The renoprotective effects of taurine against diabetic nephropathy via the p38 MAPK and TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathways.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe diabetes complication, causes kidney morphological and structural changes due to extracellular matrix accumulation. This accumulation is caused mainly by oxidative stress. Semi-essential amino acid derivative taurine has powerful antioxidant and antifibrotic effects.

Exposure to Fumes of a Vegetable Margarine for Frying: Respiratory Effects in an Experimental Model.

Deep frying is one of the strongest emission sources into indoor air. A vegetable margarine has recently been used in commercial kitchens. This study investigated the respiratory effects of exposure to its fumes in an experimental model.

Role of p38 MAPK, Akt and NFκB in renoprotective effects of nebivolol on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury is a complex pathophysiologic condition characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. We investigated the potential renoprotective effect of nebivolol, a β adrenergic receptor blocker, against renal I-R injury. We focused on the role of nebivolol in activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, Akt (protein kinase B) and nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) transcription factors, which contribute to oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis during renal I-R.

Topiramate and darbepoetin alpha ameliorate bilirubin-induced neuronal cell damage.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether prophylactic darbepoetin alpha and/or topiramate administration could prevent bilirubin neurotoxicity (BNTx) in experimental model of kernicterus.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 Wistar albino rat puppies with experimental kernicterus model were included in the study. The Kernicterus was established administering a bilirubin injection via a cisterna magna puncture 30 minutes after ip drug injection.

Therapeutic effects of melatonin on an ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis model in rats.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of melatonin in an experimental AR model.

Methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomised into four groups (n = 8 each). The experimental AR model was established in the saline (SF), ethanol, and melatonin groups via intraperitoneal (i.

Efficacy of various laser devices on lithotripsy in retrograde intrarenal surgery used to treat 1-2 cm kidney stones: A prospective randomized study.

Aims: To compare the efficacy of different laser devices and power ranges on lithotripsy in retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for 1-2 cm kidney stones.

Methods: A total of 223 participants undergoing RIRS for 1-2 cm kidney stones at our clinic between January 2015 and January 2017 were recruited for this prospective study (NCT02451319). Two hundred and four participants included in our study were randomly allocated into either ≤20 W with 20 W laser device (group 1) or ≤20 W with 30 W laser device (group 2) or >20 W with 30 W laser device (group 3).

Alpha-lipoic acid alleviates colistin nephrotoxicity in rats.

Colistin methanesulfonate (CMS), a clinical form of colistin, is widely used as a last-line treatment for multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacterial infections in critically ill patients presenting a considerably high mortality rate. However, nephrotoxicity is considered to be a critical adverse effect that limits CMS's clinical use. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a strong antioxidant that is effective in preventing nephrotoxicity in many models.

Alpha lipoic acid attenuates iron induced oxidative acute kidney injury in rats.

Iron has been implicated in oxidative tissue injury owing to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). We investigated the reno-protective effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) by investigating its effects on the kidney isoform of NADPH oxidase (Nox4) and the specific signaling pathways, p38 MAPK and PI3K/Akt, which participate in apoptosis and survival, respectively. We established four groups of seven rats: control, 100 mg/kg ALA, 80 mg/kg iron sucrose (IS) and IS + ALA.

Comparison of the efficiency, safety and pain scores of holmium laser devices working with 20 watt and 30 watt using in retrograde intrarenal surgery: One center prospective study.

Objectives: Holmium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet laser lithotripsy is used in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery. Fragmentation is made with a certain value of pulse energy (Joule) and frequency (Hertz) in Holmium laser lithotripsy and the multiplication of these values gives us total power (Watt). Devices with maximum power of 20 Watt and 30 Watt are used in clinical practice.

Dose dependent effects of oxytocin on cognitive defects and anxiety disorders in adult rats following acute infantile maternal deprivation stress.

Maternal deprivation at an early age is a powerful stressor that causes permanent alterations in cognitive and behavioral functions during the later stages of life. We investigated the effects of oxytocin on cognitive defects and anxiety disorders caused by acute infantile maternal deprivation in adult rats. We used 18-day-old Wistar albino rats of both sexes.

Protective effects of taurine against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by inhibition of gelatinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling.

Dysregulated expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is closely associated with the pathogenesis of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). The production of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes tissue damage. Increased ROS production causes activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, which participates in gene regulation of MMPs, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9 (gelatinases).

Efficacy of parthenolide on lung histopathology in a murine model of asthma.

Background: Parthenolide is the active constituent of the plant 'Tanacetum parthenium' (Feverfew) which has been used for centuries as a folk remedy for inflammatory conditions.

