Time-Kill Kinetics and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of Non-fumigatus Aspergillus Species Isolated from Patients with Ocular Mycoses.

Aspergillus species can cause ocular morbidity and blindness, and thus, appropriate antifungal therapy is needed. We investigated the in vitro activity of itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, caspofungin, anidulafungin, and amphotericin B against 14 Aspergillus isolates obtained from patients with ocular mycoses, using the CLSI reference broth microdilution methodology. In addition, time-kill assays were performed, exposing each isolate separately to 1-, 4-, and 16-fold concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each antifungal agent.

Ultrasonography Findings in Eyes With Stage 5 Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Background And Objective: To evaluate ultrasonography outcomes in eyes with stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Patients And Methods: Patients with bilateral stage 5 ROP were evaluated retrospectively. Ultrasonography examination was performed in all cases.

Infrequent Production of Xanthomegnin by Fungal Strains Recovered from Patients with Ocular Mycoses.

Mycotoxins are putative virulence factors of fungi that play an important role in the pathogenesis of fungal infections. Mycotoxin production has been used as a diagnostic marker for the early diagnosis of fungal diseases. Using high-performance liquid chromatography, we investigated whether the fungal strains recovered from eye tissue samples obtained from patients with ocular mycoses produced the mycotoxin xanthomegnin.

Insecticide imidacloprid influences cognitive functions and alters learning performance and related gene expression in a rat model.

The potential toxic effects of several pesticides, including imidacloprid on non-target organisms have not been clearly established. Also, the chronic effects of non-toxic doses on cognitive function in mammals are unknown. In this study, the effects of different doses of imidacloprid on learning and memory of infant and adult rats were evaluated, and the expressions of genes synthesizing proteins known to be associated with learning in brain tissues were also documented.

Analysis of CASP8 D302H Gene Variants in Patients with Primary Brain Tumors.

Background: Alteration in cell-cycle control and apoptosis pathways play important roles in tumorigenesis. Caspase-8 (CASP8) is a member of the cysteine protease family, that is implicated in apoptosis regulation. The present study was designed to investigate the possible role of CASP8 D302H gene polymorphism in the tumor development.

The impact of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on citalopram metabolism in patients with major depressive disorder.

What Is Known And Objective: Genetic variations in drug-metabolizing enzyme genes change drug pharmacokinetics and response. CYP2C19 is a clinically important enzyme that metabolizes citalopram (CIT). The objective of this study was to determine CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms and to evaluate the impact of these polymorphisms on the metabolism of citalopram in a sample of the Turkish population.

THE EFFICIENCY OF ULTRASOUND ELASTOGRAPHY IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THYROID NODULES.

Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of ultrasound elastography (USE) in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Methods: One hundred thyroid nodules in 100 patients (79 females, 21 males, age range 18-78; mean age = 45.6 years) were evaluated with real-time freehand USE, using Hitachi EUB 7500 equipment and elasticity scores were obtained.

The effects of some avermectins on bovine carbonic anhydrase enzyme.

Avermectins are effective agricultural pesticides and antiparasitic agents that are widely employed in the agricultural, veterinary and medical fields. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of selected avermectins including abamectin, doramectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin and moxidectin that are used as drugs against a wide variety of internal and external mammalian parasites, on the carbonic anhydrase enzyme (CA, EC 4.2.

Children with breakthrough varicella infection requiring hospitalization in Turkey (VARICOMP Study 2008-2013).

Introduction: Varicella in previously immunized individuals, known as "breakthrough varicella". While the majority of breakthrough cases are mild, some may be severe, requiring hospitalization in previously healthy children or children with an underlying condition.

Methods: This report, as a part of the prospective national pediatric varicella hospitalizations study (including 29 centers, represent 50% of pediatric population) in Turkey, is aimed to evaluate breakthrough varicella infection requiring hospitalization before the routine use of single-dose live varicella vaccine in national program from 2008 to 2013 (<10% of the pediatric age group received a single-dose vaccine).

A compendium of expression patterns of cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes in the mouse embryo.

Cholesterol and its biosynthetic pathway intermediates and derivatives are required for many developmental processes including membrane biogenesis, transmembrane receptor signaling, steroid biogenesis, nuclear receptor activation, and posttranslational modification of hedgehog (Hh) proteins. To perform such multifaceted tasks depends on stringent regulation of expression of cholesterol biosynthetic enzymes (CBEs). We established for a whole organism, for the first time, the 3D expression pattern of all genes required for cholesterol biosynthesis (CBS), starting from acetyl-CoA and ending with cholesterol.

Rahnella aquatilis Sepsis in a Premature Newborn.

Rahnella aquatilis is an infrequently isolated Gram-negative rod within the Enterobacteriaceae family. The organism's natural habitat is water. The organism is rarely isolated from clinical specimens and it seldom causes infection in immunocompetent individuals.

Difficulties experienced during preparation and administration of oral drugs.

Aim: It was aimed to determine the difficulties experienced by pediatric nurses working in the wards of a university hospital during preparation and administration of drugs and to determine solution recommendations.

