Challenges and approaches of single-crystal Ni-rich layered cathodes in lithium batteries.

High energy density and high safety are incompatible with each other in a lithium battery, which challenges today's energy storage and power applications. Ni-rich layered transition metal oxides (NMCs) have been identified as the primary cathode candidate for powering next-generation electric vehicles and have been extensively studied in the last two decades, leading to the fast growth of their market share, including both polycrystalline and single-crystal NMC cathodes. Single-crystal NMCs appear to be superior to polycrystalline NMCs, especially at low Ni content (≤60%).

Core-Shell Microfiber Encapsulation Enables Glycerol-Free Cryopreservation of RBCs with High Hematocrit.

Cryopreservation of red blood cells (RBCs) provides great potential benefits for providing transfusion timely in emergencies. High concentrations of glycerol (20% or 40%) are used for RBC cryopreservation in current clinical practice, which results in cytotoxicity and osmotic injuries that must be carefully controlled. However, existing studies on the low-glycerol cryopreservation of RBCs still suffer from the bottleneck of low hematocrit levels, which require relatively large storage space and an extra concentration process before transfusion, making it inconvenient (time-consuming, and also may cause injury and sample lose) for clinical applications.

IGF‑1 inhibits palmitic acid‑induced mitochondrial apoptosis in macrophages.

Insulin growth factor‑1 (IGF‑1) is an endocrine regulator that plays an important role in normal growth and development. IGF‑1 mediated effects may result in protecting macrophages from immunometabolic response. However, it is unclear whether IGF‑1 has a protective effect on fatty acid‑induced macrophages damage.

Event-triggered low-computation adaptive output-feedback fuzzy tracking control of uncertain nonlinear systems.

A fuzzy adaptive tracking control scheme is studied for a family of uncertain systems with immeasurable system states. The controller takes up few computation and transmission resources to achieve prescribed boundaries of the dynamic and steady-state performance indicators. Compared with the existing schemes, the low computational complexity is reflected in the following two points: (1) a fuzzy state observer is introduced, where only the estimation of states are incorporated into the input space of fuzzy logic systems (FLSs).

Polysaccharides as Reducing Agents: Self-Assembled Composite Nanoparticles for Integrative Diabetic Wound Therapy.

Purpose: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are severe complications of diabetes, posing significant health and societal challenges. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the ulcer site hinder wound healing in most patients, while individuals with diabetes are also more susceptible to bacterial infections. This study aims to synthesize a comprehensive therapeutic material using polysaccharides from to promote DFU wound healing, reduce ROS levels, and minimize bacterial infections.

Sequenced treatment alternatives to relieve adolescent depression (STAR-AD): a multicentre open-label randomized controlled trial protocol.

Background: Adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental health problem with low treatment success rates. Whether fluoxetine or fluoxetine combined with cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is the more effective initial treatment for adolescent MDD remains controversial, and few studies have investigated whether treatment switching or augmentation is preferred when the initial treatment is not working well.

Methods: We developed a multicentre open-label Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) design, consisting of two phases lasting 8 weeks each.

Understanding base and backbone contributions of phosphorothioate DNA for molecular recognition with SBD proteins.

Bacterial DNA phosphorothioate (PT) modification provides a specific anchoring site for sulfur-binding proteins (SBDs). Besides, their recognition patterns include phosphate links and bases neighboring the PT-modified site, thereby bringing about genome sequence-dependent properties in PT-related epigenetics. Here, we analyze the contributions of the DNA backbone (phosphates and deoxyribose) and bases bound with two SBD proteins in and ( and ).

Rotenone impairs brain glial energetics and locomotor behavior in bumblebees.

Bumblebees are essential pollinators of both wildflowers and crops and face multiple anthropogenic stressors, particularly the utilization of pesticides. Rotenone is an extensively applied neurotoxic pesticide that possesses insecticidal activities against a wide range of pests. However, whether environmentally realistic exposure levels of rotenone can damage neurons in bumblebee brains is still uncertain.

Mycobacteriophages in diagnosis and alternative treatment of mycobacterial infections.

Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing threat to human populations. The emergence of multidrug-resistant "superbugs" in mycobacterial infections has further complicated the processes of curing patients, thereby resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and alternative treatment are important for improving the success and cure rates associated with mycobacterial infections and the use of mycobacteriophages is a potentially good option.

Characterization of a novel aromatic ring-hydroxylating oxygenase, NarA2B2, from thermophilic sp. strain N12.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are harmful to human health due to their carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects. A thermophilic sp. strain N12 capable of degrading a variety of PAHs and derivatives was previously isolated.

Revealing the Mechano-Electrochemical Coupling Behavior and Discharge Mechanism of Fluorinated Carbon Cathodes toward High-Power Lithium Primary Batteries.

Unclear reaction mechanisms and unsatisfactory power performance hinder the further development of advanced lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CF ) batteries. Herein, the mechano-electrochemical coupling behavior of a CF cathode is investigated by in situ monitoring strain/stress using digital image correlation (DIC) techniques, electrochemical methods, and theoretical equations. The DIC monitoring results present the distribution and dynamic evolution of the plane strain and indicate strong dependence toward the material structure and discharge rate.

Activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 by Porphyromonas gingivalis regulates programmed cell death in epithelium.

Background/purpose: Gingival epithelial cells form a physiological barrier against bacterial invasion. Programmed cell death (PCD) regulated by pathogen precognition receptors (PRRs) lead to tissue destruction and is closely related to inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) expresses in periodontal epithelium and induces PCD of epithelial cells infected by (), therefore involves in periodontitis.

Cathepsin D overexpression in the nervous system rescues lethality and A42 accumulation of cathepsin D systemic knockout .

The lysosome is responsible for protein and organelle degradation and homeostasis and the cathepsins play a key role in maintaining protein quality control. Cathepsin D (CTSD), is one such lysosomal protease, which when deficient in humans lead to neurolipofuscinosis (NCL) and is important in removing toxic protein aggregates. Prior studies demonstrated that CTSD germ-line knockout-KO (CDKO) resulted in accumulation of protein aggregates, decreased proteasomal activities, and postnatal lethality on Day 26 ± 1.

Multiple drivers for carbon stocks and fluxes in different types of mangroves.

Mangroves are highly efficient in sequestering carbon from the atmosphere and can accumulate carbon in sediments for millennials. However, The fate of mangrove carbon has not been well constrained due to the lack of data on different pools of sediment carbon sinks and sources. This study examined the variation of carbon stocks and fluxes at the water-sediment-air interface in both estuarine mangroves (natural: Mai Po, restored: Gei Wai) and oceanic mangroves (Ting Kok).

Manganese-Based Nanoparticle Vaccine for Combating Fatal Bacterial Pneumonia.

Bacterial pneumonia is the leading cause of death worldwide among all infectious diseases. However, currently available vaccines against fatal bacterial lung infections, e.g.

DNA Nanoribbon-Assisted Intracellular Biosynthesis of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters for Cancer Cell Imaging.

Metal nanoclusters (NCs) have emerged as a promising class of fluorescent probes for cellular imaging due to their high resistance to photobleaching and low toxicity. Nevertheless, their widespread use in clinical diagnosis is limited by their unstable intracellular fluorescence. In this study, we develop an intracellularly biosynthesized fluorescent probe, DNA nanoribbon-gold NCs (DNR/AuNCs), for long-term cellular tracking.

High S-doped amorphous carbon/carbon quantum dots coupled micro-frame for highly efficient potassium storage.

Anode materials with excellent rate capability, capacity, and cycle life have been a challenge in obtaining cost-effective K-ion batteries (KIBs). Based on the concept of waste recycling, we prepared the S-doped (21.5%) amorphous carbon/carbon quantum dots coupled micro-frame (SCMF) by combining chemical exfoliation and S/Se-assisted carbonization.

Mechanism of miRNA-31 Regulating Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway by Targeting Satb2 in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Objective: To explore the expression of miR-31 and Satb2 gene in the serum of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (OP).

Methods: 97 postmenopausal women with OP and 100 healthy women were selected as research subjects. MSCs were purchased from Shanghai Zhong Qiao Xin Zhou Biotechnology Co.

Transformer-based biomarker prediction from colorectal cancer histology: A large-scale multicentric study.

Deep learning (DL) can accelerate the prediction of prognostic biomarkers from routine pathology slides in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, current approaches rely on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and have mostly been validated on small patient cohorts. Here, we develop a new transformer-based pipeline for end-to-end biomarker prediction from pathology slides by combining a pre-trained transformer encoder with a transformer network for patch aggregation.

Effect of Thermal Shock on Properties of a Strongly Amorphous AlCrTiZrMo High-Entropy Alloy Film.

AlCrTiZrMo high-entropy alloy (HEA) films with strong amorphization were obtained by co-filter cathode vacuum arc deposition, and the effect of thermal shock on the films was investigated in order to explore the protection mechanism of HEA films against mechanical components in extreme service environments. The results show that after annealing at 800 °C for 1 h, the formation of a dense ZrTiO composite oxide layer on the surface actively prevents the oxidation from continuing, so that the AlCrTiZrMo HEA film exhibits excellent oxidation resistance at 800 °C in air. In the friction-corrosion coupling environment, the AlCrTiZrMo HEA film annealed at 800 °C for 1 h shows the best tribocorrosion resistance due to the stable dense microstructure and excellent mechanical properties, and its ΔOCP, COF and wear rate possess the smallest values of 0.

Hypoactive Visual Cortex, Prefrontal Cortex and Insula during Self-Face Recognition in Adults with First-Episode Major Depressive Disorder.

Self-face recognition is a vital aspect of self-referential processing, which is closely related to affective states. However, neuroimaging research on self-face recognition in adults with major depressive disorder is lacking. This study aims to investigate the alteration of brain activation during self-face recognition in adults with first-episode major depressive disorder (FEMDD) via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); FEMDD ( = 59) and healthy controls (HC, = 36) who performed a self-face-recognition task during the fMRI scan.