Nosocomial infections in a newborn intensive-care unit. Results of forty-one months of surveillance.

We detected a 24.6 per cent nosocomial infection rate (222 infections in 138 infants) among 904 infants hospitalized for over 48 hours in a regional newborn intensive-care during 41 months of surveillance. Surface infections accounted for 40.

Effective antiviral chemotherapy in cytomegalovirus infection of mice.

Both murine and human strains of cytomegalovirus were shown to be sensitive to the antiviral effects of adenine arabinoside and phosphonoacetic acid in tissue culture. In mice with lethal cytomegalovirus infections, treatment with adenine arabinoside (either 500 mg/kg intraperitoneally once daily or 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally twice daily for seven days) failed to reduce the mortality rate or to decrease the mean number of days until death. In contrast, treatment with the same dosage regimen of phosphonoacetic acid significantly reduced the mortality rate and decreased the mean number of days until death even when therapy was delayed for 24 hr.

Comparison of differential diagnostic discrimination for abbreviated and standard MMPI.

MMPI response protocols for 194 psychiatric patients were scored on the basis of the first 168 items and then on the usual 400 items. The MMPI-168 raw scores were converted to estimates of conventional clinical scale scores. The Ss were divided into 10 major categories on the basis of final clinical diagnosis.

Effect of cytosine arabinoside and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine on a cytomegalovirus infection in newborn mice.

Murine cytomegalovirus was inhibited by 0.6 to 1.2 mug of cytosine arabinoside per ml and by 0.

Mycoplasma-mediated hyporeactivity to various interferon inducers.

Three strains of Mycoplasma arthritidis were shown to induce marked hyporeactivity in mice to interferon induction by both Newcastle disease virus and poly(I:C). In contrast, the interferon response of mice to tilorone was only partially suppressed by pretreatment of the animals with mycoplasms. Hyporeactivity to Newcastle disease virus was maximal 1 and 3 days after mycoplasms treatment, but the interferon response was maximal 1 day after injection of the mycoplasmas and was no longer apparent by 5 days.

Dimensions of marihuana experience.

A questionnaire concerned with expected effects of marihuana was completed by 182 persons with histories of social use of the drug. The majority of subjects were relatively infrequent users. Reported experiences from use were greater among the most frequent users, and included some unpleasant effects.

Viral replication and interferon production in fetal and adult ovine leukocytes and spleen cells.

Peripheral blood leukocyte and spleen cell cultures derived from adult sheep and from third-trimester (107 to 145 days of gestation) and second-trimester (70 to 98 days of gestation) fetal lambs were examined for their ability to support viral replication and to produce interferon. Bluetongue virus, Herpesvirus hominis type 2, and Chikungunya virus failed to replicate in either leukocyte or spleen cell cultures derived from adult ewes or in cultures from second- or third-trimester fetal lambs. Similarly, peripheral blood leukocytes from adult sheep or third-trimester fetal lambs did not support the replication of Semliki Forest virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, Newcastle disease virus, or vaccinia virus.

Herpesvirus hominis infection in newborn mice: treatment with interferon inducer polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid.

Intranasal inoculation of newborn mice with Herpesvirus hominis (HVH) type 2 provides a model for disseminated herpesvirus infections of human newborn infants. Treatment of this experimental infection with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] significantly increased the mean survival time and markedly altered the pathogenesis of the infection. No significant protection against final mortality was observed.

Marihuana and setting.

Marihuana or placebo cigarettes were smoked by 12 subjects in two environments, one "favorable" and one "neutral". The object was to determine the contribution of setting to the effects reported from the drug. Two quantifiable self-report measurements, the linear euphoriant scale and the card-sort version of the Addiction Research Center Inventory (marihuana and hallucinogen scales), were the major reporting criteria.

Herpesvirus hominis infection in newborn mice: comparison of the therapeutic efficacy of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine and 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine.

Intranasal inoculation of newborn mice with Herpesvirus hominis type 2 provides an experimental infection that closely resembles disseminated herpesvirus infection of human newborn infants. After inoculation of mice, the virus multiplies in the respiratory tract and is disseminated through the blood to the liver and spleen and to the brain by both a viremia and nerve route transmission. Although therapy with 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) did not reduce final mortality, it did increase the mean survival time by 1 day.

Patterns of symptom change in anxious depressed outpatients treated with different drugs.

Patients with mixtures of anxiety and depressive mood of rather modest degree constitute a majority in the psychiatric outpatient population. Drug treatments are employed to produce symptomatic relief. In this study, thirteen commonly used psychotherapeutic drugs were compared for efficacy in producing change in symptoms of anxiety, depressive mood, and psychomotor activation level in this most common type of psychiatric clinic patient.

Genital herpesvirus hominis infection in mice. I. Development of an experimental model.

Pregnant female mice, after intravaginal inoculation with Herpesvirus hominis (HVH) type 2, developed vaginitis on days 5 to 7 after virus challenge, followed by hunching and hind limb paralysis on days 7 to 9 and death from encephalitis on days 9 to 11. After initial replication in the mucous membranes of the genital tract, virus spread to the spinal cord and ascended to involve the brain. Viremia or replication of H.

Induction of interferon in mice by mycoplasmas.

Interferon was induced in mice after intraperitoneal inoculation with four different mycoplasmas. Peak levels of between 100 and 300 U of interferon per ml were attained by 6 h postinfection with each of the mycoplasmas except Mycoplasma arthritidis, which induced higher titers (400 to 11,800 U/ml) by this time. A fifth mycoplasma, M.

FACTOR STRUCTURE O F THE MMPI IN A PSYCHIATRIC POPULATION.

A multi-stage factor analysis of the 373-item short form of the MMPI revealed six factors consistent with item-level analyses of a number of other investigators and with those previously identified by the authors in analysis of the first 168 items: (1) Somatization, (2) Feminine Interests, (3) Depression, (4) Psychotic Distortion, (5) Low Morale, and ( 6 ) Acting Out. Scoring keys for the six factors are presented along with 2'-score profile sheets and T-score equivalents of raw factor scores derived from a normal college population with clinical profiles comparable to those reported for other college groups. Factor scoring, with its more homogeneous content, promises to simplify pattern interpretation insofar as the more common code types tend to be represented in single factors.