Post-mastectomy radiation therapy after breast reconstruction: from historic dogmas to practical expert agreements based on a large literature review of surgical and radiation therapy considerations.

Breast reconstruction (BR) after mastectomy is important to consider for a woman's body image enhancement and psychological well-being. Although post-mastectomy radiation (PMRT) significantly improves the outcome of patients with high-risk breast cancer (BC), PMRT after BR may affect cosmetic outcomes and may compromise the original goal of improving quality of life (QoL). With the lack of practical guidelines, it seems essential to work on a consensus and provide some "expert agreements" to offer patients the best option for PMRT after BR.

Evaluation of enzyme activity predictions for variants of unknown significance in Arylsulfatase A.

Continued advances in variant effect prediction are necessary to demonstrate the ability of machine learning methods to accurately determine the clinical impact of variants of unknown significance (VUS). Towards this goal, the ARSA Critical Assessment of Genome Interpretation (CAGI) challenge was designed to characterize progress by utilizing 219 experimentally assayed missense VUS in the () gene to assess the performance of community-submitted predictions of variant functional effects. The challenge involved 15 teams, and evaluated additional predictions from established and recently released models.

Engineering Vacancies for the Creation of Antisite Defects in Chemical Vapor Deposition Grown Monolayer MoS and WS via Proton Irradiation.

It is critical to understand the laws of quantum mechanics in transformative technologies for computation and quantum information science applications to enable the ongoing second quantum revolution calls. Recently, spin qubits based on point defects have gained great attention, since these qubits can be initiated, selectively controlled, and read out with high precision at ambient temperature. The major challenge in these systems is controllably generating multiqubit systems while properly coupling the defects.

Benchmarking the accuracy of structure-based binding affinity predictors on Spike-ACE2 deep mutational interaction set.

Since the start of COVID-19 pandemic, a huge effort has been devoted to understanding the Spike (SARS-CoV-2)-ACE2 recognition mechanism. To this end, two deep mutational scanning studies traced the impact of all possible mutations across receptor binding domain (RBD) of Spike and catalytic domain of human ACE2. By concentrating on the interface mutations of these experimental data, we benchmarked six commonly used structure-based binding affinity predictors (FoldX, EvoEF1, MutaBind2, SSIPe, HADDOCK, and UEP).

The impact of AI-based modeling on the accuracy of protein assembly prediction: Insights from CASP15.

In CASP15, 87 predictors submitted around 11 000 models on 41 assembly targets. The community demonstrated exceptional performance in overall fold and interface contact predictions, achieving an impressive success rate of 90% (compared to 31% in CASP14). This remarkable accomplishment is largely due to the incorporation of DeepMind's AF2-Multimer approach into custom-built prediction pipelines.

Comperative evaluation of the current and new design miniplate fixation techniques of the advanced sagittal split ramus osteotomy using three-dimensional finite element analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress occurring in the fixation systems both developed in various geometric designs for this study and currently used in sagittal split ramus advancement osteotomy using finite element analysis.

Material And Methods: The finite element model that imitates three-dimensional sagittal split advancement osteotomy was fixed in 10 different miniplate fixation methods: one miniplate fixed with four monocortical screws in a horizontal and oblique pattern; four-hole two miniplates with eight monocortical screws; five-hole miniplate fixed with four monocortical and one bicortical screws; six-hole straight and curved miniplates fixed with six monocortical screws in different geometric designs. Unilateral masticatory muscle loads that have previously determined in the literature were applied to the model at the anatomical muscle attachment regions and the data obtained from finite element analysis and static linear analysis methods were recorded as Von mises, maximum principle and minimum principle stress values.

mutations associated with neurodevelopmental disorder are located on a short amino acid stretch of the anticodon-binding domain.

Majority of 37 human aminoacyl tRNA synthetases have been incriminated in diverse, mostly recessive, genetic diseases. In accordance with this, we uncovered a novel homozygous valyl-tRNA synthetase 1 () gene variant, leading to p.T1068M mutation.

The Impact of AI-Based Modeling on the Accuracy of Protein Assembly Prediction: Insights from CASP15.

