Diethyl nitrosamine-induces neurobehavioral deficit, oxido-nitrosative stress in rats' brain: a neuroprotective role of diphenyl diselenide.

Diethylnitrosamine (DEN), a common dietary carcinogen, is associated with neurotoxicity in humans and animals. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) against DEN-induced neurotoxicity in male Albino Wistar rats (n = 40). Rats were randomly distributed into cohorts and treated as follows: vehicle control (corn oil 2 mL/kg; gavage), DPDS-only (5 mg/kg; gavage) and DEN-only (200 mg/kg; single dose i.

Subchondral Bone Degeneration and Pathology 3-15 Years Following Ankle Sprain Injury in Adolescent Sport.

Background: Sport-related ankle sprains (SASs) are prevalent in adolescents (ages 10-19), increasing the risk of developing posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Although early ankle osteoarthritis (OA) is not well defined, OA eventually includes alterations in bone mineral density (BMD), structural changes, and soft tissue pathology. This study examined the impact of SAS sustained in adolescent sport on bone and soft tissue structural outcomes 3-15 years postinjury.

An in vivo and in silico probing of the protective potential of betaine against sodium fluoride-induced neurotoxicity.

Excessive fluoride exposure beyond the tolerable limit may adversely impacts brain functionality. Betaine (BET), a trimethyl glycine, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic functions, although the underlying mechanisms of the role of BET on fluoride-induced neurotoxicity remain unelucidated. To assess the mechanism involved in the neuro-restorative role of BET on behavioural, neurochemical, and histological changes, we employed a rat model of sodium fluoride (NaF) exposure.

Coverage from medical teams and injury/illness epidemiology within youth athletics in Africa: A prospective study during the 2023 African Youth Under 18/20 Athletics Championships.

Objectives: To describe athletes' coverage by national medical teams, and injuries and illnesses occurring during the four weeks before and during the 2023 African Youth Under 18/20 Athletics Championships.

Design: Cross-sectional and prospective cohort study design.

Methods: We conducted a study with data collection of: 1) national medical teams, 2) injury and illness complaints during the four weeks preceding the championships using an online pre-participation health questionnaire, and 3) newly incurred in-championship injuries and illnesses collected by national medical teams and the local organising committee using daily standardised online report forms, for all registered athletes at the championships.

Normative Hamstrings and Quadriceps Isometric Strength Values and Hamstrings-Quadriceps Asymmetry in Healthy Collegiate Soccer and Basketball Players.

The objectives of this study were to report weight-normalized, sex- and sport-stratified normative values for hamstrings and quadriceps isometric strength in collegiate soccer and basketball players using a low-cost hand-held dynamometer and assess the prevalence of "substantial" hamstrings-quadriceps (H/Q) ratio strength imbalance (<0.6) among players. Ninety-four healthy collegiate male and female soccer and basketball players (age range: 18-24 years) were examined for baseline isometric hamstrings and quadriceps strength using a handheld isometric dynamometer with standardized and valid protocols.

Prepubertal Repeated Berberine Supplementation Enhances Cerebrocerebellar Functions by Modulating Neurochemical and Behavioural Changes in Wistar Rats.

Antioxidant-rich supplementation plays an essential role in the function of mammals' central nervous system. However, no research has documented the effect of berberine (BER) supplementation on the cerebrocerebellar function of prepubertal rats. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of BER supplementation on neurochemical and behavioural changes in prepubertal male rats.

Evaluating Reduced Blood Monitoring Frequency and the Detection of Hematological Abnormalities in Clozapine-Treated Patients With Schizophrenia: A Chart Review Study From the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Hypothesis: In response to Health Canada's March 2020 directive, patients on clozapine for over 12 months were allowed to extend hematological testing intervals from 4 to 8 weeks during the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that this change would not affect the timely detection of hematological abnormalities in patients with severe mental illness.

Study Design: A chart review was conducted of patients at the Royal Ottawa who were prescribed clozapine from March 2019 to March 2021.

Snooze it or Lose it: Understanding Sleep Disturbance and Injuries in Soccer and Basketball Student-Athletes.

Objectives: To assess the sleep characteristics of collegiate soccer and basketball student-athletes and explore the associations between sleep and injury risk.

Design: Cohort study.

Setting: NCAA D1 and NAIA Tier 1.

Evaluating the factor structure, reliability and validity of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (CBI-SS) among faculty of arts students of Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

The Copenhagen burnout inventory-student survey (CBI-SS) has shown promising psychometric properties in diverse student populations. This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Nigerian version of the CBI-SS. This was a cross-sectional study of 635 students from Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

Best practices for the dissemination and implementation of neuromuscular training injury prevention warm-ups in youth team sport: a systematic review.

Objective: To evaluate best practices for neuromuscular training (NMT) injury prevention warm-up programme dissemination and implementation (D&I) in youth team sports, including characteristics, contextual predictors and D&I strategy effectiveness.

