Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Human and Murine Models of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.

Introduction: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a complex congenital disorder, characterized by pulmonary hypertension (PH) and hypoplasia. PH secondary to CDH (CDH-PH) features devastating morbidity and mortality (25-30%) among neonates. An unmet need is determining mechanisms triggering CDH-PH to save infants.

Enhancing foot care education and support strategies in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Background: People with diabetes are susceptible to serious and disabling foot complications, which increase their morbidity and mortality rates. Examining the perspectives of people with diabetes on their foot care routines could help elucidate their beliefs and offer practical ways to prevent foot problems.

Purpose: We explored the perspectives of adults with diabetes on their foot care practices to identify and enhance foot care education and support strategies.

Engaging patients as teachers in a baccaulaureate nursing reproductive health care course: A qualitative study.

Background: Teaching nursing students about the principles and practical application of person-centered care is an essential yet challenging component of nursing education. Integrating patients as teachers to share their personal stories of maternity care can elicit positive outcomes toward students achieving course objectives.

Objectives: To determine how the educational experience of having patients as teachers in the classroom could influence students' awareness of patients' perceptions of their maternity care, delivering person-centered care and the roles of nursing in their future practice.

The Safer Culture Framework: An Application to Healthcare Based on a Multi-Industry Review of Safety Culture Literature.

Background: Errors and preventable harm to patients remain regrettably common and expensive in healthcare. Improvement requires transforming the culture of the healthcare industry to put a greater emphasis on safety. Safety culture involves holding collective attitudes, values, and behaviors that prioritize safety.

Implementing a Robust Process Improvement Program in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit to Reduce Harm.

Introduction: Preventable harm continues to occur with critically ill neonates despite efforts by hospital neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to improve processes and reduce harm. Attaining significant and sustainable improvements will require training including leadership support, mentoring, and patient family engagement to improve care processes. This paper describes the implementation of a robust process improvement (RPI) program in the NICU to reduce harm.

Development and testing of the Stakeholder Quality Improvement Perspectives Survey (SQuIPS).

Background: To create a theory-informed survey that quality improvement (QI) teams can use to understand stakeholder perceptions of an intervention.

Method: We created the survey then performed a cross-sectional survey of QI stakeholders of three QI projects. The projects sought to: (1) reduce unplanned extubations in a neonatal intensive care unit; (2) maintain normothermia during colorectal surgery and (3) reduce specimen processing errors for ambulatory gastroenterology procedures.

Barriers to Transition to Home From the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Perspectives of Parents and Healthcare Providers.

The objective of this study was to explore the challenges faced by parents of former neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients in transitioning home from parents' and healthcare providers' perspective. We conducted semistructured individual and group interviews with parents of former NICU patients and healthcare providers. Themes from the individual interviews framed the group interviews' contents.

Telemedicine for Children With Medical Complexity: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Telemedicine is widely used but has uncertain value. We assessed telemedicine to further improve outcomes and reduce costs of comprehensive care (CC) for medically complex children.

Methods: We conducted a single-center randomized clinical trial comparing telemedicine with CC relative to CC alone for medically complex children in reducing care days outside the home (clinic, emergency department, or hospital; primary outcome), rate of children developing serious illnesses (causing death, ICU admission, or hospital stay >7 days), and health system costs.

Drivers of distress and well-being amongst pediatric surgeons.

Introduction: Although pediatric surgeons have lower rates of burnout compared to other surgical subspecialists, they still struggle with work-home conflict, depersonalization, and emotional exhaustion. Prior surveys have measured career satisfaction and burnout, but none have identified factors that contribute to physician well-being or provided potential solutions.

Methods: Members of the American Pediatric Surgical Association were surveyed regarding sources of distress and institutional practices intended to promote well-being.

Supporting recovery after adverse events: An essential component of surgeon well-being.

Background: Failure to recover after a medical error is a major contributor to burnout. The degree to which pediatric surgeons experience errors and the barriers and facilitators to successful recovery are largely unknown.

Methods: We conducted a survey of American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) members to measure frequency of personal experience with medical errors resulting in significant patient harm, describe coping mechanisms, and explore surgeon satisfaction with institutional support in the wake of an error.

Use of hydroxychloroquine and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with lupus erythematosus: A Danish nationwide cohort study.

Background: Limited data suggest that hydroxychloroquine may affect risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with lupus erythematosus (LE).

Objective: To investigate whether hydroxychloroquine treatment is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or cardiovascular-associated death) in patients with cutaneous LE (CLE) or systemic LE (SLE).

Methods: Based on the Danish nationwide registers, an observational cohort study was conducted including patients with first-time diagnosis of CLE or SLE (between 1997 and 2017).

Batch-to-Batch Consistency of SB4 and SB2, Etanercept and Infliximab Biosimilars.

Background: Biosimilars must meet stringent regulatory requirements, both at the time of authorization and during their lifecycle. Yet it has been suggested that divergence in quality attributes over time may lead to clinically meaningful differences between two versions of a biologic. Therefore, this study investigated the batch-to-batch consistency across a range of parameters for released batches of the etanercept biosimilar (SB4) and infliximab biosimilar (SB2).

