Preoperative methionine restriction induces perivascular adipose tissue browning and improves vein graft remodeling in male mice.

Short-term preoperative methionine restriction (MetR) is a promising translatable strategy to mitigate surgical injury response. However, its application to improve post-interventional vascular remodeling remains underexplored. Here we find that MetR protects from arterial intimal hyperplasia in a focal stenosis model and pathologic vascular remodeling following vein graft surgery in male mice.

The impact of cholesteryl ester transfer protein on the progression of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Introduction: Pathogenesis of cutaneous leishmaniases involves parasite growth, persistent inflammation, and likely participation of lipoproteins (LP). The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), involved in LP remodeling, has been shown to participate in the inflammatory response and the evolution of infectious conditions.

Methods: We evaluated the impact of the presence of CETP on infection by in an experimental model of cutaneous leishmaniasis using C57BL6/J mice transgenic for human CETP (CETP), having as control their littermates that do not express the protein, wild-type (WT) mice.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Systemic Heparin During Arteriovenous Fistula Creation by Emulating a Target Trial.

Most of the 800,000 people living with end-stage kidney disease in the United States rely on a functioning vascular access to provide life-sustaining hemodialysis, yet one-third of arteriovenous fistulas experience early failures. Determining the safety and effectiveness of systemic heparin during fistula creation could improve the quality and quantity of life for these vulnerable patients. In this paper, a pragmatic randomized trial was emulated to assess the effect of systemic heparin administration (vs.

Descriptive Analysis of Amputation-Free Survival After First Time Infra-Inguinal Bypass Occlusion.

Introduction: Occlusion after infra-inguinal bypass surgery for peripheral artery disease is a major complication with potentially devastating consequences. In this descriptive analysis, we sought to describe the natural history and explore factors associated with long-term major amputation-free survival following occlusion of a first-time infra-inguinal bypass.

Methods: Using a prospective database from a tertiary care vascular center, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients with peripheral artery disease who underwent a first-time infra-inguinal bypass and subsequently suffered a graft occlusion (1997-2021).

Protective effect of equol intake on bladder dysfunction in a rat model of bladder outlet obstruction.

Objectives: This study evaluates the impact of equol, a metabolite of soy isoflavone, on bladder dysfunction in rats with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). In addition, we investigate its potential as a neuroprotective agent for the obstructed bladder and discuss its applicability in managing overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods: Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (six rats per group) during the rearing period.

Thermodynamic analysis of gate-opening carbon dioxide adsorption behavior of metal-organic frameworks.

Thermodynamic analysis of gate-opening carbon dioxide (CO) adsorption behavior of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Unlike measurements under nitrogen atmosphere, obvious exothermic and endothermic peaks were observed in DSC curves under CO flow. heating X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analyses under CO revealed that reversible crystal structure and weight changes occurred upon CO adsorption/desorption.

Temporal trends in hemodialysis access creation during the fistula first era.

Objective: Although forearm arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are the preferred initial vascular access for hemodialysis based on national guidelines, there are no population-level studies evaluating trends in creation of forearm vs upper arm AVFs and arteriovenous grafts (AVGs). The purpose of this study was to report temporal trends in first-time permanent hemodialysis access type, and to assess the effect of national initiatives on rates of AVF placement.

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study (2012-2022) utilizing the Vascular Quality Initiative database.

Predicting recurrent interventions after radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula creation with machine learning and the PREDICT-AVF web app.

Objective: Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines discourage ongoing access salvage attempts after two interventions prior to successful use or more than three interventions per year overall. The goal was to develop a tool for prediction of radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) intervention requirements to help guide shared decision-making about access appropriateness.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of 914 adult patients in the United States and Canada undergoing radiocephalic AVF creation at one of the 39 centers participating in the PATENCY-1 or -2 trials.

Contemporary outcomes of distal radial artery ligation for access related hand ischemia.

Objectives: Access related hand ischemia (ARHI) is a rare albeit morbid complication of hemodialysis access creation. Distal radial artery ligation (DRAL) has been described as a strategy to improve perfusion to the hand while maintaining the access. The objective of this study was to report longitudinal outcomes of DRAL for ARHI.

Short-term Pre-operative Methionine Restriction Induces Browning of Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Improves Vein Graft Remodeling in Mice.

Short-term preoperative methionine restriction (MetR) shows promise as a translatable strategy to modulate the body's response to surgical injury. Its application, however, to improve post-interventional vascular remodeling remains underexplored. Here, we find that MetR protects from arterial intimal hyperplasia in a focal stenosis model and adverse vascular remodeling after vein graft surgery.

VasQ U.S. pivotal study demonstrates the safety and effectiveness of an external vascular support for arteriovenous fistula creation.

Objective: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation is a commonly performed vascular operation that reports 6-month functional success rates as low as 50%. Recently, a nitinol external vascular support device, VasQ, has shown potential in studies outside the United States (U.S.

Comparative effectiveness of bovine carotid artery xenograft and polytetrafluoroethylene in hemodialysis access revision.

Background: When hemodialysis arteriovenous accesses fail, autogenous options are often limited. Non-autogenous conduit choices include bovine carotid artery xenografts (BCAG) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), yet their comparative effectiveness in hemodialysis access revision remains largely unknown.

Methods: A cohort study was performed from a prospectively collected institutional database from August 2010 to July 2021.

Cystathionine-γ-lyase overexpression modulates oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis and enhances neovascularization.

Objective: Hydrogen sulfide is a proangiogenic gas produced primarily by the transsulfuration enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase (CGL). CGL-dependent hydrogen sulfide production is required for neovascularization in models of peripheral arterial disease. However, the benefits of increasing endogenous CGL and its mechanism of action have not yet been elucidated.

