Distribution of CXCR4 and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer subtypes; their relationship with each other, axillary lymph node involvement, and other prognostic indicators.

We have investigated the distribution of chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and CD8-positive, tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes (CD8+ TILs) in breast cancer subtypes and explored the relationship between them and the well-established conventional prognostic markers, including axillary lymph node involvement. A total of 250 breast cancer patients were included in the study. The patients were separated into luminal A+B, HER2 enriched/overexpressed (HER2+), and triple- negative, on the basis of their staining characteristics, via conventional staining methods.

Chemokine CXCR-4 and cyclooxygenase-2 in the pathogenesis of pterygium.

Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate the expression of chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR-4) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the epithelium and stroma of pterygium tissue in comparison with healthy conjunctiva. Materials and methods: The expression of CXCR4 and COX-2 was investigated by immunohistochemistry in the epithelium and stroma of the pterygium tissue of 29 eyes and compared with healthy conjunctival tissues. The correlation between CXCR4 and COX-2 expression as well as the correlation of these markers with the area of pterygium were evaluated statistically.

Associations between epidermal growth factor receptor and topoisomerase II-alpha gene copy number variations, human papillomavirus positivity, and cytologic analysis in cervical cell lesions.

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecologic cancer worldwide. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a leading etiological factor in cervical carcinoma.The aim of this study was to compare HPV positivity, EGFR and TOP2A gene copy number variations and cervical cytologic findings.

Comparison between resveratrol and cabergoline in preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a rat model.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of resveratrol in a rat model of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and compare with cabergoline.

Design: Randomized controlled, animal study.

Animal(s): Female Wistar rats.

The Influence of Chemokine CXCR4 and Cyclooxygenase-2 in the Recurrence of Pterygium.

Purpose: To investigate the role of CXCR4 and cyclooxygenase-2 in pterygium recurrence.

Methods: A total of 18 primary and 9 recurrent pterygium samples were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining using primary antibodies against cyclooxygenase-2 and CXCR4 was performed.

[A Gossypiboma (Textiloma) Mimicking a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Case Report].

Gossypiboma (textiloma) is a rare but preventable complication occurring due to oblivion of the surgical material during an operation that carries important diagnostic difficulties as well as high morbidity and mortality risks. The actual incidence is unknown because of its medicolegal aspects. Our case is a 36-years-old female patient, who had a caesarean section two years ago in another center.

Management of Cyclosporine and Nifedipine-Induced Gingival Hyperplasia.

Gingival enlargements modified by medications are becoming more common because of the increased use of inducing drugs, and may create speech, mastication, tooth eruption, periodontal, and aesthetic problems. We hereby present a case of a 54-year-old man with 12-month history of generalized gingival enlargement in the keratinized gingiva was referred to our clinic. The patient had a history of kidney transplant and was under medication of cyclosporine and nifedipine.

Comparison of the effects of letrozole and cabergoline on vascular permeability, ovarian diameter, ovarian tissue VEGF levels, and blood PEDF levels, in a rat model of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of letrozole and cabergoline in a rat model of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Study Design: In this prospective, controlled experimental study, the 28 female Wistar rats were divided into four subgroups (one non-stimulated control and three OHSS-positive groups: placebo, letrozole, and cabergoline). To induce OHSS, rats were injected with 10 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin from day 29 to day 32 of life, followed by subcutaneous injection of 30 IU hCG on day 33.

The Role of Parafibromin, Galectin-3, HBME-1, and Ki-67 in the Differential Diagnosis of Parathyroid Tumors.

Objectives: Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare parathyroid tumor compared to parathyroid adenoma (PA) and atypical parathyroid adenoma (APA). Recent studies have suggested parafibromin has a role in the differential diagnosis of parathyroid tumors. We sought to determine the role of parafibromin as well as galectin-3, Ki-67, and HBME-1 as diagnostic markers in the differential diagnosis of parathyroid tumors.

Montelukast is effective in preventing of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; an experimental study.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of montelukast in comparison with cabergoline in the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in rats.

Material And Methods: An experimental OHSS model was formed in 35 female Wistar rats. Rats (22 days old) were randomized into 5 groups, each containing 7 animals.

Myo-inositol is a promising treatment for the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): an animal study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of myo-inositol (MI) pretreatment in OHSS.

Methods: In this experimental OHSS rat model, 42 immature Wistar albino female rats were divided into 6 groups: (1) the control group, (2) the ovarian stimulation group, (3) the OHSS group, (4) the OHSS + Metformin group, (5) OHSS + MI group, (6) OHSS + Metformin + MI group. OHSS was established after treatment with metformin and myo-inositol for 14 days, in the meanwhile the treatment of metformin and myo-inositol was also continued.

