Evaluation of Bone Mineral Metabolism in Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: Quantitative Computed Tomography vs. Dual-Energy Absorptiometry and Correlation with Bone Turnover Markers.

: Bone and mineral disease (BMD) is a prevalent complication of advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). The risk of fractures can be assessed via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of two imaging modalities in identifying bone mineral status in individuals with pre-dialysis chronic renal disease and to assess their correlation with bone turnover markers.

Predictive strength of inflammatory scores for in-hospital mortality in infective endocarditis.

Background: Inflammatory markers have been proposed as prognostic tools for predicting in-hospital mortality in infective endocarditis (IE). Nonetheless, it is unclear whether these markers provide additional prognostic value over established indicators. This study compared nine different inflammation scores to assess their effectiveness in enhancing the prediction of in-hospital mortality.

miR-484 as an "OncomiR" in Breast Cancer Promotes Tumorigenesis by Suppressing Apoptosis Genes.

Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common causes of death among females. Cancer cells escape from apoptosis, causing the cells to proliferate uncontrollably. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to regulate apoptosis in cancer cells.

Substrate utilization of carbohydrates, fat, and protein in the late acute phase of critically ill surgical patients: A retrospective longitudinal study.

Background And Aims: Tailoring nutrition to measured energy expenditure (EE) and provision of adequate protein amounts, is considered gold standard for critically ill patients. There are currently no recommendations to measure specific substrate utilization or to adapt nutrition accordingly.

Methods: In this retrospective longitudinal study, we analyzed results of 316 simultaneous measurements of indirect calorimetry (IC) and urinary urea nitrogen (UUN) in 191 mechanically ventilated, critically ill patients, admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) in a tertiary medical center.

Predicting Short-Term Mortality in Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism With Deep Learning.

Background: Accurate prediction of short-term mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is critical for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. The Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) is the current reference score used for this purpose, but it has limitations regarding predictive accuracy. Our aim was to develop a new short-term mortality prediction model for PE patients based on deep learning (DL) with multimodal data, including imaging and clinical/demographic data.

The association between change in temporal muscle mass and treatment of acromegaly.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between temporal muscle thickness and GH/IGF-1 elevation and the effect of acromegaly treatment on temporal muscle thickness.

Methods: Patients with acromegaly and healthy controls were included in the study. While laboratory parameters, clinical findings and temporal muscle thickness of acromegaly patients at the time of diagnosis and one year after treatment were evaluated, laboratory parameters and temporal muscle thickness of healthy controls were evaluated only during the period when they were included in the study.

Investigating the relationship between cognitive impairment and brain white matter tracts using diffusion tensor imaging in patients with prolactinoma.

Background: Cognitive impairment is known to occur in patients with prolactinoma, but the underlying mechanism is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate cognitive function in patients with prolactinoma and to investigate the basis of possible cognitive impairment in brain white matter changes using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Methods: 37 consecutive patients with prolactinoma and 37 healthy controls of similar age, sex, and education were enrolled in the study.

Brain white matter microstructural alterations in Behcet's syndrome correlate with cognitive impairment and disease severity: A diffusion tensor imaging study.

Objectives: To evaluate the microstructural integrity of brain white matter tracts in patients with Neuro-Behcet's syndrome (NBS) and Behcet's syndrome (BS) without neurological manifestations using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and to investigate potential utility of DTI as a surrogate biomarker of neurocognitive functioning and disease severity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 34 NBS patients and 32 BS patients without neurological involvement, identified based on the International Study Group of the Behcet's disease (ISGBD) and the International Consensus Recommendation (ICR) criteria, as well as 33 healthy controls. Cognitive functions, including attention, memory, language, abstraction, executive control, visuospatial skills, and sensorimotor performance were assessed using standardized questionnaires.

Improving blueberry cold storage quality: the effect of preharvest hexanal application on chilling injuries and antioxidant defense mechanisms.

Blueberries are vulnerable to chilling injury (CI). This can lead to limited longevity when they are subjected to cold storage conditions. This study investigated the effectiveness of a preharvest spray containing 0.

Heart Failure Awareness Survey in a Turkish Population: HFAS-TR.

Objective: Heart failure is a leading cause of death and the most common diagnosis leading to hospitalization. Its awareness is lower than that of other cardiovascular diseases, both in the general population and among patients with heart failure (HF). This study aimed to establish the current level of knowledge about HF in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) in Türkiye.

