Purification, characterization, optimization, and docking simulation of alkaline protease produced by Brevibacillus agri SAR25 using fish wastes as a substrate.

Recycling of protein-rich environmental wastes and obtaining more valuable products from these recycled products is a topic of interest for researchers. This study aims to produce, purify, and characterize the physicochemical and structural properties of the protease enzyme produced from Brevibacillus agri SAR25 using salmon fish waste as substrate and also to evaluate the effect of protease on the chicken feather, enzyme-ligand interactions, and active site surface area. The production of protease was optimum on 50 g/L fish waste, pH 8, 40 °C, 96 h, and 150 rpm.

The integrated stress response drives MET oncogene overexpression in cancers.

Cancer cells rely on invasive growth to survive in a hostile microenvironment; this growth is characterised by interconnected processes such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and migration. A master regulator of these events is the MET oncogene, which is overexpressed in the majority of cancers; however, since mutations in the MET oncogene are seen only rarely in cancers and are relatively infrequent, the mechanisms that cause this widespread MET overexpression remain obscure. Here, we show that the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of MET mRNA harbours two functional stress-responsive elements, conferring translational regulation by the integrated stress response (ISR), regulated by phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) at serine 52.

A Study on Gambling Behavior in Türkiye: Perceptions, Attitudes, Thoughts, and Behaviors Toward Gambling.

Background: The aim of this quantitative study conducted with 5008 individuals aged 15 and above in 12 provinces across Turkey was to determine the prevalence and significant variables of gambling behavior in our country and to examine the gambling behaviors, perceptions, thoughts, and attitudes of this population towards gambling. The goal is to generate concrete, original, culturally sensitive, feasible, and effective recommendations for preventive and risk-reducing policies. It is the first and only comprehensive investigation into gambling behavior in Turkey, offering guidance in this field.

Trastuzumab Rechallenge in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Promising Strategy for Enhanced Progression-Free Survival Post Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine Progression.

: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC), particularly the HER2-positive subtype, represents a significant clinical challenge, with approximately 20-25% of breast cancer cases demonstrating HER2 overexpression. Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting HER2, has significantly improved outcomes in these patients. However, progression after second-line treatments such as trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) necessitates exploring subsequent therapeutic options.

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Air Pollutants and Emergency Department Admissions with Childhood Asthma.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the number of visits to a pediatric emergency department due to asthma attacks and air pollutants.

Methods: In this ecological study, all pediatric patients who visited the pediatric emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Istanbul with asthma between January 2016 and December 2023 were included. The effect of air pollution on the number of patient visits was analyzed using a negative binomial regression model.

Obesity after Natural disasters and Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review.

Background: Natural disasters occur unexpectedly, leading to long-term consequences like obesity. That contributes to various noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. This review aimed to examine the link between natural disasters and obesity, along with related risk factors.

S-Sulfocysteine's toxic effects on HT-22 cells are not triggered by glutamate receptors, nor do they involve apoptotic or genotoxicity mechanisms.

S-Sulfocysteine (SSC) is a metabolite derived from the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids. It has been implicated in neurotoxicity observed in children with sulfite oxidase deficiency. The aim of our study was to confirm the neurotoxic effects of SSC using a mouse hippocampal cell line (HT-22) and to investigate the role of apoptosis in these effects, especially in terms of caspase-3 activation and genotoxicity.

Sex differences in clinical and polysomnographic features of obstructive sleep apnea: The Turkish sleep apnea database (TURKAPNE) cohort.

Background: Previous reports from relatively small clinical cohorts have suggested that the clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) differs between men and women.

Objective: We aimed to explore sex differences in clinical and polysomnographic features of OSA in a large nationwide registry.

Methods: Participants from the ongoing Turkish Sleep Apnea Database (TURKAPNE) Study from 34 centers were included in the current analysis.

Clinical Significance of Coronary Artery Tortuosity in Chronic Coronary Syndrome and Stable Angina: Insights from Gensini Scores.

Objective: This study investigated the clinical significance of coronary artery tortuosity (CAT) in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) using Gensini scores.