An Ethnography of Parents' Perceptions of Patient Safety in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Parents of neonates are integral components of patient safety in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), yet their views are often not considered. By understanding how parents perceive patient safety in the NICU, clinicians can identify appropriate parent-centered strategies to involve them in promoting safe care for their infants.

Purpose: To determine how parents of neonates conceptualize patient safety in the NICU.

Safety Culture: An Integration of Existing Models and a Framework for Understanding Its Development.

Objective: This study reviews theoretical models of organizational safety culture to uncover key factors in safety culture development.

Background: Research supports the important role of safety culture in organizations, but theoretical progress has been stunted by a disjointed literature base. It is currently unclear how different elements of an organizational system function to influence safety culture, limiting the practical utility of important research findings.

Correction: Gold-carbonyl group interactions in the electrochemistry of anthraquinone thiols self-assembled on Au(111)-surfaces.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C9SC00061E.].

Gold-carbonyl group interactions in the electrochemistry of anthraquinone thiols self-assembled on Au(111)-surfaces.

New anthraquinone derivatives with either a single or two thiol groups (AQ1 and AQ2) were synthesized and immobilized in self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au(111) electrodes Au-S bonds. The resultant AQ1- and AQ2-SAMs were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which enabled mapping of the gold-carbonyl group interactions and other dynamics in the Au-S bound molecular framework. Understanding of these interactions is important for research on thiol-coated gold nanoclusters, since (I) anthraquinone derivatives are a major compound family for providing desired redox functionality in multifarious assays or devices, and (II) the gold-carbonyl interactions can strongly affect anthraquinone electrochemistry.

Preventing patient harm via adverse event review: An APSA survey regarding the role of morbidity and mortality (M&M) conference.

Introduction: Peer-review endeavors represent the continual learning environment critical for a culture of patient safety. Morbidity and mortality (M&M) conferences are designed to review adverse events to prevent future similar events. The extent to which pediatric surgeons participate in M&M, and believe M&M improves patient safety, is unknown.

Surgical Safety Checklists in Children's Surgery: Surgeons' Attitudes and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Surgical safety checklists (SSCs) aim to create a safe operating room environment for surgical patients. Provider attitudes toward checklists affect their ability to prevent harm. Pediatric surgeons' perceptions surrounding SSCs, and their role in improving patient safety, are unknown.

Parent Perspectives on Readiness for Discharge Home after Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Admission.

Objective: To explore the parent perspective on discharge home from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Study Design: We interviewed parents of NICU graduates with a range of demographic characteristics and medical complexities to explore parent perspectives on readiness for discharge. Interviews were transcribed and coded by a 6-member team.

A Multi-Stakeholder Consensus-Driven Research Agenda for Better Understanding and Supporting the Emotional Impact of Harmful Events on Patients and Families.

Background: The nature and consequences of patient and family emotional harm stemming from preventable medical error, such as losing a loved one or surviving serious medical injury, is poorly understood. Patients and families, clinicians, social scientists, lawyers, and foundation/policy leaders were brought together to establish research priorities for this issue.

Methods: A one-day conference of diverse stakeholder groups to establish a consensus-driven research agenda focused on (1) priorities for research on the short-term and long-term emotional impact of harmful events on patients and families, (2) barriers and enablers to conducting such research, and (3) actionable steps toward better supporting harmed patients and families now.

Long-Term Impacts Faced by Patients and Families After Harmful Healthcare Events.

Background: Patients and families report experiencing a multitude of harms from medical errors resulting in physical, emotional, and financial hardships. Little is known about the duration and nature of these harms and the type of support needed to promote patient and family healing after such events. We sought to describe the long-term impacts (LTIs) reported by patients and family members who experienced harmful medical events 5 or more years ago.

Barriers to Speaking Up About Patient Safety Concerns.

Objectives: We sought to examine the association between willingness of health-care professionals to speak up about patient safety concerns and their perceptions of two types of organizational culture (ie, safety and teamwork) and understand whether nursing professionals and other health-care professionals reported the same barriers to speaking up about patient safety concerns.

Methods: As part of an annual safety culture survey in a large health-care system, we asked health-care professionals to tell us about the main barriers that prevent them from speaking up about patient safety concerns. Approximately 1341 respondents completed the anonymous, electronic survey.

Safety culture among pediatric surgeons: A national survey of attitudes and perceptions of patient safety.

Purpose: Improving the culture of safety within health care is an essential component of preventing errors and improving overall health care quality. The purpose of this study was to characterize the attitudes and perceptions of patient safety among pediatric surgeons.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of American Pediatric Surgery Association members.

Safety, efficacy and drug survival of biologics and biosimilars for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.

Background: Real-life data on newer biological and biosimilar agents for moderate-to-severe psoriasis are lacking.

Objectives: To examine safety, efficacy and time to discontinuation (drug survival) of biologics (adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, secukinumab and ustekinumab) and compare originators with biosimilars (i.e.