Identifying Settler Colonial Determinants of Indigenous Health Within the United States: A Discursive Paper.

Aim(s): This discursive article aims to examine how systemic factors (both) reproduce the structure of settler colonialism and influence health outcomes among Indigenous peoples in the United States through settler colonial determinants of Indigenous health (SCDoIH).

Design: Discursive paper.

Methods: This discursive paper demonstrates how settler colonialism and health relate to each other within a nursing context.

In vitro measurement of the initial forces and moments generated for a curve of Spee malocclusion with labial and lingual archwire forms.

Objectives: To compare the biomechanics of labial and lingual fixed orthodontic treatment options for a simulated curve of Spee malocclusion.

Materials And Methods: An in vitro electromechanical orthodontic simulator was used to measure the three-dimensional forces and moments on each tooth of a mandibular arch. Labial and lingual brackets, both with 0.

ATP-competitive inhibitors of PI3K enzymes demonstrate an isoform selective dual action by controlling membrane binding.

PI3Kα, consisting of the p110α isoform of the catalytic subunit of PI 3-kinase (encoded by PIK3CA) and the p85α regulatory subunit (encoded by PI3KR1) is activated by growth factor receptors. The identification of common oncogenic mutations in PIK3CA has driven the development of many inhibitors that bind to the ATP-binding site in the p110α subunit. Upon activation, PI3Kα undergoes conformational changes that promote its membrane interaction and catalytic activity, yet the effects of ATP-site directed inhibitors on the PI3Kα membrane interaction are unknown.

Building decolonial nursing curricula to address disparities in Indigenous women's maternal health.

Background: Social and health inequities and inequalities are rising all over the world (Chinn & Falk-Rafael, 2018; McGibbon et al., 2014; Smtih, 2012). Nursing students should therefore be educated to understand the multifaceted factors creating health inequities and the degree to which non-biological elements can be embodied and become biological (e.

Dietary protein defends lean mass and maintains the metabolic benefits of glucagon receptor agonism in mice.

Objective: Glucagon has long been proposed as a component of multi-agonist obesity therapeutics due to its ability to induce energy expenditure and cause weight loss. However, chronic glucagon-receptor agonism has been associated with a reduction in circulating amino acids and loss of lean mass. Importantly, it is currently not known whether the metabolic benefits of glucagon can be maintained under contexts that allow the defence of lean mass.

Cisplatin induced alterations in nociceptor developmental trajectory elicits a TrkA dependent platinum-based chemotherapy induced neuropathic pain.

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a common treatment for paediatric cancer. Unfortunately, cisplatin treatment causes neuropathic pain, a highly prevalent adverse health related complication in adult childhood cancer survivors. Due to minimal understanding of this condition, there are currently no condition tailored analgesics available.

Treatment with lipoxin A 4 improves influenza A infection outcome through macrophage reprogramming, anti-inflammatory and pro-resolutive responses.

Objective And Design: Here, we evaluated whether a synthetic lipoxin mimetic, designated AT-01-KG, would improve the course of influenza A infection in a murine model.

Treatment: Mice were infected with influenza A/H1N1 and treated with AT-01-KG (1.7 mg/kg/day, i.

Naïve T-cell decline is a significant contributor to expression changes in ageing blood.

No clear consensus has emerged from the literature on the gene expression changes that occur in human whole blood with age. In this study we compared whole blood ageing genes from the published literature with data on gene specificity for leukocyte subtypes. Surprisingly we found that highly ranked ageing genes were predominantly expressed by naïve T cells, with limited expression from more common cell types.

Intra-islet glucagon signalling regulates beta-cell connectivity, first-phase insulin secretion and glucose homoeostasis.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterised by the loss of first-phase insulin secretion. We studied mice with β-cell selective loss of the glucagon receptor (Gcgr X Ins-1), to investigate the role of intra-islet glucagon receptor (GCGR) signalling on pan-islet [Ca] activity and insulin secretion.

Methods: Metabolic profiling was conducted on Gcgr and littermate controls.

Assessing the Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Intervention on Hand Hygiene and Well-Being in Primary Health Care Centers and Schools Lacking Functional Water Supply in Protracted Conflict Settings: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Hand hygiene is crucial in health care centers and schools to avoid disease transmission. Currently, little is known about hand hygiene in such facilities in protracted conflict settings.

Objective: This protocol aims to assess the effectiveness of a multicomponent hand hygiene intervention on handwashing behavior, underlying behavioral factors, and the well-being of health care workers and students.