Method: This retrospective single-center study involved 388 patients undergoing coronary angiography for chest pain, excluding those with acute coronary syndromes or prior coronary interventions. Demographic, clinical, and angiographic data were collected and categorized based on the presence or absence of CAT.

Turkish Society of Gastroenterology: Pancreas Working Group, Acute Pancreatitis Committee Consensus Report.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a clinical condition that arises acutely in the pancreas through various inflammatory pathways due to multiple causes. Turkish Society of Gastroenterology Pancreas Working Group developed comprehensive guidance statements regarding the management of AP that include its epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, disease severity, treatment, prognosis, local and systemic complications. The statements were developed through literature review, deliberation, and consensus opinion.

Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of ovarian torsion: insights into diagnostic features.

Purpose: We aimed to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of adnexal torsion, additional radiological findings and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements of the affected and non-affected ovaries.

Methods: We retrospectively examined the MRI of 34 torsed adnexa of 34 cases. We specifically examined the peripherally displaced follicle sign, stromal edema, lack of stromal contrast enhancement, follicular rim sign, T2 hypointense rim sign, uterine deviation, adnexal displacement, whirlpool sign, T2 hypointense dot sign, and tubal thickening.

Assessment of trochanteric vascularity using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in a cadaveric model.

Purpose: Few studies have assessed trochanteric vascularity despite its implications for bone healing and surgical approaches. This study aimed to assess the regional arterial contributions of the medial femoral circumflex artery (MFCA) versus the lateral femoral circumflex artery (LFCA) to trochanteric vascularity.

Methods: Ten adult human cadaveric pelvises to mid-femur specimens were obtained.

Prospective and External Validation of Machine Learning Models for Short- and Long-Term Mortality in Acutely Admitted Patients Using Blood Tests.

: Predicting mortality in emergency departments (EDs) using machine learning models presents challenges, particularly in balancing simplicity with performance. This study aims to develop models that are both simple and effective for predicting short- and long-term mortality in ED patients. Our approach uses a minimal set of variables derived from one single blood sample obtained at admission.

Decoding the epigenetics and chromatin loop dynamics of androgen receptor-mediated transcription.

Androgen receptor (AR)-mediated transcription plays a critical role in development and prostate cancer growth. AR drives gene expression by binding to thousands of cis-regulatory elements (CRE) that loop to hundreds of target promoters. With multiple CREs interacting with a single promoter, it remains unclear how individual AR bound CREs contribute to gene expression.

Evaluation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and mean platelet volume levels in pediatric keratoconus patients.

Purpose: To examine the level of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in the pediatric patient group with keratoconus.

Methods: Patients aged 5-18 years with a diagnosis of keratoconus followed by the corneal department and children in the similar age group who were determined as controls were included in the study. Their topographies were evaluated.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Nivolumab in Metastatic Lung Cancer Among Patients Aged 65 and Older.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, predominantly affecting older individuals. Despite the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) like nivolumab in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the efficacy and safety in elderly patients, particularly those aged 65 and above, remain underexplored due to their underrepresentation in clinical trials. This retrospective study analyzed data from 60 elderly patients (≥65 years) with metastatic NSCLC who received nivolumab as second-line or later therapy between January 2020 and May 2023.

Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies.

Background And Objectives: Women with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at risk of disease reactivation in the early postpartum period. Ocrelizumab (OCR) is an anti-CD20 therapy highly effective at reducing MS disease activity. Data remain limited regarding use of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), including OCR, and disease activity during peripregnancy periods.

Clinical and Prognostic Characteristics in Childhood Osteosarcoma: A Single-Center Experience in Türkiye.

In our study, we aimed to share the clinical experiences of our center regarding osteosarcoma cases, the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. With approval from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of our center, the data of 59 pediatric patients who were followed up in our center with the diagnosis of osteosarcoma between 2007 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. The mean time between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 3 months.

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 10A mitigates neuronal injury by modulating apoptotic pathways in cold-induced traumatic brain injury.

Brain injury develops from a complex series of pathophysiological phases, resulting in acute necrotic or delayed apoptotic cell death after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Inhibition of apoptotic cell death is critical for the treatment of acute neurodegenerative disorders, such as TBI. Here, we investigated the role of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) in the development of neuronal injury, particularly in apoptotic cell death.