Identification of circadian clock-related immunological prognostic index and molecular subtypes in prostate cancer.

Background: Evidence suggests that the circadian clock (CIC) is among the important factors for tumorigenesis. We aimed to provide new insights into CIC-mediated molecular subtypes and gene prognostic indexes for prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) or radical radiotherapy (RT).

Methods: PCa data from TCGA was analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with significant fold changes and p-values.

SIRT3 sulfhydration using hydrogen sulfide inhibited angiotensin II-induced atrial fibrosis and vulnerability to atrial fibrillation via suppression of the TGF-β1/smad2/3 signalling pathway.

Atrial fibrosis is associated with the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and regulated by the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad2/3 signalling pathway. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of regulation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3-induced atrial fibrosis and vulnerability to AF remain still unknown. Previous studies have shown that sirtuin3 (SIRT3) sulfhydration has strong anti-fibrotic effects.

SIRT3/AMPK Signaling Pathway Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Improves Vulnerability to Atrial Fibrillation in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats.

Background: Hypertension may result in atrial fibrillation (AF) and lipid metabolism disorders. The Sirtuins3 (SIRT3)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway has the capacity to regulate lipid metabolism disorders and the onset of AF. We hypothesize that the SIRT3/AMPK signaling pathway suppresses lipid metabolism disorders, thereby mitigating salt-sensitive hypertension (SSHT)-induced susceptibility to AF.

FeO-PVDF Composite Network for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Batteries.

Dendrite growth has been the main trouble preventing the practical application of Li metal anodes. Herein, we present how an FeO-PVDF composite network prepared by using electrospinning has been designed to protect lithium metal anodes effectively. In the symmetrical cells test, the cell with the FeO-PVDF composite network maintains good cycle performance after 600 h (500 cycles) at a current density of 1 mA cm and a plating/stripping capacity of 1 mAh cm.

An Anti-Noise Fast Circle Detection Method Using Five-Quadrant Segmentation.

Extracting circle information from images has always been a basic problem in computer vision. Common circle detection algorithms have some defects, such as poor noise resistance and slow computation speed. In this paper, we propose an anti-noise fast circle detection algorithm.

Copper Activation Enabling Reversible Aqueous Cu-ZnS Battery Chemistry.

The aqueous metal-sulfide batteries (AMSBs) have attracted research interest due to their high capacity, environmentally friendly qualities, and the accessibility of raw materials. However, the design strategies for metal-sulfide cathode have rarely been reported. Here, the copper-activated sphalerite in which Zn is substituted by Cu through ion exchange has been introduced for the first time as cathode for aqueous Cu/ZnS batteries.

Spatial transcriptomics reveals niche-specific enrichment and vulnerabilities of radial glial stem-like cells in malignant gliomas.

Diffuse midline glioma-H3K27M mutant (DMG) and glioblastoma (GBM) are the most lethal brain tumors that primarily occur in pediatric and adult patients, respectively. Both tumors exhibit significant heterogeneity, shaped by distinct genetic/epigenetic drivers, transcriptional programs including RNA splicing, and microenvironmental cues in glioma niches. However, the spatial organization of cellular states and niche-specific regulatory programs remain to be investigated.

An Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer and Its Application in Robot Path Planning.

This paper discusses a hybrid grey wolf optimizer utilizing a clone selection algorithm (pGWO-CSA) to overcome the disadvantages of a standard grey wolf optimizer (GWO), such as slow convergence speed, low accuracy in the single-peak function, and easily falling into local optimum in the multi-peak function and complex problems. The modifications of the proposed pGWO-CSA could be classified into the following three aspects. Firstly, a nonlinear function is used instead of a linear function for adjusting the iterative attenuation of the convergence factor to balance exploitation and exploration automatically.

Misfit-Strain Phase Diagram, Electromechanical and Electrocaloric Responses in Epitaxial PIN-PMN-PT Thin Films.

Pb(InNb)O-(1--)Pb(MgNb)O-PbTiO (PIN-PMN-PT) bulks possess excellent electromechanical coupling and dielectric properties, but the corresponding epitaxial PIN-PMN-PT thin films have not yet been explored. This paper adopts a nonlinear thermodynamics analysis to investigate the influences of misfit strains on the phase structures, electromechanical properties, and electrocaloric responses in epitaxial PIN-PMN-PT thin films. The misfit strain-temperature phase diagram was constructed.

A Fast Circle Detection Algorithm Based on Information Compression.

Circle detection is a fundamental problem in computer vision. However, conventional circle detection algorithms are usually time-consuming and sensitive to noise. In order to solve these shortcomings, we propose a fast circle detection algorithm based on information compression.

Electrocaloric Effect in Different Oriented BaZrTiO Single Crystals.