Design: Systematic review.

Data Sources: Seven databases were searched.

Diphenyl Diselenide Through Reduction of Inflammation, Oxidative Injury and Caspase-3 Activation Abates Doxorubicin-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats.

Neurotoxicity associated with chemotherapy is a debilitating side effect of cancer management in humans which reportedly involves inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) is an organoselenium compound which exhibits its anti-tumoral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-mutagenic effects. Nevertheless, its possible effect on chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is not known.

Injury severity at the time of sport-related ankle sprain is associated with symptoms and quality of life in young adults after 3-15 years.

Background: Ankle sprains are the most common sports-related injuries. Individuals with time-loss ankle sprains often experience residual symptoms and chronic ankle instability years after injury. Up to 90% of post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis cases are associated with severe ankle sprain.

Development and Validation of Cannabis Use Disorder Scale among University Undergraduates in Nigeria.

Background: Psychoactive substance use continues to be an important public health issue among the populace, most especially in adolescents and young adults. Cannabis is one of the commonly used substances with associated health complications, hence the necessity for its screening among at-risk people. Thus, our study set out to develop and validate a screening inventory, the Cannabis Use Disorder Scale (CUDS) for cannabis use detection among undergraduate students in Nigeria.

Exogenous taurine administration abates reproductive dysfunction in male rats exposed to silver nanoparticles.

The broad contemporary applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been associated with various toxicities including reproductive toxicity. Taurine is well acknowledged for its potent pharmacological role in numerous disease models and chemically-mediated toxicity. We investigated the effect of taurine on AgNPs-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats.

Amelioration of neurobehavioral, biochemical, and morphological alterations associated with silver nanoparticles exposure by taurine in rats.

The adverse effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the nervous system is an emerging concern of public interest globally. Taurine, an essential amino acid required for neurogenesis in the nervous system, is well-documented to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. Yet, there is no report in the literature on the effect of taurine on neurotoxicity related to AgNPs exposure.

Attenuation of doxorubicin-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis dysfunction by diphenyl diselenide involves suppression of hormonal deficits, oxido-inflammatory stress and caspase 3 activity in rats.

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the popular anti-cancer drugs in the world and several literatures have implicated it in various toxicities especially cardiotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. Diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) is well acknowledged for its compelling pharmacological effects in numerous disease models and chemically-mediated toxicity. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of DPDS on DOX-induced changes in the reproductive indices of male Wistar rats.

Who Does Not Respond to Injury Prevention Warm-up Programs? A Secondary Analysis of Trial Data From Neuromuscular Training Programs in Youth Basketball, Soccer, and Physical Education.

To identify factors associated with nonresponse to neuromuscular training (NMT) warm-up programs among youth exposed to NMT warm-ups. This is a secondary analysis of youth (aged 11-18 years) in the intervention groups of 4 randomized controlled trials in high school basketball, youth community soccer, and junior high school physical education. Youth who were exposed to NMT and who sustained an injury during the study were considered .

Influence of furan and lead co-exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations on neurobehavioral performance, redox-regulatory system and apoptotic responses in rats.

Furan and lead are contaminants of global concern due to the potential public health threat associated with their exposure. Herein, the neurobehavioral performance, biochemical effects and histological alterations associated with co-exposure to furan (8 mg/kg) and lead acetate at low, environmentally realistic concentrations (1, 10 and 100 µg PbAc/L) for 28 uninterrupted days were investigated in rats. The results demonstrated that locomotor, motor and exploratory deficits associated with separate exposure to furan and lead was exacerbated in the co-exposed rats.

Is Cumulative Load Associated with Injuries in Youth Team Sport? A Systematic Review.

Background: High cumulative external and internal load may predispose athletes to increased risk for injury across a variety of sports, competition levels, and age groups. However, evidence of an association between cumulative load and injury in youth sport remains inconclusive. The objective of this study was to determine the current evidence for cumulative load and injury risk relationships in youth team sport through a systematic review of the existing literature.

Assessment of Objective and Subjective Cognitive Function in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression Undergoing Repeated Ketamine Infusions.

Background: Subanesthetic ketamine infusions can elicit rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, yet the potential cognitive impact of ketamine has not been thoroughly examined. This study measured changes in objective and subjective cognitive function following repeated ketamine treatment.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients with treatment-resistant depression were administered cognitive assessments before and after undergoing 7 i.

Absence of Injury Is Not Absence of Pain: Prevalence of Preseason Musculoskeletal Pain and Associated Factors in Collegiate Soccer and Basketball Student Athletes.

Unlike musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries, MSK pain is rarely studied in athletes. In this study, we examined the prevalence of preseason MSK pain in apparently healthy collegiate soccer and basketball players and its relationship with previous injuries (1-year history), among other factors. Ninety-seven eligible student athletes (mean age: 20.