Development of a New Index to Assess Small Bowel Inflammation Severity in Crohn's Disease Using Magnetic Resonance Enterography.

Background: The severity of small bowel (SB) inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD) patients is a key component of the therapeutic choice. We aimed to develop a SB-CD Magnetic Resonance Enterography (MRE) index of Inflammation Severity (CDMRIS).

Methods: Each gastroenterologist/radiologist pair in 13 centers selected MREs from 6 patients with SB-CD stratified on their perceived MRE inflammation severity.

Comparison between CT-enterography and MR-enterography for the diagnosis of right-sided deep infiltrating endometriosis of the bowel.

Objective: To compare computed tomography-enterography (CTE) and magnetic resonance-enterography (MRE) in the detection of right-sided bowel deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE).

Materials And Methods: Fifty women with DIE who underwent preoperatively CTE and MRE were included. CTE and MRE were first analyzed separately by two independent readers who analyzed five bowel segments (cecum, appendix, ileocecal junction, distal ileum and proximal small bowel [i.

Clinical impact of routine CT esophagogram after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for esophageal motility disorders.

Per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) of the lower esophageal sphincter has become a major treatment for esophageal motility disorders, especially achalasia. POEM can result in esophageal bleeding or perforation and pleural and mediastinal effusion. Early routine computed tomography (CT) esophagogram is frequently performed to assess these adverse events (AEs) before resuming oral food intake.

Utility of CT to Differentiate Pancreatic Parenchymal Metastasis from Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

: To report the computed tomography (CT) features of pancreatic parenchymal metastasis (PPM) and identify CT features that may help discriminate between PPM and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). : Thirty-four patients (24 men, 12 women; mean age, 63.3 ± 10.

Focal splenic lesions: Imaging spectrum of diseases on CT, MRI and PET/CT.

The spleen can be affected by a variety of diseases. Some of them are readily identified as variations of normal or benign diseases on imaging. However, for a substantial number of focal splenic abnormalities, the diagnosis can be difficult so that histopathologic analysis may be required for a definite diagnosis.

Endoscopic ultrasound efficacy in staging gastric linitis plastica lesion: a retrospective multicentric French study.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a key imaging technique in gastric cancer (GC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of EUS in the staging of parietal and lymph node involvement in linitis plastica (LP) compared to "classical" GC.

Methods: A retrospective multicentric French study was conducted on patients with no metastatic LP and operated by gastrectomy.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging May Be Able to Identify the Origin of Neuroendocrine Tumor Liver Metastases.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to discriminate hepatic metastases from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) and hepatic metastases from midgut neuroendocrine tumors (mNET) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: MRI examinations of 24 patients with hepatic metastases from pNET were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed by 2 blinded readers and compared to those obtained in 23 patients with hepatic metastases from mNET. Inter-reader agreement was calculated with kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Endoscopic treatment of Zenker's diverticulum by complete septotomy: initial experience in 19 patients.

Endoscopic treatment of Zenker's Diverticulum (ZD) using a flexible endoscope and a diverticuloscope consists of myotomy of the cricopharyngeus muscle, sparing the lower part of the diverticular septum. However, recurrence occurs in up to 54 % of patients at 4 years. We assessed the feasibility and safety of a complete septotomy in endoscopic treatment of ZD.

Meglumine diatrizoate esophagogram after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM): identification of imaging findings associated with clinical complications and longer hospital stay.

Objectives: Esophageal peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is the treatment of reference of major obstructive esophageal motility disorders but the detection of early complications remains challenging. Our aim was to report the radiological findings on meglumine diatrizoate esophagograms after esophageal POEM and identify variables associated with patient outcomes.

Methods: The imaging and clinical files of 106 patients who underwent POEM for achalasia or other major obstructive esophageal motility disorders were retrospectively analyzed.

Computed tomography features of acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas.

Purpose: To report the computed tomography (CT) features of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) and identify CT features that may help discriminate between pancreatic ACC and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA).

Materials And Methods: The CT examinations of 20 patients (13 men, 7 women; mean age, 66.5±10.

Do we still need a diverticuloscope for the flexible endoscopic septotomy of Zenker's diverticulum?

Background And Aim: Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) is the most common type of diverticulum in the esophagus. The endoscopic septotomy of the diverticular wall has become a widely accepted treatment modality, but the recurrence rate is unclear. Our aim was to assess short-term and long-term success rates after flexible endoscopic septotomy for the treatment of ZD.

Contribution of magnetic resonance imaging to the management of esophageal diseases: A systematic review.

