Programmed Death-1 Inhibitor Immunotherapy-Induced Symptomatic Toxic Thyroid Nodule.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, specifically programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-LI) inhibitors, are immune modifying medications that increasingly treat specific types of cancer. They are known to cause many side effects, including thyroid-related side effects. The use of PD-L1 inhibitors can cause hypothyroidism most commonly, while hyperthyroidism occurs less frequently.

An Unusual Case of Severe Atelectasis: Mucus Impaction in a Young Obese Female.

Atelectasis is defined as the the loss of lung volume due to collapse of lung tissue and is usually associated with symptoms of respiratory distress, including increased work of breathing and increased oxygen requirements. It is common in hospitalized patients with limited mobility and in patients with underlying lung conditions. Treatment is largely supportive when no underlying condition is identified.

Thoracic Splenosis in the Setting of Abdominal Trauma.

The uncommon case of thoracic splenosis is presented in this paper. A patient presents to the hospital with the complaint of dyspnea on exertion. He is incidentally found to have thoracic splenosis.

Effects of Initiating or Switching to a Six-Monthly Triptorelin Formulation on Prostate Cancer Patient-Healthcare Interactions and Hospital Resource Use: a Real-World, Retrospective, Non-Interventional Study.

Introduction: Luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonist (LHRHa) injections are currently used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, but the frequency of injections may represent a burden to patients and healthcare services. The aim of this study was to collect real-world evidence about clinical and practical outcomes for patients with prostate cancer initiating six-monthly triptorelin, or switching from shorter-acting formulations to six-monthly triptorelin, in hospitals in the DEcapeptyl SERVice Evaluation project.

Methods: Up to 2 years of data were collected retrospectively by physicians from records of 88 patients receiving six-monthly triptorelin at three centres.

Initial experience of an algorithm-based protocol for the community follow-up of men with prostate cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the implementation of a novel algorithm-based discharge programme for the community follow-up of men with prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: Men with prostate cancer considered suitable for discharge were identified from consultant-led and clinical nurse-specialist telephone clinics at Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust. Patients were discharged on to one of four discharge pathways: watchful waiting, androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), post-prostatectomy, and post-radiotherapy.

Anatomical studies of the neurovascular bundle and cavernosal nerves.

Objective: To accurately define the anatomy of the neurovascular bundle (NVB) in men.

Materials And Methods: The NVB was microdissected in detail bilaterally in 12 fixed human male adult cadavers. The anatomy of the NVB and its relationship to surrounding pelvic structures was ascertained in each specimen.

Cowper's syringocele causing painful haematuria in an adult.

A Cowper's syringocele in an adult is rare. Ten cases are reported in the world literature. The authors report a case of painful haematuria due to the presence of a Cowper's syringocele in an adult.