Chiral Van Der Waals Superlattices for Enhanced Spin-Selective Transport and Spin-Dependent Electrocatalytic Performance.

The emergence of the chiral-induced spin-selectivity (CISS) effect offers a new avenue for chiral organic molecules to autonomously manipulate spin configurations, thereby opening up possibilities in spintronics and spin-dependent electrochemical applications. Despite extensive exploration of various chiral systems as spin filters, one often encounters challenges in achieving simultaneously high conductivity and high spin polarization (SP). In this study, a promising chiral van der Waals superlattice, specifically the chiral TiS crystal, is synthesized via electrochemical intercalation of chiral molecules into a metallic TiS single crystal.

Characterization of a novel interaction of the Nup159 nucleoporin with asymmetrically localized spindle pole body proteins and its link with autophagy.

Both the spindle microtubule-organizing centers and the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are convoluted structures where many signaling pathways converge to coordinate key events during cell division. Interestingly, despite their distinct molecular conformation and overall functions, these structures share common components and collaborate in the regulation of essential processes. We have established a new link between microtubule-organizing centers and nuclear pores in budding yeast by unveiling an interaction between the Bfa1/Bub2 complex, a mitotic exit inhibitor that localizes on the spindle pole bodies, and the Nup159 nucleoporin.

Manganese Stress Tolerance Depends on Yap1 and Stress-Activated MAP Kinases.

Understanding which intracellular signaling pathways are activated by manganese stress is crucial to decipher how metal overload compromise cellular integrity. Here, we unveil a role for oxidative and cell wall stress signaling in the response to manganese stress in yeast. We find that the oxidative stress transcription factor Yap1 protects cells against manganese toxicity.

A very-high-energy component deep in the γ-ray burst afterglow.

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are brief flashes of γ-rays and are considered to be the most energetic explosive phenomena in the Universe. The emission from GRBs comprises a short (typically tens of seconds) and bright prompt emission, followed by a much longer afterglow phase. During the afterglow phase, the shocked outflow-produced by the interaction between the ejected matter and the circumburst medium-slows down, and a gradual decrease in brightness is observed.

Search for γ-Ray Line Signals from Dark Matter Annihilations in the Inner Galactic Halo from 10 Years of Observations with H.E.S.S.

Spectral lines are among the most powerful signatures for dark matter (DM) annihilation searches in very-high-energy γ rays. The central region of the Milky Way halo is one of the most promising targets given its large amount of DM and proximity to Earth. We report on a search for a monoenergetic spectral line from self-annihilations of DM particles in the energy range from 300 GeV to 70 TeV using a two-dimensional maximum likelihood method taking advantage of both the spectral and spatial features of the signal versus background.

Late rDNA Condensation Ensures Timely Cdc14 Release and Coordination of Mitotic Exit Signaling with Nucleolar Segregation.

The nucleolus plays a pivotal role in multiple key cellular processes. An illustrative example is the regulation of mitotic exit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through the nucleolar sequestration of the Cdc14 phosphatase. The peculiar structure of the nucleolus, however, has also its drawbacks.

H.E.S.S. Limits on Linelike Dark Matter Signatures in the 100 GeV to 2 TeV Energy Range Close to the Galactic Center.

Unlabelled: A search for dark matter linelike signals iss performed in the vicinity of the Galactic Center by the H.E.S.

Search for Dark Matter Annihilations towards the Inner Galactic Halo from 10 Years of Observations with H.E.S.S.

The inner region of the Milky Way halo harbors a large amount of dark matter (DM). Given its proximity, it is one of the most promising targets to look for DM. We report on a search for the annihilations of DM particles using γ-ray observations towards the inner 300 pc of the Milky Way, with the H.

Constraints on an annihilation signal from a core of constant dark matter density around the milky way center with H.E.S.S.

An annihilation signal of dark matter is searched for from the central region of the Milky Way. Data acquired in dedicated on-off observations of the Galactic center region with H.E.

Search for photon-linelike signatures from dark matter annihilations with H.E.S.S.

Gamma-ray line signatures can be expected in the very-high-energy (E(γ)>100 GeV) domain due to self-annihilation or decay of dark matter (DM) particles in space. Such a signal would be readily distinguishable from astrophysical γ-ray sources that in most cases produce continuous spectra that span over several orders of magnitude in energy. Using data collected with the H.

Leptin and adiponectin levels in pubertal children: relationship with anthropometric variables and body composition.

Background: Adipocytokines play an important role in controlling energy homeostasis, and in various metabolic processes related to obesity. The aim of this study was to describe serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations in a sample of pubertal Spanish children and to evaluate their association with anthropometric parameters and body composition.

Methods: The study included 833 pubertal boys and girls.

Sex hormone-binding globulin and lipid profile in pubertal children.

Men and women have different lipid profiles throughout life, related to changes in sex hormones; and this has been associated with sex-related differences in the prevalence of coronary heart disease. The influence of sex hormone changes during puberty on the lipid profile has been reported, but levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (the specific plasma binding protein of sex hormones) have not been evaluated even though its regulatory role might be crucial. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between sex hormones and SHBG and changes in plasma lipid levels during puberty.

Sex hormone-binding globulin levels and metabolic syndrome and its features in adolescents.

Background: Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) are associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome (MS) in men and women, and it has been suggested that SHBG could be a useful marker for MS risk.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of SHBG levels with MS and its components in Spanish adolescents.

