Generation of terahertz radiation with a specified spectral profile from a mosaic combined organic crystal.

We present a method for the generation of terahertz (THz) pulses with a high optical-to-THz conversion efficiency and a smooth spectrum. The method is based on the optical rectification of near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses with a wavelength of 1240 nm in a mosaic combined crystal, consisting of two pieces of nonlinear organic crystals, OH1 and DSTMS. The mosaic combined crystal produces a relatively smooth spectrum in the 0.

[About new possibilities for optimizing the postoperative period in tonsillectomy].

Tonsillectomy is one of the most frequent surgical interventions in otorhinolaryngology. This surgical is always accompanied by the development of reactive inflammatory phenomena and pain syndrome. The effectiveness and safety of tonsillectomy can be improved through the use of topical treatment in the postoperative period, including antiseptics in the form of a spray.

Effects of Two Prey Species Combinations on Larval Development of the Predatory Ladybird .

Feeding on mixed, alternating, or changing diets often favor insect development. With the aim to optimize mass rearing and use for the biological control of insect pests, we investigated the effects of various combinations of high-quality (the green peach aphid ) and low-quality (eggs of the grain moth ) foods on the larval development of a predatory ladybird In the first experiment, eggs and aphids were mixed in different proportions; in the second experiment, larvae switched from feeding on aphids to feeding on eggs. Although the beneficial additive effect of mixed foods was detected in some treatments with limited diets, feeding on various combinations of eggs with aphids never resulted in higher survival, faster development, or a larger size of emerging adults than those observed for feeding on unlimited amounts of aphids.

Time-efficient filtering of imaging polarimetric data by checking physical realizability of experimental mueller matrices.

Motivation: Imaging Mueller polarimetry has already proved its potential for biomedicine, remote sensing and metrology. The real-time applications of this modality require both video rate image acquisition and fast data post-processing algorithms. First, one must check the physical realizability of the experimental Mueller matrices in order to filter out non-physical data, ie to test the positive semi-definiteness of the 4 × 4 Hermitian coherency matrix calculated from the elements of corresponding Mueller matrix pixel-wise.

Applicability of the Zintl Concept to Understanding the Crystal Chemistry of Lithium-Rich Germanides and Stannides.

With this contribution, we take a new, critical look at the structures of the binary phases LiGe and LiSn. Both are isostructural (centrosymmetric space group 3̅, no. 166), and in their structures, all germanium (tin) atoms are dimerized.

Saliva as a Diagnostic Tool for Early Detection of Exercise-Induced Oxidative Damage in Female Athletes.

Although blood still remains the most commonly utilized medium to detect increased levels of oxidative damage induced by exercise, saliva diagnostics have gained increasing popularity due to their non-invasive nature and athlete-friendly collection process. Given that the contribution of various phases of the menstrual cycle to the levels of oxidative damage may differ, the aim of this study was to evaluate an agreement between salivary and plasmatic levels of lipid peroxidation products in female swimmers in both the follicular (F) and luteal (L) phases of the menstrual cycle at rest and following exercise. Twelve well-trained female swimmers aged 19.

Use of Statins in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Current Evidence and Perspectives.

Systemic inflammation and coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction are essential pathophysiological factors in heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) that support the use of statins. The pleiotropic properties of statins, such as anti-inflammatory, antihypertrophic, antifibrotic, and antioxidant effects, are generally accepted and may be beneficial in HF, especially in HFpEF. Numerous observational clinical trials have consistently shown a beneficial prognostic effect of statins in patients with HFpEF, while the results of two larger trials in patients with HFrEF have been controversial.

Efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: Real-world experience of two Swiss multiple sclerosis centers.

Background: Ocrelizumab (OCR) is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD-20 positive lymphocytes, mainly B-lymphocytes. OCR is approved for treatment of primary progressive (PPMS) and relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). This study aims to provide real-world safety and efficacy data of people with RMS treated with OCR in two Swiss Multiple Sclerosis (MS) centers.

Visual hallucinations after resection of cerebral metastases: two patients with complex phantom images.

Purpose: Complex visual hallucinations are rarely seen in neurooncology. They are commonly observed alongside psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia or dementia, in Parkinson's or Lewy-body disease, after opioid medications or anesthesia, and, in particular, they appear with visual impairments.

