Anemia, iron, and HIV: decoding the interconnected pathways: A review.

This review delves into the intricate relationship between anemia, iron metabolism, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), aiming to unravel the interconnected pathways that contribute to the complex interplay between these 3 entities. A systematic exploration of relevant literature was conducted, encompassing studies examining the association between anemia, iron status, and HIV infection. Both clinical and preclinical investigations were analyzed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking these components.

Microbiological quality of water samples obtained from water sources in Ishaka, Uganda.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of water sources in Ishaka division, Bushenyi district.

Methods: Water from taps, wells and springs were sampled for the cross-sectional investigation. The enumeration and identification of microbes ( and total coliforms) in water samples were carried out using a variety of methods.