Methods: The sample population of this cross-sectional study was comprised of 386 male and 429 female adolescents, aged 12-16 yr.

Radio imaging of the very-high-energy gamma-ray emission region in the central engine of a radio galaxy.

The accretion of matter onto a massive black hole is believed to feed the relativistic plasma jets found in many active galactic nuclei (AGN). Although some AGN accelerate particles to energies exceeding 10(12) electron volts and are bright sources of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission, it is not yet known where the VHE emission originates. Here we report on radio and VHE observations of the radio galaxy Messier 87, revealing a period of extremely strong VHE gamma-ray flares accompanied by a strong increase of the radio flux from its nucleus.

Genetic determinants of plasma HDL-cholesterol levels in prepubertal children.

Introduction: Genetic determinants have been related to variation of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, but the extension of this association remains controversial. In our study, we analyzed the contribution of several polymorphisms on HDL-C-related genes to variation of plasma HDL-C in prepubertal children.

Methods: We studied 1269 (641 males and 628 females) 6-8 years old healthy children, who participated in a cross-sectional study examining cardiovascular risk factors in Spain.

Observation of pulsed gamma-rays above 25 GeV from the Crab pulsar with MAGIC.

One fundamental question about pulsars concerns the mechanism of their pulsed electromagnetic emission. Measuring the high-end region of a pulsar's spectrum would shed light on this question. By developing a new electronic trigger, we lowered the threshold of the Major Atmospheric gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescope to 25 giga-electron volts.

Very-high-energy gamma rays from a distant quasar: how transparent is the universe?

The atmospheric Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope MAGIC, designed for a low-energy threshold, has detected very-high-energy gamma rays from a giant flare of the distant Quasi-Stellar Radio Source (in short: radio quasar) 3C 279, at a distance of more than 5 billion light-years (a redshift of 0.536). No quasar has been observed previously in very-high-energy gamma radiation, and this is also the most distant object detected emitting gamma rays above 50 gigaelectron volts.

Hormone levels in 12- to 15-year-old boys and girls in Spain and their relationship with anthropometric variables.

Objective: To determine hormone levels in a population-based sample of pubertal children and evaluate their association with anthropometric parameters.

Methods: Sex steroid levels were assessed using RIA and IRMA.

Results: In boys, changes in weight and height across the period were accompanied by changes in testosterone and SHBG.

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in overweight children.

Objective: The association of childhood overweight with cardiovascular risk factors seems to change by sex and age, which may indicate that hormonal status could be the cause of this different association. In this study, we analyzed the relationship of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) with the alterations associated with overweight by analyzing the influence of this hormone in the differences found in biochemical variables between normal-weight and overweight prepubertal children. RESEARCH METHODS AND DESIGN: The study included 684 6- to 8-year-old children (350 boys and 334 girls) categorized by the presence or absence of overweight, according to the age- and sex-specific cut-off points proposed for children.

Analysis of tandem repeats found in 44 prokaryotic genomes.

Genomes contain various types of repetitive sequences. They may be used as probes for seeking genome rearrangements because they are rather free from the natural selection if they are located in the intergenic regions. In this study, we searched for tandem repeats (TRs) in 44 prokaryotic genomes by the color-coding method and sought the signs of genome rearrangements by detailed analysis of the detected TRs.

Variable very-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the microquasar LS I +61 303.

Microquasars are binary star systems with relativistic radio-emitting jets. They are potential sources of cosmic rays and can be used to elucidate the physics of relativistic jets. We report the detection of variable gamma-ray emission above 100 gigaelectron volts from the microquasar LS I 61 + 303.

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) distribution in Spanish prepuberal children: relationship with fasting plasma insulin concentrations and insulin resistance.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels in a population-based sample of Spanish prepuberal children and to investigate the relationship between DHEA-S and insulin.

Methods: 854 (440 boys and 414 girls) randomly selected prepuberal children were included in our study after a sampling. Children were 6 to 8 years old and were classified for the analysis in half-year intervals.

Insulin and HOMA in Spanish prepubertal children: relationship with lipid profile.

Objective: The effects of insulin or insulin resistance on the lipid profile seem to change with age. The aim of this study was to analyze insulin levels and an insulin resistance index and to investigate the relationship between these and the lipid profile in a population-based sample of Spanish prepubertal children.

Methods: 1048 (524 boys and 524 girls) randomly selected prepubertal children were studied.

New glycosidases inhibitors, panosialins D and wD produced by Streptomyces sp. OH-5186.

New panosialin analog, panosialins D and wD have been isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. OH-5186. Their structures were elucidated as 5-(13-methylpentadecyl)-1,3-benzenediol bis(sodium sulfate) and 5-(13-methylpentadecyl)-1,3-benzenediol 1-(sodium sulfate), respectively.

Non-stereoselective formation of 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-26-oic acid during cholic acid biosynthesis.

Incubation of (25RS)-, (25R)- and (25S)-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-26-oic acid (THCA, 6, 6a, 6b) and (24E)-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholest-24-en-26-oic acid (7) with rat liver mitochondria gave all four stereoisomers (9a,9b,9c,9d) of 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24-Tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-26-oic acid (TeHCA). The corresponding 27-nor analogs (10,11) were also converted non-stereoselectively to a 1:1 mixture of the epimeric 24-hydroxy compounds (12).