Methods: Here we report two normal-sighted and mentally healthy patients with unusual visual hallucinations after the resection and irradiation of brain metastases, the main features of which were persistent colorful and meaningful images with hallucinatory perseveration.

Amide-Containing Bottlebrushes via Continuous-Flow Photoiniferter Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization: Micellization Behavior.

Herein, a series of ternary amphiphilic amide-containing bottlebrushes were synthesized by photoiniferter (PI-RAFT) polymerization of macromonomers in continuous-flow mode using trithiocarbonate as a chain transfer agent. Visible light-mediated polymerization of macromonomers under mild conditions enabled the preparation of thermoresponsive copolymers with low dispersity and high yields in a very short time, which is not typical for the classical reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer process. Methoxy oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate and alkoxy(C-C) oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate were used as the basic monomers providing amphiphilic and thermoresponsive properties.

[FGF23 tumor induced osteomalacia with localization of neoplasm in the tympanic cavity].

Tumor induced osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome caused by mesenchymal tumors that secrete fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). Patients complain of progressive bone pain, muscle weakness and brittle fractures. Delayed diagnosis of osteomalacia caused by a tumor is often found in clinical practice.

[Heart Failure With Low and Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction - are These Two Different Independent Diseases or One Disease, but at Different Stages of its Progression? How Does This Affect the Choice of Therapy and Its Effectiveness?].

The article discusses the question of whether it is possible to conclude that any heart failure (HF), throughout the entire range of left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF), is a single holistic disease, based on the "external" similarity of treatments for reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) LVEF, and that positioning HFpEF and HFrEF as separate independent diseases is not valid.

[New effects of a topical antimicrobial (agent) in the treatment of acute tonsillopharyngitis].

Sore throat is the leading symptom of acute tonsillopharyngitis associated with previous acute respiratory viral infections, including COVID-19. The pathogenesis of these nosologies is based on the cumulative result of the primary direct damaging effect of viruses and secondary alternative inflammatory changes in the mucosal epithelium in the focus of infection, which, against the background of changes in the functions of the regional microbiota, leads to the development of viral-bacterial inflammation that goes beyond the protective-reparative level. In the treatment of acute tonsillopharyngitis after exclusion of GABHS etiology, topical etiotropic drugs are often used.

Signal and Nutritional Effects of Mixed Diets on Reproduction of a Predatory Ladybird, .

It is known that food has a double impact on females of predatory ladybirds: qualitative signal effect (the onset of oogenesis) and quantitative nutritional effect (the increase in oogenesis intensity). We compared the patterns of these effects by feeding females on mixed diets: unlimited low-quality prey (eggs of the grain moth ) and limited high-quality prey (the green peach aphid : 0, 2, 10, and 50 aphids per day). About half of the females fed only on the grain moth eggs oviposited and their fecundity was very low.

Blood Immune Cell Alterations in Patients with Hypertensive Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

(1) Background: Chronic inflammation and fibrosis are key players in cardiac remodeling associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Monocytes and T-helpers (Th) are involved in both pro-inflammatory and fibrotic processes, while regulatory T-cells (Treg) could be considered to suppress chronic inflammation in the hypertrophied myocardium. We aimed to estimate the relationship between the frequencies of circulating CD4 T-cell and monocyte subpopulations and the variables of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in patients with LVH depending on the presence of HFpEF.

[What is "normal left ventricular ejection fraction" and its relationship with the pathogenesis and effectiveness of the treatment of heart failure].

The article focuses on modern views on the role and place of left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) in determining the status of cardiovascular patients (primarily patients with heart failure) in the algorithm for their diagnosis, treatment, and prediction of the outcome. Conclusions and recommendations on the use of LV EF in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are the following: 1) LV EF remains a familiar and convenient instrumental indicator not so much of myocardial contractility as of hemodynamics in general. Assessment of LV EF is useful for selection and ranking of CHF patients whereas the LV EF dynamics is useful for assessing the quality of their management.

Resonant Excitation of the Ferroelectric Soft Mode by a Narrow-Band THz Pulse.

