Seasonal dynamics of bacterial communities in a highly polluted coastal lagoon: Dominance of sulfur bacteria in response to elevated HS levels.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of different environmental gradients and seasonality on the bacterial communities of an impacted coastal lagoon. While the community compositions were homogenous in surface waters with the dominance of Candidatus Pelagibacter, diversity showed high vertical variation due to salinity and dissolved oxygen gradients. Anoxic conditions occurred at deeper parts of the lagoon, particularly at 14 m and 18 m, where nutrient enrichment and high HS concentration were detected resulting in a shift of bacterial community to anoxic species.

Hydrodynamic disintegration effects assessment by CFD modelling integrated with bench tests.

The hydrodynamic disintegration process depends, among others, on operational parameters like rotational speed or introduced energy. The study presents an interdisciplinary approach to the hydrodynamic disintegration parameters impact assessment on the internal processes and disintegration effects on the example of sewage sludge treatment. Three rotational speeds were considered, including fluid properties change at selected disintegration stages.

Bioaugmentation of anaerobic digesters with the enriched lignin-degrading microbial consortia through a metagenomic approach.

The recalcitrance of lignin impedes the efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass, hindering the efficient production of biogas and value-added materials. Despite the emergence of anaerobic digestion as a superior alternative to the aerobic method for lignin processing, achieving its feasibility requires thorough characterization of lignin-degrading anaerobic microorganisms, assessment of their biomethane production potential, and a comprehensive understanding of the degradation pathway. This study aimed to address the aforementioned necessities by bioaugmenting seed sludge with three distinct enriched lignin-degrading microbial consortia at both 25 °C and 37 °C.

Is a floodplain forest a valuable source for lignin-degrading anaerobic microbial communities: A metagenomic approach.

Lignin is one of the most substantial obstacles in the evaluation of lignocellulosic compounds. Although there are numerous approaches for the enhancement of lignin digestion in the literature, there has yet to be an optimized system to date. In this study, samples taken from Igneada floodplain forests were enriched anaerobically at 25 °C and 37 °C, with alkali lignin as the sole carbon source.

Does environmental DNA reflect the actual phytoplankton diversity in the aquatic environment? Case study of marine mucilage in the Sea of Marmara.

The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness of the eDNA metabarcoding approach to determine the phytoplankton composition in the marine environment with a special focus on mucilage episodes in the Sea of Marmara. For this purpose, the samples were collected from 5 different sites located in the Sea of Marmara and the northern Aegean Sea during the mucilage episode in June 2021. The phytoplankton diversity was analyzed morphologically and by 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and the dataset of both methods was compared, accordingly.

Insights into the bacterial community structure of marine mucilage by metabarcoding.

This prospective study was aimed to explore the bacterial diversity of marine mucilage developed in the Marmara Sea and the North Aegean Sea by metabarcoding. For this purpose, mucilage samples were collected from five different sampling locations, and the bacterial community structure was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The results highlighted a diverse bacterial community dominated by Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes species.

Monitoring of cyanobacterial blooms and assessing polymer-enhanced microfiltration and ultrafiltration for microcystin removal in an Italian drinking water treatment plant.

The water intake of a drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) in Central Italy was monitored over six bloom seasons for cyanotoxin severity, which supplies drinking water from an oligo-mesotrophic lake with microcystin levels up to 10.3 μg/L. The historical data showed that the water temperature did not show extreme/large seasonal variation and it was not correlated either with cyanobacterial growth or microcystin concentration.

Contrasting the Water Quality and Bacterial Community Patterns in Shallow and Deep Lakes: Manyas vs. Iznik.

The objectives of this study are to monitor the physicochemical properties of two freshwater lakes with different chemical characteristics and trophic status over a year (2019) and assess the bacterial diversity by a high-throughput sequencing method for a certain time. Carlson Trophic Index analysis revealed that, whereas the deep lake, Iznik Lake, (TSI = 48.9) has mesotrophic characteristics, the shallow lake Manyas Lake (TSI = 74.

Biotechnological utilization of animal gut microbiota for valorization of lignocellulosic biomass.

The aim of this review is to give a summary of natural lignocellulose-degrading systems focusing mainly on animal digestive tracts of wood-feeding insects and ruminants in order to find effective strategies that can be applied to improve anaerobic digestion processes in engineered systems. Wood-feeding animals co-evolved with symbiotic microorganisms to digest lignocellulose-rich biomass in a very successful way. Considering the similarities between these animal gut systems and the lignocellulose-based biotechnological processes, the gut with its microbial consortium can be a perfect model for an advanced lignocellulose-degrading biorefinery.

Microbial community shifts in the oxic-settling-anoxic process in response to changes to sludge interchange ratio.

This particular study set out to demonstrate alterations on the microbial community of the oxic-settling-anaerobic/anoxic (OSA) process treating real domestic wastewater by changing interchange ratios (IRs). The sludge yield of systems operated at different IRs (1/13, 1/17 and 1/20) to assess sludge reduction was used to analyze microbial community composition variations. The highest IR (1/13) resulted in the highest sludge reduction (52.

Linking nano-ZnO contamination to microbial community profiling in sanitary landfill simulations.

Nanomaterials (NMs) commercially used for various activities mostly end up in landfills. Reduced biogas productions reported in landfill reactors create a need for more comprehensive research on these greatly-diverse microbial pools. In order to evaluate the impact of one of the most widely-used NMs, namely nano-zinc oxide (nano-ZnO), simulated bioreactor and conventional landfills were operated using real municipal solid waste (MSW) for 300 days with addition nano-ZnO.

