 136 patients with LARC treated with neoadjuvant CRT followed by surgery were retrospectively analyzed by two radiologists. All examinations were performed on a 1.

The Prognostic Significance of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Pancreatobiliary Cancer.

Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells which separate from the primary tumor and enter systemic circulation. In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between CTCs isolated and identified from the peripheral blood of patients with pancreatobiliary cancer, with the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients and their overall survival.

Methods: A total of 21 patients were included the study.

Endoscopic and histological characteristics of small bowel tumors diagnosed by double-balloon enteroscopy.

Background/aims: Double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) allows for the diagnoses and treatment of small bowel tumors (SBTs). This study aimed to evaluate the utility of DBE for the diagnosis and treatment of SBTs.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with SBTs who underwent DBE were included in this study.

The Site of Lymph Node Metastasis: A Significant Prognostic Factor in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Objective: While the presence and number of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) are important prognostic factors for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), there is no recommendation to specify metastatic regional LN localization in the current staging system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic effect of regional metastatic LN localizations in PDAC.

Material And Method: Metastatic sites of 101 consecutive PDAC patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy were classified as peripancreatic, perigastric, hepatica communis, hepatoduodenal, and superior mesenteric artery.

Tumoral and Parenchymal Morphological Assessment in Liver Metastases of Colorectal Carcinoma: Micrometastasis, Peritumoral Lymphocytes, Tumor Budding and Differentiation are Potential Prognostic Factors.

Various potential prognostic histopathologic factors for colorectal carcinoma liver metastasis have been proposed. However, there is still no consensus on pathological reporting of colorectal carcinoma liver metastasis resection materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between selected tumoral and parenchymal histopathologic features and prognostic factors for better characterization and prognostic prediction of the patients with colorectal carcinoma liver metastasis.

Peritumoral histopathologic findings in patients with chronic viral hepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Data on peritumoral histopathologic findings in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the peritumoral histopathologic changes in patients with chronic viral hepatitis (CVH)-associated HCC (CVH-HCC) and their prognostic value. 61 consecutive cirrhotic patients who underwent liver transplantation due to CVH-HCC were included.

Evaluation of colon mucosa using screening colonoscopy and flexible spectral imaging color enhancement in patients with long lasting ulcerative colitis.

Aim: To determine which flexible spectral imaging color enhancement (FICE) channel best visualizes colon mucosa in ulcerative colitis (UC) and to compare FICE imaging with standard imaging.

Methods: The study enrolled patients with ulcerative colitis in remission who had inflammatory bowel disease for at least 8 years. All patients underwent screening colonoscopy.

Reconsideration of Clinicopathologic Prognostic Factors in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors for Better Determination of Adverse Prognosis.

The question of how successful we are in predicting pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNET) with poor prognosis has not been fully answered yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of clinicopathological features on prognosis and to determine their validity in prediction of prognosis and whether a better prognostic classification can be made. Fifty-six patients who underwent pancreatic resection for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor were included.

Investigation of Cytomegalovirus in Intestinal Tissue in a Country With High CMV Seroprevalence.

Background: In Turkey, cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity has been reported to be high, between 85 and 100%. CMV has been responsible for disease exacerbation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to evaluate the presence of CMV in intestinal tissue by immunohistochemical staining in IBD and non-IBD patient groups, in a country with high CMV seroprevalence.

20-year experience on prenatal diagnosis in a reference university medical genetics center in Turkey.

Background/aim: Although cutting edge procedures such as cell-free fetal DNA isolation from maternal blood are now available, invasive prenatal tests are still being used extensively for prenatal diagnosis. The study aims to evaluate the demographic data, indications, and cytogenetic results of 9297 results of patients who underwent prenatal invasive testing for genetic analysis that were referred for the last 20 years in a University Medical Genetics Center.

Materials And Methods: The records of 8363 amniocenteses, 626 chorionic villus, and 308 cordocenteses samples were retrospectively evaluated and analyzed regarding referral reasons, indications and their cytogenetic results.

Hepatocellular adenomas in the Turkish population: reclassification according to updated World Health Organization criteria.

Aims: Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is an uncommon liver neoplasm, and studies of HCA subtypes have been primarily limited to France, the USA, and Japan. The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathological features of HCA subtypes in Turkey.

Methods And Results: The resection specimens of 59 cases diagnosed as 'hepatocellular adenoma' collected from 15 institutions were reviewed to confirm the diagnosis and to classify them according to the current World Health Organization 2019 classification.

Prediction of success of uterus-preserving management in women with placenta accreta spectrum (CON-PAS score): A multicenter international study.

Objective: To create a model for prediction of success of uterine-preserving procedures in women with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).

Methods: PAS-ID is a multicenter study that included 11 centers from 9 countries. Women with PAS, who were managed between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019, were retrospectively included.

Outcomes of antenatally diagnosed fetal cardiac tumors: a 10-year experience at a single tertiary referral center.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical and perinatal outcomes along with ultrasonographic characteristics of fetuses with a cardiac tumor.

Methods: The data were obtained retrospectively between January 2010 and December 2019 in a tertiary referral center. The Cardiovascular Profile Score (CVPS) was used for the diagnosis of heart failure.

Molecular characteristics of colorectal hyperplastic polyp subgroups.

Background/aims: The importance of hyperplastic polyps during colorectal carcinogenesis is appreciated related to the understanding of serrated pathway. The morphologic subtypes of hyperplastic polyps in carcinogenesis and the nomenculature of lesions with both hyperplastic and adenomatous areas are controversial. We aimed to reveal the molecular properties of hyperplastic polyp subtypes and the molecular changes in polyps containing both hyperplastic and adenomatous areas.

Comparison of indications and results of prenatal invasive diagnostic tests before and after the implementation of the use of cell-free fetal DNA: a tertiary referral center experience.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to compare the changes in the number, yield, and the percentage of karyotyping indications of the invasive prenatal diagnostic tests between the periods before and after cell-free fetal DNA was introduced to clinical use.

Method: The number of invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures such as amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling, indication percentages and karyotype results in the periods before (January 1, 2009-December 31, 2010), (n = 1412) and after (January 1, 2016-December 31, 2017), and (n = 593) the introduction of cell-free fetal DNA was retrospectively evaluated.

Results: When compared with the period before cell-free fetal DNA came into clinical use, the number of invasive prenatal diagnostic tests decreased by 58% while their yield was found to have increased (4.