This study investigates the impact of narrow-band terahertz pulses on the ferroelectric order parameter in BaSrTiO films on various substrates. THz radiation in the range of 1-2 THz with the pulse width of about 0.15 THz was separated from a broadband pulse with the interference technique.

Lithium metal atoms fill vacancies in the germanium network of a type-I clathrate: synthesis and structural characterization of BaLiGe.

Clathrate phases with crystal structures exhibiting complex disorder have been the subject of many prior studies. Here we report syntheses, crystal and electronic structure, and chemical bonding analysis of a Li-substituted Ge-based clathrate phase with the refined chemical formula BaLiGe, which is a rare example of ternary clathrate-I where alkali metal atoms substitute framework Ge atoms. Two different synthesis methods to grow single crystals of the new clathrate phase are presented, in addition to the classical approach towards polycrystalline materials by combining pure elements in desired stoichiometric ratios.

Terahertz generation optimization in an OH1 nonlinear organic crystal pumped by a Cr:forsterite laser.

We present the results of experimental investigations of terahertz radiation generation conversion efficiency in an OH1 nonlinear organic crystal pumped by femtosecond laser pulses at 1240 nm wavelength. An influence of OH1 crystal thickness on the terahertz generation by optical rectification method was studied. It is shown that the optimal crystal thickness for the maximum conversion efficiency is 1 mm, which agrees with the previously made theoretical estimates.

Enhanced stability and complex phase behaviour of organic-inorganic green-emitting ionic manganese halides.

Light-emitting materials based on earth-abundant metals, such as manganese hold great promise as emitters for organic lighting devices. In order to apply such emitter materials and, in particular, to overcome the problem of self-quenching due to cross-relaxation, we investigated a series of tetrabromidomanganate ([MnBr]) salts with bulky tetraalkylphosphonium counter cations [P], namely [P][MnBr] ( = 4 (1), 6 (2) and 8 (3)), which can be obtained by a straightforward reaction of the respective phosphonium bromide and MnBr. Variation of the cation size allows control of the properties of the resulting ionic materials.

[Diastolic heart failure: 20 years later. Сurrent issues of pathoge-nesis, diagnosis and treatment of heart failure with preserved LVEF].

Relevant aspects of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, And treatment of heart failure with preserved LV EFThis review analyzes results of studies of the recent decade that focus on epidemiology, mechanisms of development, diagnostic methods, and treatments of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). As expected, the prevalence of HFpEF continues to increase due to the growing contribution of comorbidities to the structure of causes for chronic heart failure (CHF), such as arterial hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy, obesity, chronic kidney disease, as well as due to ageing of the population and decreased contributions of ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction. Concomitant diseases are a source of low-intensity microvascular inflammation, which is currently assigned a role of a trigger mechanism eventually provoking energy deficiency, disorders of cardiomyocyte relaxation, and diffuse myocardial fibrosis.

What Binarization Method Is the Best for Amplitude Inline Fresnel Holograms Synthesized for Divergent Beams Using the Direct Search with Random Trajectory Technique?

Fast reconstruction of holographic and diffractive optical elements (DOE) can be implemented by binary digital micromirror devices (DMD). Since micromirrors of the DMD have two positions, the synthesized DOEs must be binary. This work studies the possibility of improving the method of synthesis of amplitude binary inline Fresnel holograms in divergent beams.

[Рossibility of using European (HFA-PEFF) and American (H2FPEF) algorithms for diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in Russian clinical practice].

This article focuses on the significance of a unified approach to diagnosing heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF). The key hemodynamic index of HFpEF is increased left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) and its noninvasive marker, the E / e' value obtained by tissue Doppler echocardiography (EchoCG). The modern verified algorithms for HFpEF diagnosis, HFA-PEFF and Н2FPEF, mandatorily take into account the E / e' value.

Left atrial dysfunction as the major driver of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction syndrome.

Left atrial (LA) dysfunction seems to play a central role in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), is associated with disease severity and poor outcomes and potentially impacts management. Identifying LA myopathy can help guide tailored therapy for HFpEF. Echocardiography allows the accurate measurement of atrial size and function, where LA strain appears to be a sensitive measure of intrinsic LA myopathy.