The electrocaloric effect of ferroelectrics is promising for new solid-state refrigeration. However, the current research on the electrocaloric effect of bulk ferroelectrics mainly focuses on (001) orientation. Thus, we studied the electrocaloric effect of BaZrTiO single crystals with different orientations through the nonlinear thermodynamic approach and entropy analysis.

Direct Writing on Paper Substrate to Prepare Silver Electrode Structures for Flexible Sensors.

With the rapid development of the electronics industry, electronic products based on silicon and glass substrates electronic products will gradually be unable to meet the rising demand. Flexibility, environmental protection, and low costs are important for the development of electronic products. In this study, an efficient and low-cost method for preparing silver electrode structures by direct writing on paper has been demonstrated.

Adaptive harmony search algorithm utilizing differential evolution and opposition-based learning.

An adaptive harmony search algorithm utilizing differential evolution and opposition-based learning (AHS-DE-OBL) is proposed to overcome the drawbacks of the harmony search (HS) algorithm, such as its low fine-tuning ability, slow convergence speed, and easily falling into a local optimum. In AHS-DE-OBL, three main innovative strategies are adopted. First, inspired by the differential evolution algorithm, the differential harmonies in the population are used to randomly perturb individuals to improve the fine-tuning ability.

Aligned Biofunctional Electrospun PLGA-LysoGM1 Scaffold for Traumatic Brain Injury Repair.

Due to poor regenerative capabilities of the brain, a treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents a serious challenge to modern medicine. Biofunctional scaffolds that can support neuronal growth, guide neurite elongation, and re-establish impaired brain tissues are urgently needed. To this end, we developed an aligned biofunctional scaffold (aPLGA-LysoGM1), in which poly (lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) was functionalized with sphingolipid ceramide -deacylase (SCDase)-hydrolyzed monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (LysoGM1) and electrospinning was used to form an aligned fibrous network.

Large-scale multiferroic complex oxide epitaxy with magnetically switched polarization enabled by solution processing.

Complex oxides with tunable structures have many fascinating properties, though high-quality complex oxide epitaxy with precisely controlled composition is still out of reach. Here we have successfully developed solution-based single-crystalline epitaxy for multiferroic (1-)BiTiFe MgO-()CaTiO (BTFM-CTO) solid solution in large area, confirming its ferroelectricity at the atomic scale with strong spontaneous polarization. Careful compositional tuning leads to a bulk magnetization of 0.

Deterministic, Reversible, and Nonvolatile Low-Voltage Writing of Magnetic Domains in Epitaxial BaTiO/FeO Heterostructure.

The ability to electrically write magnetic bits is highly desirable for future magnetic memories and spintronic devices, though fully deterministic, reversible, and nonvolatile switching of magnetic moments by electric field remains elusive despite extensive research. In this work, we develop a concept to electrically switch magnetization via polarization modulated oxygen vacancies, and we demonstrate the idea in a multiferroic epitaxial heterostructure of BaTiO/FeO fabricated by pulsed laser deposition. The piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity of BaTiO have been confirmed by macro- and microscale measurements, for which FeO serves as the top electrode for switching the polarization.

Pressure-induced enhancement in the thermoelectric properties of monolayer and bilayer SnSe.

The electronic structures of monolayer and bilayer SnSe under pressure were investigated by using first-principles calculations including van der Waals interactions. For monolayer SnSe, the variation of electronic structure under pressure is controlled by pressure-dependent lattice parameters. For bilayer SnSe, the changes in electronic structure under pressure are dominated by intralayer and interlayer atomic interactions.

Effect of Pulsed Electric Field on Membrane Lipids and Oxidative Injury of Salmonella typhimurium.

Salmonella typhimurium cells were subjected to pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment at 25 kV/cm for 0-4 ms to investigate the effect of PEF on the cytoplasmic membrane lipids and oxidative injury of cells. Results indicated that PEF treatment induced a decrease of membrane fluidity of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimuriumi), possibly due to the alterations of fatty acid biosynthesis-associated gene expressions (down-regulation of cfa and fabA gene expressions and the up-regulation of fabD gene expression), which, in turn, modified the composition of membrane lipid (decrease in the content ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids).

Mesoporous carbon nanofibers with a high surface area electrospun from thermoplastic polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been synthesized from thermoplastic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) using electrospinning in combination with a novel three-step heat treatment process, which successfully stabilizes the fibrous morphology before carbonization that was proven to be difficult for thermoplastic polymers other than polyacrylonitrile (PAN). These CNFs are both mesoporous and microporous with high surface areas without subsequent activation, and thus overcome the limitations of PAN based CNFs, and are processed in an environmentally friendly and more cost effective manner. The effects of heat treatment parameters and precursor concentration on the morphologies and porous properties of CNFs have been investigated, and their application as anodes for lithium ion batteries has also been demonstrated.