Optimal treatment strategy for paratesticular liposarcoma: retrospective analysis of 265 reported cases.

Background: Liposarcoma is one of the most common subtypes of soft tissue sarcoma. Although the standard treatment for localized liposarcoma is surgical resection with negative margins, a treatment specific to paratesticular liposarcoma has yet to be quantitatively evaluated.

Methods: A systematic search of Medline, Web of Science, Embase, and Google was performed to find articles describing localized paratesticular liposarcoma published between 1979 and 2018 in English.

Role of the MUC1-C oncoprotein in the acquisition of cisplatin resistance by urothelial carcinoma.

Mucin 1 C-terminal subunit (MUC1-C) has been introduced as a key regulator for acquiring drug resistance in various cancers, but the functional role of MUC1-C in urothelial carcinoma (UC) cells remains unknown. We aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of cisplatin (CDDP) resistance through MUC1-C oncoprotein in UC cells. MUC1-C expression was examined immunohistochemically in tumor specimens of 159 UC patients who received CDDP-based perioperative chemotherapy.

Significance of tumor microenvironment in acquiring resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor and recent advance of systemic treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

The development of systemic therapies, including vascular endothelial growth factor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF-TKI) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, inherent resistance is observed in some patients and acquired resistance commonly develops in many patients within several months of the initiation of systemic therapies. Since these treatments rarely cure patients, their aim is to suppress tumor progression and prolong survival.

Combi-CRISPR: combination of NHEJ and HDR provides efficient and precise plasmid-based knock-ins in mice and rats.

CRISPR-Cas9 are widely used for gene targeting in mice and rats. The non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair pathway, which is dominant in zygotes, efficiently induces insertion or deletion (indel) mutations as gene knockouts at targeted sites, whereas gene knock-ins (KIs) via homology-directed repair (HDR) are difficult to generate. In this study, we used a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) donor template with Cas9 and two single guide RNAs, one designed to cut the targeted genome sequences and the other to cut both the flanked genomic region and one homology arm of the dsDNA plasmid, which resulted in 20-33% KI efficiency among G0 pups.

Three-dimensional single-cell imaging for the analysis of RNA and protein expression in intact tumour biopsies.

Microscopy analysis of tumour samples is commonly performed on fixed, thinly sectioned and protein-labelled tissues. However, these examinations do not reveal the intricate three-dimensional structures of tumours, nor enable the detection of aberrant transcripts. Here, we report a method, which we name DIIFCO (for diagnosing in situ immunofluorescence-labelled cleared oncosamples), for the multimodal volumetric imaging of RNAs and proteins in intact tumour volumes and organoids.

Myasthenia gravis with myositis induced by pembrolizumab therapy in a patient with metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Pembrolizumab is a long-awaited drug for the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma. It is an immune checkpoint inhibitor, which has been shown to trigger new autoimmune disorders. We report a case of pembrolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis that occurred in an 84-year-old Japanese female with metastatic urothelial carcinoma in multiple organs.

Prioritising Urological Surgery in the COVID-19 Era: A Global Reflection on Guidelines.

Background: Determining whether members follow guidelines, including guidelines prepared to help direct practice management during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is an important goal for medical associations.

Objective: To determine whether practice of urologists is in line with guidelines for the management of common urological conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic produced by leading (inter)national urological associations.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Self-selected urologists completed a voluntary survey available online from March 27 to April 11, 2020 and distributed globally by the Société Internationale d'Urologie.

Umbilical closure using 2-octyl cyanoacrylate in transumbilical laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate postoperative pain and esthetic outcomes in patients undergoing transumbilical laparoscopic adrenalectomy with wound closure using 2-octyl cyanoacrylate.

Methods: A total of 26 patients who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy with the transumbilical approach and agreed to participate in this study were included. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: the 2-octyl cyanoacrylate group (Glue group) or the non-use group (non-Glue group).

Sunitinib Versus Sorafenib as Initial Targeted Therapy for mCC-RCC With Favorable/Intermediate Risk: Multicenter Randomized Trial CROSS-J-RCC.

Purpose: The present study compared the efficacy of sunitinib and sorafenib as first-line treatment of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mCC-RCC) with favorable or intermediate Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) risk.

Patients And Methods: Treatment-naive patients with mCC-RCC were randomized to receive open-label sunitinib followed by sorafenib (SU/SO) or sorafenib followed by sunitinib (SO/SU). The primary endpoint was first-line progression-free survival (PFS).

Real-world use of temsirolimus in Japanese patients with unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma: recent consideration based on the results of a post-marketing, all-case surveillance study.