Numerical investigation of heterogeneous soft particle pairs in inertial microfluidics.

The formation of pairs of particles or cells of different types in microfluidic channels can be desired or detrimental in healthcare applications. It is still unclear what role softness heterogeneity plays in the formation of these particle pairs. We use an in-house lattice-Boltzmann-immersed-boundary-finite-element solver to simulate a pair of particles with different softness flowing through a straight channel with a rectangular cross-section under initial conditions representative of a dilute suspension.

PALEOEPIDEMIOLOGY OF DIPHYLLOBOTHRIOSIS: CULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING ADENOCEPHALUS INTENSITY AND PREVALENCE.

Peruvian and Chilean mummies and coprolites provide a source of population-based parasitological information. This is especially true of the fish tapeworm, Adenocephalus pacificus. Our analysis of Chinchorro and Chiribaya mummies and diversified coprolite samples from Chile and Peru show variation in infection.

Assessment of Contact Allergens in "Hypoallergenic" Athletic Shoes by Mass Spectrometry.

Identification of athletic shoes for patients with contact allergy is difficult. Company reports of allergen content are often incorrect. To determine whether chemical analysis of 4 athletic shoes, previously reported to be free of the most common contact allergens, contain quantifiable allergen levels.

Evaluation of quantitative biomarkers of aging in human PBMCs.

Functional decline with age contributes significantly to the burden of disease in developed countries. There is growing interest in the development of therapeutic interventions which slow or even reverse aging. Time and cost constraints prohibit the testing of a large number of interventions for health and lifespan extension in model organisms.

A general synthesis of aromatic and heteroaromatic lipoxin B analogues.

Lipoxins are an important class of pro-resolving mediators that play a crucial role in the resolution of inflammation. Thus, the synthesis of more chemically and metabolically stable synthetic lipoxin analogues is an area of significant interest. Whereas synthetic analogues of lipoxin A (LXA) have been well studied, analogues of lipoxin B (LXB) have been the focus of considerably less attention.

HEAD LOUSE PALEOEPIDEMIOLOGY IN THE OSMORE RIVER VALLEY, SOUTHERN PERU.

Recent studies of louse ectoparasites from mummies have developed robust data sets that allow a true epidemiological approach to the prehistory of louse parasitism. One epidemiological principle is that the binomial of overdispersion is normally negative, meaning that in a host population, parasites are aggregated in a few individuals. We demonstrate the overdispersion of lice in 3 different prehistoric communities that differ along 3 axes or variables: environmental setting, socioeconomic status, and cultural affiliation.

Pathways and processes to the embodiment of historical trauma secondary to settler colonialism.

Aim(s): This discursive article aims to examine how systemic factors of settler colonialism influence health outcomes among Indigenous peoples in the United States through pathways and processes that may lead to the embodiment of historical trauma.

Design: Discursive paper.

Methods: We completed a comprehensive search of empirical and grey literature between September 2022 and January 2023 in PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar.

Numerical investigation of the dynamics of a rigid spherical particle in a vortical cross-slot flow at moderate inertia.

The study of flow and particle dynamics in microfluidic cross-slot channels is of high relevance for lab-on-a-chip applications. In this work, we investigate the dynamics of a rigid spherical particle in a cross-slot junction for a channel height-to-width ratio of 0.6 and at a Reynolds number of 120 for which a steady vortex exists in the junction area.

Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Bismacycles via Post-Transmetallation Modification of Arylboronic Acids.

Bismacycles featuring a sulfone-bridged scaffold have recently been developed as versatile and convenient electrophilic arylating agents. Here, we report that the exocyclic aryl group, which is ultimately transferred to a nucleophilic coupling partner, can be functionalized through cross-coupling, heteroatom substitutions, oxidations and reductions, and protecting group manipulations. This "postsynthetic modification" approach provides concise and divergent access to complex aryl bismacycles.

Dax1 modulates ERα-dependent hypothalamic estrogen sensing in female mice.

Coupling the release of pituitary hormones to the developmental stage of the oocyte is essential for female fertility. It requires estrogen to restrain kisspeptin (KISS1)-neuron pulsatility in the arcuate hypothalamic nucleus, while also exerting a surge-like effect on KISS1-neuron activity in the AVPV hypothalamic nucleus. However, a mechanistic basis for this region-specific effect has remained elusive.