Staged autogenous to prosthetic hemodialysis access creation strategy to maximize forearm options.

Objective: When an adequate cephalic vein is not available for fistula construction, surgeons often turn to basilic vein or prosthetic constructions. Single-stage forearm prosthetic hemodialysis accesses are associated with poor durability, and upper arm non-autogenous access options are often limited by axillary outflow failure, which inevitably drives transition to the contralateral arm or lower extremity. We hypothesized that initial creation of a modest flow proximal forearm arterial-venous anastomosis to dilate ("develop") inflow and outflow vessels, followed by a planned second-stage procedure to create a cannulation zone with a prosthetic graft in the forearm, would result in reliable and durable hemodialysis access in patients with limited options.

Evaluating national guideline concordance of recurrent interventions after radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula creation.

Objective: Radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas have been historically perceived as requiring multiple follow-up procedural interventions to achieve maturation and maintain patency. Recent clinical practice guidelines from the National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) emphasize a patient-centered hemodialysis access strategy with new maximum targets for intervention rates, potentially conflicting with concomitant recommendations to prioritize autogenous forearm hemodialysis access creation. The present descriptive study seeks to assess whether radiocephalic fistulas can meet the KDOQI guideline benchmarks for interventions following access creation, and to elucidate clinical and anatomic characteristics associated with the timing and frequency of interventions following radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula creation.

Plasma Gut Microbe-Derived Metabolites Associated with Peripheral Artery Disease and Major Adverse Cardiac Events.

Cardiovascular diseases are associated with gut dysbiosis, but the role of microbe-derived metabolites as biomarkers or modulators of cardiovascular disease are not well understood. This is a targeted metabolomics study to investigate the association of nine microbe-derived metabolites with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD), a form of atherosclerosis, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The study cohort consists of individuals with intermittent claudication and ankle-brachial index (ABI) < 0.

Microfluidic bioprinting of tough hydrogel-based vascular conduits for functional blood vessels.

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of vascular tissues that are mechanically and functionally comparable to their native counterparts is an unmet challenge. Here, we developed a tough double-network hydrogel (bio)ink for microfluidic (bio)printing of mono- and dual-layered hollow conduits to recreate vein- and artery-like tissues, respectively. The tough hydrogel consisted of energy-dissipative ionically cross-linked alginate and elastic enzyme-cross-linked gelatin.

Predicting radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula success with machine learning.

After creation of a new arteriovenous fistula (AVF), assessment of readiness for use is an important clinical task. Accurate prediction of successful use is challenging, and augmentation of the physical exam with ultrasound has become routine. Herein, we propose a point-of-care tool based on machine learning to enhance prediction of successful unassisted radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) use.

Radiocephalic Arteriovenous Fistula Patency and Use: A Post Hoc Analysis of Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trials.

Unlabelled: We sought to confirm and extend the understanding of clinical outcomes following creation of a common distal autogenous access, the radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (RCAVF).

Background: Interdisciplinary guidelines recommend distal autogenous arteriovenous fistulae as the preferred hemodialysis (HD) access, yet uncertainty about durability and function present barriers to adoption.

Methods: Pooled data from the 2014-2019 multicenter randomized-controlled PATENCY-1 and PATENCY-2 trials were analyzed.

Multiomics assessment of dietary protein titration reveals altered hepatic glucose utilization.

Dietary protein restriction (PR) has rapid effects on metabolism including improved glucose and lipid homeostasis, via multiple mechanisms. Here, we investigate responses of fecal microbiome, hepatic transcriptome, and hepatic metabolome to six diets with protein from 18% to 0% of energy in mice. PR alters fecal microbial composition, but metabolic effects are not transferable via fecal transplantation.

Recombinant PilS: Cloning, Expression and Biochemical Characterization of a Pil-Fimbriae Subunit.

Pil-fimbriae is a type IV pili member, which is a remarkably versatile component with a wide variety of functions, including motility, attachment to different surfaces, electrical conductance, DNA acquisition, and secretion of a broad range of structurally distinct protein substrates. Despite the previous functional characterization of Pil, more studies are required to understand the regulation of Pil expression and production, since the exact mechanisms involved in these steps are still unknown. Therefore it is extremely important to have a protein with the correct secondary and tertiary structure that will enable an accurate characterization and a specific antisera generation.

Contemporary Strategies to Promote Dialysis Access Fistula Maturation.

: The inability of a newly created arteriovenous fistula to support hemodialysis due to non-maturation results in increased complications secondary to catheter dependence. : In view of the highly variable approaches by providers with heterogenous backgrounds (general surgery, vascular surgery, interventional radiology and interventional nephrology, urology, transplant surgery, etc.) we sought to describe a collection of algorithms that have functioned well in our hands to manage this challenging clinical problem and guide trainees and practicing clinicians alike.

Contemporary indications for open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in the endovascular era.

Objective: Despite the emergence of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) as the most common approach to abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, open aneurysm repair (OAR) remains an important option. This study seeks to define the indications for OAR in the EVAR era and how these indicatioxns effect outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed of all OAR at a single institution from 2004 to 2019.

Hydrogen Sulphide Release via the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Zofenopril Prevents Intimal Hyperplasia in Human Vein Segments and in a Mouse Model of Carotid Artery Stenosis.

Objective: Hypertension is a major risk factor for intimal hyperplasia (IH) and re-stenosis following vascular and endovascular interventions. Preclinical studies suggest that hydrogen sulphide (HS), an endogenous gasotransmitter, limits re-stenosis. While there is no clinically available pure HS releasing compound, the sulfhydryl containing angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor zofenopril is a source of HS.