Purpose: Currently available imaging modalities used to investigate the esophagus are irradiating or limited to the analysis of the esophageal lumen. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive and non-radiating imaging technique that provides high degrees of soft tissue contrast. Newly developed fast MRI sequences allow for both morphological and functional assessment of the esophageal body and esophagogastric junction.

MR imaging features of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to report the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) of the pancreas including diffusion-weighted MRI findings.

Materials And Methods: The MRI examinations of five patients (3 men, 2 women; median age, 61years) with histopathologically proven ACC of the pancreas were retrospectively reviewed. MR images were analyzed qualitatively (location, shape, homogeneity, signal intensity, vascular involvement and extrapancreatic extent of ACC) and quantitatively (tumor size, apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC] and normalized ADC of ACC).

Computed tomography scan efficacy in staging gastric linitis plastica lesion: a retrospective multicentric French study.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) scan is a key imaging technique in the staging of gastric adenocarcinoma and therapeutic management of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of CT scan in the staging of parietal and metastatic invasion in gastric linitis plastica group.

Methods: A retrospective multicentric French study was conducted from January 2006 to December 2015 on patients with no metastatic gastric linitis plastica and operated by gastrec-tomy.

[Usefulness of small-bowel capsule endoscopy in gastrointestinal bleeding].

In France, upper gastrointestinal haemorrhages have an estimated annual incidence of 143 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Classically, two types of digestive hemorrhage are described: acute and chronic digestive hemorrhages. Upper endoscopy is carried out in case of hematemesis or melena.

[Focus on Achalasia].

The pathophysiology of achalasia is largely unknown, and involves the destruction of ganglion cell in the esophageal myenteric plexus. High-resolution esophageal manometry is the key investigation. Endoscopic pneumodilatation and laparoscopic Heller myotomy have comparable short-term success rates, around 90%.

Tumour growth increased following antiangiogenic interruption: the challenge of tumour evaluation.

Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, led by bevacizumab, are considered the cornerstone of the therapy in metastatic colorectal carcinoma. We present the case of a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer who experienced rapid tumour growth with liver broad invasion after the withdrawal of an antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy, aflibercept. The rebound effect caused by the residual tumour inducing a regrowth after an initial controlled disease has already been stressed in mice and metastatic colorectal cancer patients following bevacizumab interruption.

Diagnosis of non-occlusive acute mesenteric ischemia in the intensive care unit.

Background: Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is a common complication and accounts for a major cause of death in critically ill patients. The diagnosis of NOMI with respect to the eventual indications for surgical treatment is challenging. We addressed the performance of the diagnostic strategy of NOMI in the intensive care unit, with emphasis on contrast-enhanced abdominal CT-scan.

[Focus on Crohn's disease].

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the entire digestive tract, from the mouth to the anus. The inflammatory disease is transmural and may be complicated by abscesses, fistulas, strictures. Budesonide is used as first-line treatment for a first episode of ileitis.

[Management of diagnosis and treatment in ulcerative colitis].

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease limited to the mucosa and affecting the rectum and the colon continuously. Salicylates are the first line treatment for moderate forms. Corticosteroids are used to induce remission, but are not given as maintenance therapy.

Gastric emptying evaluation by ultrasound prior colonoscopy: an easy tool following bowel preparation.

Aim: To investigate the gastric emptying after bowel preparation to allow general anaesthesia.

Methods: A prospective, non-comparative, and non-randomized trial was performed and registered on Eudra CT database (2011-002953-80) and on www.trial.

Effectiveness of MR enterography for the assessment of small-bowel diseases beyond Crohn disease.

The use of cross-sectional imaging techniques for the noninvasive evaluation of small-bowel disorders is increasing. The effectiveness of magnetic resonance (MR) enterography for the evaluation of Crohn disease, in particular, is well described in the literature. In addition, MR enterography has an evolving though less well documented role to play in the evaluation of other small-bowel diseases, including various benign and malignant neoplasms arising in isolation or in polyposis syndromes such as Peutz-Jeghers, inflammatory conditions such as vasculitis and treatment-induced enteritis, infectious processes, celiac disease, diverticular disease, systemic sclerosis, and bowel duplication.

Reliability and diagnostic accuracy of qualitative evaluation of diffusion-weighted MRI combined with conventional MRI in differentiating between complete and partial anterior cruciate ligament tears.

Objectives: To assess the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of qualitative evaluation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in differentiating between complete and partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.

Methods: This prospective study protocol was approved by the institutional ethics review board and informed consent was obtained from all the patients. Eighty-five patients (35 women and 50 men, mean age 34.