The Contribution of Explainable Machine Learning Algorithms Using ROI-based Brain Surface Morphology Parameters in Distinguishing Early-onset Schizophrenia From Bipolar Disorder.

Rationale And Objectives: To differentiate early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) from early-onset bipolar disorder (EBD) using surface-based morphometry measurements and brain volumes using machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Method: High-resolution T-weighted images were obtained to measure cortical thickness (CT), gyrification, gyrification index (GI), sulcal depth (SD), fractal dimension (FD), and brain volumes. After the feature selection step, ML classifiers were applied for each feature set and the combination of them.

Evaluation of pan-Immuno-Inflammation value for In-hospital mortality in acute pulmonary embolism patients.

Background: Pan-immuno-inflammation value (PIV) is a new and comprehensive index that reflects both the immune response and systemic inflammation in the body.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic relevance of PIV in predicting in-hospital mortality in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) patients and to compare it with the well-known risk scoring system, PE severity index (PESI), which is commonly used for a short-term mortality prediction in such patients.

Methods: In total, 373 acute PE patients diagnosed with contrast-enhanced computed tomography were included in the study.

[THE FIGHTS OF OPENING NEW MEDICAL SCHOOLS IN ISRAEL - 1960-2024 - COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE].

THE FIGHTS OF OPENING NEW MEDICAL SCHOOLS IN ISRAEL - 1960-2024 - COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE.

Evaluation of blood supply and metabolism in tumor, axillary lymph node and normal breast tissue with F-18 FDG PET/CT in breast cancer: comparison with pathological prognostic factors.

Background And Purpose: Perfusion parameters obtained in F-18 FDG PET/CT performed for staging purposes in breast cancers may provide additional information about tumor biology as well as glucose metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate throughout F-18 FDG PET/CT the relationship between blood flow and glucose metabolism and histological parameters of the primary tumor, normal mammary gland, and axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Sixty six female patients (mean age 51 y ± 12,81) were prospectively included to this study.

The association between plasma thyroxine levels and neurocognitive impairment in early-onset schizophrenia and other psychosis spectrum disorders.

Background/aim: Limited studies have delved into the association between thyroid hormones and neurocognition in schizophrenia. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and neurocognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia and other psychosis spectrum disorders (SSD).

Method: A total of 135 patients with early-onset SSD were included in the study.

Electron Dynamics in Open Quantum Systems: The Driven Liouville-von Neumann Methodology within Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory.

A first-principles approach to describe electron dynamics in open quantum systems driven far from equilibrium via external time-dependent stimuli is introduced. Within this approach, the driven Liouville-von Neumann methodology is used to impose open boundary conditions on finite model systems whose dynamics is described using time-dependent density functional theory. As a proof of concept, the developed methodology is applied to simple spin-compensated model systems, including a hydrogen chain and a graphitic molecular junction.

The relationship between temporal muscle thickness and disease activity in Cushing's disease.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hypercortisolism and temporal muscle thickness (TMT) in Cushing's disease (CD).

Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for patients with CD who presented to our clinic between 2012 and 2022. Biochemical data and TMT measurements from sella imaging were evaluated during diagnosis and the first postoperative year.

Evaluation of the effects of 2 different adhesive-coated bracket systems on white spot lesion formation.

Introduction: This study evaluated the effects of 2 different adhesive-precoated (APC) bracket systems on white spot lesions (WSLs).

Methods: The study had a split-mouth design, and 34 patients were included. The APC Flash-Free (FF) and APC II system brackets were used.

Can diffusion tensor imaging have a diagnostic utility to differentiate early-onset forms of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: A neuroimaging study with explainable machine learning algorithms.

Background/aim: Accurate diagnosis of early-onset psychotic disorders is crucial to improve clinical outcomes. This study aimed to differentiate patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) from early-onset bipolar disorder (EBD) with machine learning (ML) algorithms using white matter tracts (WMT).

Method: Diffusion tensor imaging was obtained from adolescents with either EOS (n = 43) or EBD (n = 32).

Postharvest hexanal application delays senescence and maintains quality in persimmon fruit during low-temperature storage.

Background: Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruit is characterized by rapid metabolic changes following ripening, and softening occurs due to the gradual breakdown of the cell membrane by direct catabolic cascades of phospholipase D enzyme on the phospholipid bilayer. Cell membrane weakening is also enhanced by the generation of reactive oxygen species during stress conditions such as cold storage and postharvest handling.