Fungal bioaugmentation of anaerobic digesters fed with lignocellulosic biomass: What to expect from anaerobic fungus Orpinomyces sp.

Energy-efficient biogas reactors are often designed and operated mimicking natural microbial ecosystems such as the digestive tracts of ruminants. Anaerobic fungi play a crucial role in the degradation of lignocellulose-rich fiber thanks to their high cellulolytic activity. Fungal bioaugmentation is therefore at the heart of our understanding of enhancing anaerobic digestion (AD).

Bioaugmentation of anaerobic digesters treating lignocellulosic feedstock by enriched microbial consortia.

Three different bioaugmentation cultures enriched from natural and engineered cellulolytic environments (cow and goat rumen, a biogas reactor digesting sorghum biomass) were compared for their enhancement potential on the anaerobic digestion of wheat straw. Methane yields were determined in batch tests using the Automatic Methane Potential Test System operated for 30 days under mesophilic conditions. All cultures had positive effects on substrate degradation, and higher methane yields were observed in the bioaugmented reactors compared to control reactors set up with standard inoculum.

Comparison of Rumen and Manure Microbiomes and Implications for the Inoculation of Anaerobic Digesters.

Cattle manure is frequently used as an inoculum for the start-up of agricultural biogas plants or as a co-substrate in the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic feedstock. Ruminal microbiota are considered to be effective plant fiber degraders, but the microbes contained in manure do not necessarily reflect the rumen microbiome. The aim of this study was to compare the microbial community composition of cow rumen and manure with respect to plant fiber-digesting microbes.

Rumen bacteria at work: bioaugmentation strategies to enhance biogas production from cow manure.

Aims: To investigate the effects of different bioaugmentation strategies for enhancing the biogas production from cow manure and evaluate microbial community patterns.

Methods And Results: Co-inoculation with cow rumen fluid and cow rumen-derived enriched microbial consortia was evaluated in anaerobic batch tests at 36°C and 41°C. Singular addition of both rumen fluid and enriched bioaugmentation culture had a promising enhancement on methane yields; however, the highest methane yield (311 ml CH per gram VS at 41°C) was achieved when the anaerobic seed sludge was co-inoculated together with rumen fluid and enriched bioaugmentation culture.

Enrichment of lignocellulose-degrading microbial communities from natural and engineered methanogenic environments.

The aim of this study was to develop an effective bioaugmentation concept for anaerobic digesters treating lignocellulosic biomass such as straw. For that purpose, lignocellulose-degrading methanogenic communities were enriched on wheat straw from cow and goat rumen fluid as well as from a biogas reactor acclimated to lignocellulosic biomass (sorghum as mono-substrate). The bacterial communities of the enriched cultures and the different inocula were examined by 454 amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes while the methanogenic archaeal communities were analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) fingerprinting of the mcrA gene.

Effect of bioaugmentation by cellulolytic bacteria enriched from sheep rumen on methane production from wheat straw.

The aim of this study was to determine the potential of bioaugmentation with cellulolytic rumen microbiota to enhance the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic feedstock. An anaerobic cellulolytic culture was enriched from sheep rumen fluid using wheat straw as substrate under mesophilic conditions. To investigate the effects of bioaugmentation on methane production from straw, the enrichment culture was added to batch reactors in proportions of 2% (Set-1) and 4% (Set-2) of the microbial cell number of the standard inoculum slurry.

Use of PCR-DGGE based molecular methods to assessment of microbial diversity during anaerobic treatment of antibiotic combinations.

As it is currently often not know how anaerobic bioreactors, e.g. for biogas production, react if the substrate is contaminated by toxic compounds like antibiotics.

Combined effect of erythromycin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole on performance of anaerobic sequencing batch reactors.

The combined effects of erythromycin-tetracycline-sulfamethoxazole (ETS) and sulfamethoxazole-tetracycline (ST) antibiotics on the performance of anaerobic sequencing batch reactors were studied. A control reactor was fed with wastewater that was free of antibiotics, while two additional reactors were fed with ETS and ST. The way in which the ETS and ST mixtures impact COD removal, VFA production, antibiotic degradation, biogas production and composition were investigated.

Performance of anaerobic sequencing batch reactor in the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole mixture.

This study evaluates the joint effects of erythromycin-sulfamethoxazole (ES) combinations on anaerobic treatment efficiency and the potential for antibiotic degradation during anaerobic sequencing batch reactor operation. The experiments involved two identical anaerobic sequencing batch reactors. One reactor, as control unit, was fed with synthetic wastewater while the other reactor (ES) was fed with a synthetic substrate mixture including ES antibiotic combinations.

Acute effects of various antibiotic combinations on acetoclastic methanogenic activity.

Pharmaceutical production industries are one of the main sources of antibiotics, and they release considerable amounts of antibiotics to ecosystem. Antibiotics usually present as mixtures in treatment plants and have negative effect on biological processes. In this study, batch acute tests were performed to assess the inhibitory impacts of selected antibiotic combinations of sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline (ST), erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole (ES), and erythromycin and tetracycline (ET) on acetoclastic methanogenic activity.

Inhibitory effects of antibiotic combinations on syntrophic bacteria, homoacetogens and methanogens.

Antibiotics have the potential to adversely affect the microbial community that is present in biological wastewater treatment processes. The antibiotics that exist in waste streams directly inhibit substrate degradation and also have an influence on the composition of the microbial community. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term inhibition impact that various antibiotic combinations had on the syntrophic bacteria, homoacetogenic and methanogenic activities of a microbial community that had been fed with propionate and butyrate as the sole carbon source and VFA mixture (acetate, propionate and butyrate).