In CASP15, 87 predictors submitted around 11,000 models on 41 assembly targets. The community demonstrated exceptional performance in overall fold and interface contact prediction, achieving an impressive success rate of 90% (compared to 31% in CASP14). This remarkable accomplishment is largely due to the incorporation of DeepMind's AF2-Multimer approach into custom-built prediction pipelines.

Molecular Mechanism of Nucleosome Recognition by the Pioneer Transcription Factor Sox.

Pioneer transcription factors (PTFs) have the remarkable ability to directly bind to chromatin to stimulate vital cellular processes. In this work, we dissect the universal binding mode of Sox PTF by combining extensive molecular simulations and physiochemistry approaches, along with DNA footprinting techniques. As a result, we show that when Sox consensus DNA is located at the solvent-facing DNA strand, Sox binds to the compact nucleosome without imposing any significant conformational changes.

Validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis in the evaluation of body composition in patients with breast cancer.

Background: The evaluation of body composition is an essential parameter for preventing obesity and sarcopenic obesity, which are prognostic factors in breast cancer. This study aims to validate the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of women who are breast cancer survivors by using the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurement method.

Methods: This validation study included 104 women without metastasis between 32 and 72 years old (mean 47.

The Effects of Perceived Stigma on the Concealment of Disease and Satisfaction with Life in Patients with Epilepsy: An Example in Eastern Turkey.

Background: Stigma and exclusion are common features of epilepsy in both developed and developing countries, and they cause a significant burden associated with the condition. At the same time, although it varies from country to country depending on cultural differences and economic conditions, having epilepsy causes significant social consequences.

Objective: This study was conducted to examine the effects of perceived stigma on the concealment of disease and satisfaction with life in patients with epilepsy living in the east of Turkey.

Novel biallelic variants affecting the OTU domain of the gene OTUD6B associate with severe intellectual disability syndrome and molecular dynamics simulations.

Intellectual developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies, seizures, and distal limb anomalies (IDDFSDA) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder caused by compound heterozygous or homozygous variants in the gene OTUD6B. Herein, we describe novel pathogenic compound heterozygous variants in OTUD6B identified via whole-exome sequencing in an index case exhibited the severe IDDFSDA phenotype. The potential pathogenicity of the novel frameshift and missense variants in the index case was investigated using in silico tools.

Are there any changes in mothers' attitudes? Analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on child-rearing attitudes.

The present study aims to examine the impact of the time spent by mothers at home with their children during the quarantine period that was implemented due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the mothers' child-rearing attitudes, taking into consideration some variables and the experiences of mothers. The study was designed using embedded mixed design, in which qualitative and quantitative research methods were used together. The quantitative research group consisted of 673 mothers and the qualitative research group consisted of 16 mothers.

Assessment of the CASP14 assembly predictions.

In CASP14, 39 research groups submitted more than 2500 3D models on 22 protein complexes. In general, the community performed well in predicting the fold of the assemblies (for 80% of the targets), although it faced significant challenges in reproducing the native contacts. This is especially the case for the complexes without whole-assembly templates.

Enrichment of naturally occurring radionuclides and trace elements in Yatagan and Yenikoy coal-fired thermal power plants, Turkey.

Coal, residues and waste produced by the combustion of the coal contain naturally occurring radionuclides such as U, Ra, Pb, Th and K and trace elements such as Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni and Zn. In this work, coal and its combustion residues collected from Yatagan and Yenikoy coal fired thermal power plants (CPPs) in Turkey were studied to determine the concentrations of natural radionuclides and trace elements, and their enrichments factors to better understand the radionuclide concentration processes within the combustion system. In addition, the utilization of coal fly ash as a secondary raw material in building industry was also studied in terms of radiological aspects.

Investigation of novel pharmacological chaperones for Gaucher Disease.

Beta-Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) is a lysosomal protein that is responsible for the hydrolysis of glycosylceramide into glucose and ceramide. Mutations in GBA lead to the accumulation of glycosylceramide in the lysosome causing an enlargement of the spleen and the liver and skeletal deformations. This disease is called Gaucher Disease.

