Mental health conditions and unsafe driving behaviors: A naturalistic driving study on ADHD and depression.

Introduction: Road injuries remain a persistent public health concern across the world. The task of driving is complicated by mental health conditions, which may affect drivers' executive functioning and cognitive resource allocation. This study examines whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depression are associated with unsafe driving behaviors.

Determining the risk of driver-at-fault events associated with common distraction types using naturalistic driving data.

Introduction: Studies thus far have focused on automobile accidents that involve driver distraction. However, it is hard to discern whether distraction played a role if fault designation is missing because an accident could be caused by an unexpected external event over which the driver has no control. This study seeks to determine the effect of distraction in driver-at-fault events.

How are different sources of distraction associated with at-fault crashes among drivers of different age gender groups?

Introduction: Distracted driving has been well researched, however the comparison between different age-gender groups on the impact of distracted driving has not been explored. Most crash analysis research does not distinguish driver responsibility, so the role that distractions has in at-fault crashes is unknown. Without distinguishing at-fault crashes from all-cause crashes, distracted driving's detrimental effects could be underestimated.

The Exchange of Informational Support in Online Health Communities at the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Content Analysis.

Background: Online health communities (OHCs) provide social support for ongoing health-related problems. COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, has been an acute and substantial stressor worldwide. The disease and its impact, especially in the beginning phases, left many people with questions about the nature, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19.

Identifying Self-Management Support Needs for Pregnant Women With Opioid Misuse in Online Health Communities: Mixed Methods Analysis of Web Posts.

Background: The current opioid crisis in the United States impacts broad population groups, including pregnant women. Opioid use during pregnancy can affect the health and wellness of both mothers and their infants. Understanding women's efforts to self-manage opioid use or misuse in pregnancy is needed to identify intervention points for improving maternal outcomes.

Imputation of Missing Data in Electronic Health Records Based on Patients' Similarities.

Using electronic health records (EHR) as the source of data for mining and analysis of different health conditions has become an increasingly common approach. However, due to irregular observation times and other uncertainties inherent in medical settings, the EHR data sets suffer from a large number of missing values. Most of the traditional data mining and machine learning approaches are designed to operate on complete data.

Connectedness Based on Shared Engagement Predicts Remote Biochemically Verified Quit Status Within Smoking Cessation Treatment Groups on Facebook.

Introduction: Engagement with online content and online social network integration are associated with smoking behavior change, but less is known about social dynamics of shared engagement between participants in group-based social media interventions.

Methods: Participants were 251 young adult smokers aged 18 to 25 assigned to one of 29 secret Facebook groups tailored to their readiness to quit smoking ("pre-contemplation," "contemplation," and "preparation"). Groups varied in size and were randomly assigned to receive monetary incentives for engagement.

Detecting Patterns of Prescription Drug Use During Pregnancy and Lactation with Visualization Techniques.

Background: Pharmacovigilance studies for the pregnancy population are an important tool to address the teratogenic and maternal effects of prescription drugs.

Objectives: We sought to leverage existing data to provide empirical evidence that reflects current drug utilization by pregnant/lactating women for pharmacovigilance and effective study designs.

Methods: Temporal patterns of prescription drug use during pregnancy and lactation for four clinical conditions were visualized using a R package and an administrative claims dataset representing nationwide privately-insured women.

Thoracic Oncology Multidisciplinary Clinic Reduces Unnecessary Health Care Expenditure Used in the Workup of Patients With Non-small-cell Lung Cancer.

Background: National costs of lung cancer care exceed $12 billion. We investigate the resource-savings benefit of a single-day thoracic oncology multidisciplinary clinic (MDC) in the diagnostic period prior to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment.

Materials And Methods: From July 2007 to January 2015, patients with NSCLC treated with multimodality therapy at a tertiary hospital-based cancer center in Maryland were identified.