Material And Methods: One hundred and eight nurses who accepted to participate in the study constituted the sample of the study. Open-ended questions were asked in order to obtain detailed information about the attitudes and views of the participants and face to face interview was used.

Magical ideation associated social cognition in adolescents: signs of a negative facial affect recognition deficit.

Background: Studies provide evidence for impaired social cognition in schizotypy and its association with negative symptoms. Cognitive features related to magical ideation - a component of the positive dimension of schizotypy - have been less investigated. We aimed to assess social cognitive functioning among adolescents with high magical ideation scores, mainly focusing on face and emotion recognition.

A different technique for the closure of trocar sites.

Unlabelled: This study aims to present a different technique for the closure of trocar sites in laparoscopic surgeries.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective records of cases who received the new closure technique were collected. Multifilament synthetic absorbable suture was used in this technique, with no additional tools.

Prospective evaluation of the renal morphology and vascular resistance in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Aims: To evaluate renal morphology, prevalence of urinary stone disease, renal perfusion and resistance to renal blood flow in patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS).

Material And Methods: Thirty-eight patients diagnosed with AS and with normal basal renal functions, together with 38 healthy individuals matched in terms of age, sex, blood lipid profile and body mass index, were included. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, creatinine and glucose levels were measured in both groups, as well as vitamin D, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein in the AS group.

Whole natal cleft excision and flap : an alternative surgical method in extensive sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease.

Background: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a benign disease caused by hair follicles in sacrococcygeal -region. Despite the use of different methods in treatment, there is no consensus reached for treatment modalities. In this study, we used a whole natal cleft excision and flap (WNCEF) method to remove the natal cleft in cases of extensive sacrococcygeal PSD.

Evaluation of the efficacy of sodium valproate in convulsive status epilepticus following to ıschemic stroke.

Objective: Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is very rarely observed after ischaemic stroke. Sodium valproate (SV) is one of the agents used in the treatment of CSE, but its role still controversial, and its degree of efficacy in treating CSE that develops following stroke is unclear.

Method: We evaluated 19 patients who were treated with intravenous (IV) SV (20 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg/h-12h) after diazepam.

Hyperperfusion in carotid stenting patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to define hyperperfusion in carotid stenting patients without excluding patients with stenosis on the contralateral side.

Materials And Methods: A total of 32 patients were enrolled. Prestent computed tomography perfusions were performed within 1 week before stenting, poststent perfusions 3 days after stenting.

The effects of needle deformation during lumbar puncture.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess deformation of the tip and deflection from the axis of 22-gauge Quincke needles when they are used for diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP). Thus, it can be determined whether constructional alterations of needles are important for predicting clinical problems after diagnostic LP.

Materials And Methods: The 22-gauge Quincke needles used for diagnostic LP were evaluated.

Suramin, Genistein and Collagen Matrix (DuraGen) for Delayed Adjustment after Strabismus Surgery: Which One is Best?

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of suramin, genistein and collagen matrix for the prevention of inflammation, the reduction of fibrosis and the delay in adjustment after strabismus surgery on a rabbit model.

Methods: By using an adjustable suture technique, a recession of the superior rectus muscle (SRM) was made in 36 eyes of 18 rabbits. Three study groups were created using genistein, suramin and collagen matrix (n = 6 per group).

Can diffusion weighted MRI differentiate between inflammatory-infectious and malignant pleural effusions?

Aim: To assess exudative pleural effusions with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in order to determine non-invasive differentiation criteria for inflammatory-infectious and malignant effusions.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two patients with pleural effusions underwent DW-MRI with 4 different b values (10, 500, 750 and 1000 s/mm2). ADC maps were generated automatically.

Another face of Kawasaki disease.

We aimed both to define the characteristics of patients with Kawasaki Disease (KD), and to highlight infrequent and unusual findings of the disease by presenting selected cases. We retrospectively evaluated 35 patients diagnosed with KD in our clinic between January 1994 and January 2013. The male to female ratio was 1.

Ductal closure with intravenous paracetamol: a new approach to patent ductus arteriosus treatment.

Objectives: Indomethacin and ibuprofen are commonly used in the treatment of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA). These drugs are associated with serious adverse events, including gastrointestinal perforation, renal failure and bleeding. The role of paracetamol has been proposed for the treatment of PDA.

Dynamic assessment of Capparis spinosa buds on survival of periodontal ligament cells using a real-time cell analysis method.

Background: Tooth avulsion is the most severe type of traumatic dental injuries and it results in the complete displacement of the tooth out of its socket in alveolar bone. Reimplantation of the tooth is considered to be a best treatment modality due to its biological and psychological advantages. Its prognosis depends on the extra alveolar time, the storage medium, and the patient's general health.

Evaluation of the effects of group psychotherapy on cognitive function in patients with multiple sclerosis with cognitive dysfunction and depression.

Objective: This study will evaluate how decreasing depression severity via group psychotherapy affects the cognitive function of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who are also diagnosed with depression and cognitive dysfunction.

Method: MS patients completed the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The group members diagnosed with depression and cognitive dysfunction underwent group psychotherapy for 3 months.