Sirenomelia: a review of embryogenic theories and discussion of the differences from caudal regression syndrome.

Objective: To discuss the pathological features of sirenomelia in the light of our 10 cases and review the current theories.

Methods: We identified 10 patients with sirenomelia from our hospital database. All clinical details and the autopsy features of 10 cases were noted.

Does uterine prolapse alter endometrial cyclooxygenase 2 expression and promote the development of premalignant lesions?

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and its association with the development of premalignant lesions in gland structures of the endometrium in patients with uterine prolapse, a condition which exposes the uterus to mechanical and infectious stress.

Methods: The study included 102 patients who underwent hysterectomy to correct grade 3-4 uterine prolapse and 105 patients who underwent hysterectomy for other causes. Endometrial gland structures underwent immunohistochemical staining and COX-2 expression was graded.

Histological investigation of the effect of soybean (Glycine max) extracts on the collagen layer and estrogen receptors in the skin of female rats.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of soybean extracts obtained using different extraction methods on the skin of female rats.

Method: A total of 64 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 8 equal groups. Various extracts were administered to the female rats by oral gavage for one month.

Prophylactic vitamin D supplementation in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: an animal study.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of vitamin D in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Methods: In this animal study, 28 immature female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: group 1 (control); group 2 (ovarian stimulation); group 3 (OHSS group); group 4 (OHSS + vitamin D group). All groups were killed 48 h after hCG administration and were compared in terms of vascular permeability, ovarian weight, ovarian diameter, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression (immunohistochemistry) in ovarian tissue and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) level in the serum (ELISA test) with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.

Placenta percreta resulting in incomplete spontaneous abortion in first trimester.

Placenta percreta is a rare complication potentially fatal to fetus and the mother. We present here a 41-year-old female patient who underwent curettage for incomplete abortion at 6(th) week of pregnancy. She had persistent vaginal bleeding for 2 months after the curettage, for which she was treated with hysterectomy.

CXCR-4 and COX-2 expression in basal cell carcinomas and well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas of the skin; their relationship with tumor invasiveness and histological subtype.

Objective: Both CXCR-4 and COX-2 are biological markers that play a significant role in several neoplastic processes. We explored the differences in expression of these markers in certain subtypes of basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinomas in general.

Material And Method: In this study, we investigated the differences between 38 patients with basal cell carcinoma (nodular, infiltrative and micro-nodular subtypes) and 24 patients with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas with respect to their depth of invasion, tumor location, age, and CXCR-4 and COX-2 expression.

Coexistence of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Löfgren's Syndrome.

A 46-year-old male patient diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis presented to our polyclinic with complaints of pain, swelling, and limitation in joint mobility in both ankles and erythema nodosum skin lesions in both pretibial sites. The sacroiliac joint graphy and the MRI taken revealed active and chronic sacroiliitis. On the thorax CT, multiple mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathies were reported.

Synchronous Primary Endometrial Carcinoma and Metastatic Malignant Melanoma in an Ovarian Cystic Teratoma.

Malignant transformation of a benign cystic teratoma of the ovary is only rarely seen. A review of the English literature revealed no reports of a malignant melanoma developing from concurrent primary endometrial carcinoma and ovarian cystic teratoma. We report herein a 54-year-old nulliparous woman who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a pelvic mass and was diagnosed by histopathological examination to have a malignant melanoma developing from concurrent primary endometrial carcinoma and ovarian cystic teratoma.

Sarcoidois: is it only a mimicker of primary rheumatic disease? A single center experience.

Background: Sarcoidosis is known as a T helper 1 lymphocyte (Th1-Ly) mediated disease which can imitate or sometimes accompany many primary rheumatic diseases. The purpose of this study is to share the clinical, demographic and laboratory data of patients presenting with rheumatologic manifestations and diagnosed with sarcoidosis.

Methods: A total of 42 patients (10 men) were included in the study.

Coexistence of sarcoidosis and systemic sclerosis.

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease characterized by hilar lymphadenopathy, involvement of internal organs, and diverse skin lesions. Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by skin hardening and different internal organ fibrosis, including vascular abnormality. Immune response associated with Th-2 has been shown in the early and active stage of the disease.

High-Grade Primary Spindle Cell Sarcoma of the Prostate: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Evaluation of the primary spindle cell sarcoma prostate, which is seen extremely rare, is aimed. Literature search was made through a search in the MedLine database using PubMed and Scopus for the articles published between January 1988 and September 2013. Electronic search was limited to the following keywords: "spindle cell sarcoma", "primary prostate sarcoma".