Objective: A prospective, observational, post-marketing surveillance was conducted to assess the safety and effectiveness of temsirolimus in patients with renal cell carcinoma in Japan.

Methods: Patients prescribed temsirolimus for advanced renal cell carcinoma were registered and received temsirolimus (25 mg weekly, intravenous infusion for 30-60 minutes) in routine clinical settings (observation period: 96 weeks).

Results: Among 1001 patients included in the safety analysis data set (median age, 65.

Real-world use of sorafenib for advanced renal cell carcinoma patients with cardiovascular disease: nationwide survey in Japan.

Objectives: To assess whether the clinical outcome of advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with sorafenib, in real-world conditions, differs in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: mRCC patients (n = 2256 before matching) were matched by propensity score into CVD (n = 560) and non-CVD groups (n = 560), followed by safety and effectiveness analyzes.

Results: After matching, patients' features used for matching were balanced between the CVD and non-CVD groups, except for age (p = 0.

Influence of chemoradiotherapy on nutritional status in locally advanced rectal cancer: Prospective multicenter study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on nutritional status and the association between changes in nutritional status and clinical outcomes (treatment completion, adverse events, perioperative complications, and relapse-free survival [RFS]) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Methods: In this multicenter, phase II study, 41 patients with LARC underwent CRT for 5 wk, followed by a 6- to 8-wk interval before surgery. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), lean body mass, serum albumin, and prealbumin levels were measured before (pre-), during, and after CRT, and before surgery.

External validation of the "optimal PSA follow-up schedule after radical prostatectomy" in a new cohort.

Background: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) is most commonly diagnosed by detecting an increase in asymptomatic prostate-specific antigen (PSA). We previously reported the "optimal PSA follow-up schedule after RP". The aim of this study was to confirm the usefulness and safety of that follow-up schedule in another cohort.

Comparison of postoperative plasma D-dimer levels between patients undergoing laparoscopic resection and conventional open resection for colorectal cancer.

Introduction: D-dimer is widely used in clinical pretests for venous thromboembolism exclusion, and its elevation suggests the presence of thrombus. The extent of hypercoagulability after colorectal surgery has not been systematically compared between patients who have undergone laparoscopic surgery and open surgery. The present study measured D-dimer levels sequentially in patients undergoing colorectal surgery and compared the extent of hypercoagulability between laparoscopic surgery and open surgery.

The pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a novel biomarker for predicting clinical responses to pembrolizumab in platinum-resistant metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients.

Purpose: We investigated the relationship between pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (pre-NLR) levels just before the initiation of treatment with pembrolizumab and clinical outcomes in platinum-resistant metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients treated with pembrolizumab.

Methods: Our study population comprised 78 patients diagnosed with metastatic UC and treated with pembrolizumab after platinum-based chemotherapy at our institutions between December 2017 and April 2019. We examined the relationships between pre-NLR levels just before pembrolizumab treatment and clinical outcomes.

Author Correction: MUC1-C regulates lineage plasticity driving progression to neuroendocrine prostate cancer.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Appropriate timing for a biochemical evaluation after adrenalectomy for unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma.

Context: The oversecretion of plasma aldosterone by unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) can be cured by adrenalectomy. However, the time needed for the endocrine environment to normalize remains unclear.

Objective: To clarify adequate timing for a biochemical evaluation in unilateral APA patients after adrenalectomy.

Successful Treatment of End-stage Renal Disease in a Patient With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia by Kidney Transplantation and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Case Report.

Consensus regarding kidney transplantation feasibility in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) well controlled by tyrosine kinase inhibitors has not yet been achieved. Here, we report a patient with CML well controlled by tyrosine kinase inhibitors who developed end-stage renal disease during treatment and underwent kidney transplantation. CML activity has been carefully and successfully controlled for 4 years post-transplant.

MUC1-C regulates lineage plasticity driving progression to neuroendocrine prostate cancer.

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive malignancy with no effective targeted therapies. The oncogenic MUC1-C protein is overexpressed in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and NEPC, but its specific role is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that upregulation of MUC1-C in androgen-dependent PC cells suppresses androgen receptor (AR) axis signaling and induces the neural BRN2 transcription factor.

Biopsy-diagnosed renal granuloma after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for bladder carcinoma: a case series and review of the literature.

Renal granuloma is a rare complication affecting the kidneys after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy for bladder carcinoma. Our case series review describes the imaging and histopathological findings of BCG-induced renal granulomas. All three renal granulomas, which were located in the upper pole, had a solitary mass-like appearance.