Elevated temperature has more pronounced effect on anthesis tomato plant than cadmium stress and reduced nitrogen supply.

Plants are often exposed to combined stress, e.g. heat and cadmium (Cd) stress under natural conditions.

Contaminant mass discharge estimation of a sulfonamide plume by use of hydraulic profiling tool (HPT) and fluorescence techniques.

The contaminant mass discharge is a relevant metric to evaluate the risk that a groundwater plume poses to water resources. However, this assessment is often vitiated by a high uncertainty inherent to the assessment method and often limited number of measurement points to carry out the assessment. Direct-Push techniques in combination with profiling tools and dedicated sampling can be an interesting alternative to increase the measurement point density and hence reduce the mass discharge uncertainty.

Effects of Heat Stress during Anthesis and Grain Filling Stages on Some Physiological and Agronomic Traits in Diverse Wheat Genotypes.

Heat stress represents a significant environmental challenge that adversely impacts the growth, physiology, and productivity of wheat. In order to determine the response to high temperatures of the wheat varieties developed mostly in the Pannonian environmental zone, as well as varietal differences, we subjected seven varieties from Serbia, one from Australia, and one from the UK to thermal stress during anthesis and mid-grain filling and combined stress during both of these periods. The changes in chlorophyll fluorescence and index, leaf temperature, and main agronomic traits of nine winter wheat varieties were investigated under high temperatures.

Moderately Elevated Temperature Offsets the Adverse Effects of Waterlogging Stress on Tomato.

Global warming and waterlogging stress due to climate change are expected to continue influencing agricultural production worldwide. In the field, two or more environmental stresses usually happen simultaneously, inducing more complex responses in plants compared with individual stresses. Our aim was to clarify how the two key factors (temperature and water) interacted and influenced physiological response and plant growth in tomatoes under ambient temperature, moderately elevated temperature, waterlogging stress, and moderately elevated temperature and waterlogging stress.

Diastolic dysfunction in hypertension: a comprehensive review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

Diastolic dysfunction refers to impaired relaxation or filling of the ventricles during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is common in hypertensive individuals and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. LVDD serves as a critical precursor to heart failure, particularly heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Elevated CO induce alterations in the hormonal regulation of stomata in drought stressed tomato seedlings.

The atmospheric CO level is rising, and the consequent climate change is causing an increase in drought events. Furthermore, the CO level is known to induce changes in the physiological responses to stress in plants. Exogenous melatonin is suggested to play roles in the response of plants to abiotic stresses, including drought.

Higher Intensity of Salt Stress Accompanied by Heat Inhibits Stomatal Conductance and Induces ROS Accumulation in Tomato Plants.

Under natural conditions, abiotic stresses that limit plant growth and development tend to occur simultaneously, rather than individually. Due to global warming and climate change, the frequency and intensity of heat and salt stresses are becoming more frequent. Our aim is to determine the response mechanisms of tomato to different intensities of combined heat and salt stresses.

Interactive Effects of Temperature, Water Regime, and [CO] on Wheats with Different Heat Susceptibilities.

Plants' response to single environmental changes can be highly distinct from the response to multiple changes. The effects of a single environmental factor on wheat growth have been well documented. However, the interactive influences of multiple factors on different wheat genotypes need further investigation.

Plant responses to co-occurring heat and water deficit stress: A comparative study of tolerance mechanisms in old and modern wheat genotypes.

Global climate change increases the likelihood of co-occurrence of hot and dry spells with increased intensity, frequency, and duration. Studying the impact of the two stresses provide a better understanding of tolerance mechanisms in wheat, and our study was focused on revealing plant stress responses to different severities of combined stress at two phenophases in old and modern wheat genotypes. During the stem elongation and anthesis stages, plants were exposed to four treatments: control, deficit irrigation, combined heat, and deficit irrigation at 31 °C (HD31) and 37 °C (HD37).

Natural attenuation of sulfonamides and metabolites in contaminated groundwater - Review, advantages and challenges of current documentation techniques.

Sulfonamides are applied worldwide as antibiotics. They are emerging contaminants of concern, as their presence in the environment may lead to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. Sulfonamides are present in groundwater systems, which suggest their persistence under certain conditions, highlighting the importance of understanding natural attenuation processes in groundwater.

The crosstalk of far-red energy and signaling defines the regulation of photosynthesis, growth, and flowering in tomatoes.

This study investigated the effect of light intensity and signaling on the regulation of far-red (FR)-induced alteration in photosynthesis. The low (LL: 440 μmol m s) and high (HL: 1135 μmol m s) intensity of white light with or without FR (LLFR: 545 μmol m s including 115 μmol m s; HLFR: 1254 μmol m s + 140 μmol m s) was applied on the tomato cultivar (Solanum Lycopersicon cv. Moneymaker) and mutants of phytochrome A (phyA) and phytochrome B (phyB1, and phyB2).

Stomatal effects and ABA metabolism mediate differential regulation of leaf and flower cooling in tomato cultivars exposed to heat and drought stress.

Co-occurring heat and drought stresses challenge crop performance. Stomata open to promote evaporative cooling during heat stress, but close to retain water during drought stress, which resulted in complex stomatal regulation under combined heat and drought. We aimed to investigate stomatal regulation in leaves and flowers of perennial, indeterminate cultivars of tomatoes subjected to individual and combined heat and drought stress followed by a recovery period, measuring morphological, physiological, and biochemical factors involved in stomatal regulation.