Pb-210 and Po-210 atmospheric releases via fly ash from oil shale-fired power plants.

During high temperature processes in the furnace volatile and semi-volatile elements and radionuclides are partially emitted to the environment, depending on their chemical form in the original fuel, the technological set-up of the combustion system, and the prevailing combustion conditions. Two of the world's largest oil shale-fired power plants (PPs) have been operational in Estonia from the 1960s, during which time creation of significant environmental emissions and waste containing naturally occurring radionuclides has occurred. Pb-210 and Po are considered natural radionuclides with the highest emission rates from PPs and possess elevated potential radiation exposure risks to humans and the environment.

Could Calcified Triglyceride Bone Cement Be an Alternative Graft Material in Maxillary Sinus Augmentation?

The ideal graft material for maxillary sinus augmentation is still a matter of controversy and the search for a more appropriate bone substitute for use continues. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone formation as a sign of the regeneration following maxillary sinus augmentation in rabbits using 3 different biomaterials, one of which is a newly developed graft material; calcified triglyceride bone cement (CTBC).Twenty-one New Zealand rabbits were used and randomly divided into 3 groups.

Finite Element Evaluation of Different Osteosynthesis Variations That Used After Segmental Mandibular Resection.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different reconstruction plates and screw combinations on stress distribution of segmental resected mandibles using finite element analysis.

Methods: Lateral (L) and lateral-central (LC) defects were simulated by a computer aided design modeling. The straight (s) and angular (a) titanium locking reconstruction plates of 2.

Behaviour mechanisms and correlation between lead (Pb) and its isotope (210)Pb in industrial residue as an indicator for waste characterization.

Total lead and (210)Pb concentrations were determined in various ash fractions (collected from two of the world's largest oil shale-fired power plants) by inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) and gamma spectrometry. Results show a clear increase in total lead (values up to 193 ppm in filter ashes) and (210)Pb (values up to 148 Bq kg(-1) in filter ashes) concentrations in the ash fractions from the furnace towards the filter ashes. A strong positive linear correlation (Pearson's bivariate correlation remained between 0.

Arteriovenous malformations in the differential diagnosis of palatal swellings.

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is composed of abnormal communications between arteries and veins without the normal intervening capillary bed. AVM of the head and neck is a rare vascular anomaly. We present here an unusual case of AVM with the size of 4x3 cm at the left posterior palatal area.

A practical approach for the correction of iatrogenic penile skin loss in children: Scrotal embedding technique.

The aim of this particular study is to determine the efficacy of scrotal embedding technique in children with overly deficient penile shaft skin, which takes advantage of the rich vascular supply of the scrotal layers and provides adequate tissue coverage. We give the operative and clinical details of two consecutive cases for which we preferred scrotal embedding technique to replace deficient penile skin. The mean operative time for the first and second stages was 72.

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus reactivation following maxillary sinus lift operation: A case report.

Purpose: To present a case of Herpes Zoster Ophtalmicus (HZO), which was reactivated postoperatively after a sinus lift operation.

Materials And Methods: A 39-year-old male was referred to our clinic for implant-supported dental rehabilitation. He had maxillary missing teeth in positions 13, 14, 15 and 16 and a pneumatised right maxillary sinus with a bone height of 2 mm.

Deep neck infection after third molar extraction.

Odontogenic and oropharyngeal infections are relatively common in the cervicofacial region. In rare cases, odontogenic or peritonsillar abscesses may spread through the deep fascial cervical spaces and cause life-threatening complications. Odontogenic infection is the most common cause of deep neck infections and it accounts for 43% of the cases.

Diagnosis of periodontal diseases using different classification algorithms: a preliminary study.

Objective: The purpose of the proposed study was to develop an identification unit for classifying periodontal diseases using support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), and artificial neural networks (ANNs).

Materials And Methods: A total of 150 patients was divided into two groups such as training (100) and testing (50). The codes created for risk factors, periodontal data, and radiographically bone loss were formed as a matrix structure and regarded as inputs for the classification unit.