Epidemiology and prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in humans, animals and the environment in West and Central Africa.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are widespread. Here we used the 'One Health' approach to determine knowledge gaps on ESBL-E and CPE in West and Central Africa. We searched all articles on ESBL-E and CPE in these African regions published in PubMed, African Journals Online and Google Scholar from 2000 onwards.

Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing in hospital and community settings in Chad.

Background: Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL-PE) remains poorly documented in Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL-PE fecal carriage in Chad.

Methods: In total, 200 fresh stool samples were collected from 100 healthy community volunteers and 100 hospitalized patients from January to March 2017.

Spread of NDM-5 and OXA-181 Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli in Chad.

We detected for the first time and in isolates from hospitalized patients and healthy volunteers in Chad. These resistance genes were located on IncX3 and IncF plasmids. Despite the large diversity of clones, the identified resistant intestinal isolates belonged mainly to the same sequence type.

High prevalence and characterization of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in Chadian hospitals.

Background: Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) represent a major problem in the management of nosocomial infections. However, ESBL-PE are not systematically monitored in African countries. The aim of this study was to determine ESBL-PE prevalence in patients from three hospitals in N'Djamena, the capital city of Chad, and to characterize the genetic origin of the observed resistance.