Evaluating the physiological responses and identifying stress tolerance of Akabare chili landraces to individual and combined drought and heat stresses.

. Akabare chili () contributes to Nepalese rural livelihoods but suffers from low productivity due to various abiotic stresses including drought and heat. This study aimed to assess the physiological responses of Akabare chili landraces to heat and drought stress, individually and together, and to identify stress-tolerant genotypes in the early vegetative stage.

Synergistic regulation at physiological, transcriptional and metabolic levels in tomato plants subjected to a combination of salt and heat stress.

With global warming and climate change, abiotic stresses often simultaneously occur. Combined salt and heat stress was a common phenomenon that was severe, particularly in arid/semi-arid lands. We aimed to reveal the systematic responsive mechanisms of tomato genotypes with different salt/heat susceptibilities to combined salt and heat stress.

Compositional Attributes of Blue Lupin () Seeds for Selection of High-Protein Cultivars.

Lupin is a promising protein source with a high protein concentration. Breeding efforts have resulted in the development of varieties low in quinolizidine alkaloids. The objective of this work was to evaluate 22 different blue lupin genotypes for a high protein concentration and low content of antinutritional alkaloids.

ROS-mediated waterlogging memory, induced by priming, mitigates photosynthesis inhibition in tomato under waterlogging stress.

With global climate change, the frequency and intensity of waterlogging events are increasing due to frequent and heavy precipitation. Little is known however about the response of plants to repeated waterlogging stress events. The aim is to clarify physiological regulation mechanisms of tomato plants under repeated waterlogging stress, and whether can alleviate waterlogging injury.

Exogenous Melatonin Alters Stomatal Regulation in Tomato Seedlings Subjected to Combined Heat and Drought Stress through Mechanisms Distinct from ABA Signaling.

The understanding of stomatal regulation in climate stress is essential for ensuring resilient crops. The investigation of the stomatal regulation in combined heat and drought stress aimed to link effects of exogenous melatonin on stomatal conductance (g) and its mechanistic interactions with ABA or ROS signaling. Melatonin-treated and non-treated tomato seedlings were subjected to moderate and severe levels of heat (38°C for one or three days) and drought stress (soil relative water content of 50% or 20%) applied individually and in combination.

Dominant and Priming Role of Waterlogging in Tomato at e[CO] by Multivariate Analysis.

The frequency of waterlogging episodes has increased due to unpredictable and intense rainfalls. However, less is known about waterlogging memory and its interaction with other climate change events, such as elevated CO concentration (e[CO]). This study investigated the combined effects of e[CO] and two rounds of waterlogging stress on the growth of cultivated tomato () and wild tomato ().

Regulation and physiological function of proteins for heat tolerance in cowpea () genotypes under controlled and field conditions.

The expression of heat shock proteins is considered a central adaptive mechanism to heat stress. This study investigated the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and other stress-protective proteins against heat stress in cowpea genotypes under field (IT-96D-610 and IT-16) and controlled (IT-96D-610) conditions. Heat stress response analysis of proteins at 72 h in the controlled environment showed 270 differentially regulated proteins identified using label-free quantitative proteomics in IT-96D-610 plants.

Metabolic changes in cucumber leaves are enhanced by blue light but differentially affected by UV interactions with light signalling pathways in the visible spectrum.

Ultraviolet radiation (UV, 280-400 nm) as an environmental signal triggers metabolic acclimatory responses. However, how different light qualities affect UV acclimation during growth is poorly understood. Here, cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus) were grown under blue, green, red, or white light in combination with UV.

Phenotyping to dissect the biostimulant action of a protein hydrolysate in tomato plants under combined abiotic stress.

Drought and heat stresses are the main constrains to agricultural crop production worldwide. Precise and efficient phenotyping is essential to understand the complexity of plant responses to abiotic stresses and to identify the best management strategies to increase plant tolerance. In the present study, two phenotyping platforms were used to investigate the effects of a protein hydrolysate-based biostimulant on the physiological response of two tomato genotypes ('E42' and 'LA3120') subjected to heat, drought, or combined stress.

Salinity, waterlogging, and elevated [CO2] interact to induce complex responses in cultivated and wild tomato.

The effects of individual climatic factors on crops are well documented, whereas the interaction of such factors in combination has received less attention. The frequency of salinity and waterlogging stress is increasing with climate change, accompanied by elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]). This study explored how these three variables interacted and affected two tomato genotypes.

Proteome changes and associated physiological roles in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) tolerance to heat stress under field conditions.

Interrogative proteome analyses are used to identify and quantify the expression of proteins involved in heat tolerance and to identify associated physiological processes in heat-stressed plants. The objectives of the study were to identify and quantify the expression of proteins involved in heat tolerance and to identify associated physiological processes in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) heat-tolerant (Acc#7) and sensitive genotype (Acc#8) from a field study.

Elevated CO concentration increases photosynthetic sensitivity to nitrogen supply of sorghum in a genotype-dependent manner.

We hypothesized that elevated [CO] only increases sorghum photosynthesis under low nitrogen availability and evaluated whether cultivars BRS373 (grain), BRS511 (saccharine) and BRS655 (forage) differ in their sensitivity to nitrogen and [CO]. Plants were grown in growth chambers where air [CO] was 400 (a[CO]) or 800 (e[CO]) μmol CO mol and supplied with nutrient solution containing 211 (HN) or 48 (LN) ppm N for 45 days. Photosynthetic traits were measured in fully expanded leaves as well as leaf nitrogen and biomass accumulation.