Aim Of The Study: In this study we aimed to investigate the effects of parthenolide in a murine model of chronic asthma.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five BALB/c mice were divided into five groups; I (control), II (placebo), III (dexamethasone), IV (parthenolide) and V (dexamethasone and parthenolide combination).

Evaluation of the effects of intra-arterial sugammadex and dexmedetomidine: an experimental study.

Background: Intra-arterial injection of medications may cause acute and severe ischemia and result in morbidity and mortality. There is no information in the literature evaluating the arterial endothelial effects of sugammadex and dexmedetomidine. The hypothesis of our study is that sugammadex and dexmedetomidine will cause histological changes in arterial endothelial structure when administered intra-arterially.

[Evaluation of the effects of intra-arterial sugammadex and dexmedetomidine: an experimental study].

Background: Intra-arterial injection of medications may cause acute and severe ischemia and result in morbidity and mortality. There is no information in the literature evaluating the arterial endothelial effects of sugammadex and dexmedetomidine. The hypothesis of our study is that sugammadex and dexmedetomidine will cause histological changes in arterial endothelial structure when administered intra-arterially.

Effectiveness of sugammadex for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Cerebral ischemia may cause permanent brain damage and behavioral dysfunction. The efficacy and mechanisms of pharmacological treatments administered immediately after cerebral damage are not fully known. Sugammadex is a licensed medication.

Development, characterization, and in vivo assessment of mucoadhesive nanoparticles containing fluconazole for the local treatment of oral candidiasis.

This study aimed to develop a suitable buccal mucoadhesive nanoparticle (NP) formulation containing fluconazole for the local treatment of oral candidiasis. The suitability of the prepared formulations was assessed by means of particle size (PS), polydispersity index, and zeta potential measurements, morphology analysis, mucoadhesion studies, drug entrapment efficiency (EE), in vitro drug release, and stability studies. Based on the optimum NP formulation, ex vivo drug diffusion and in vitro cytotoxicity studies were performed.

Intranasal surfactant protein D as neuroprotective rescue in a neonatal rat model of periventricular leukomalacia.

Background: Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is the leading cause of neurocognitive deficits in children with prematurity. We previously hypothesized that surfactant protein D (SPD) with its ability to bind toll-like receptors may have a possible ameliorating effect in PVL.

Methods: Three groups were defined as: LPS-administered and postnatal intranasal saline administered group, LPS-administered and postnatal intranasal SPD-treated group, and control group.

Grape seed extract has superior beneficial effects than vitamin E on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the hippocampus of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

We aimed to investigate the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) and vitamin E (Vit E) on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In Control, Diabetic, and Diabetic treated with GSE (Diabetic+GSE) and vitamin E (Diabetic+Vit E) groups, oxidative stress index (OSI), TUNEL staining and Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bax, caspase-3, -9, and -8, Cyt-c, TNF-α, and NF-κB gene expressions were evaluated. OSI was significantly increased in the plasma and hippocampus of the Diabetic compared to Control group and decreased in Diabetic+GSE and Diabetic+Vit E groups compared to Diabetic.

The effects of α-lipoic acid on immature rats with traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality during childhood. TBI enhances formation of reactive oxygen species that cause neuron damage and apoptosis. α-Lipoic acid (LA) is a free radical scavenger and biological antioxidant.

Effective topical delivery systems for corticosteroids: dermatological and histological evaluations.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing skin disease with severe eczematous lesions. Long-term topical corticosteroid treatment can induce skin atrophy, hypopigmentation and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) increase. A new treatment approach was needed to reduce the risk by dermal targeting.

Effects of topical intranasal doxycycline treatment in the rat allergic rhinitis model.

Objectives: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic upper respiratory tract disease that inflames the mucous membranes of the nose and occurs when circulating inflammatory cells including eosinophils and basophils migrate to and accumulate in the inflammation area by passing through the interstitium and capillary walls. To pass through these barriers, the inflammatory cells degrade extracellular matrix proteins. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) released by inflammatory cells mediate the degradation of these proteins.

Zonisamide attenuates hyperoxia-induced apoptosis in the developing rat brain.

Oxygen therapy used in the treatment of perinatal hypoxia induces neurodegeneration in babies with immature antioxidant mechanisms. Zonisamide is a new antiepileptic drug used in childhood intractable seizures. Many studies demonstrated its neuroprotective effects.

The effects of alpha-lipoic acid on MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities in a rat renal ischemia and re-perfusion model.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes that are responsible for degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM); they are involved in the pathogenesis of ischemia-re-perfusion (I-R) injury. We investigated the possible preventive effect of alpha-lipoic acid (LA) in a renal I-R injury model in rats by assessing its reducing effect on the expression and activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 induced by I-R. Rats were assigned to four groups: control, sham-operated, I-R (saline, i.