Investigation of Oxidative-Stress Impact on Human Osteoblasts During Orthodontic Tooth Movement Using an In Vitro Tension Model.

In recent years, there has been a growing number of adult orthodontic patients with periodontal disease. The progression of periodontal disease is well-linked to oxidative stress (OS). Nevertheless, the impact of OS on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is not fully clarified.

Functional and Biological Characterization of the LGR5Δ5 Splice Variant in HEK293T Cells.

The regulator of the canonical Wnt pathway, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), is expressed in the stem cell compartment of several tissues and overexpressed in different human carcinomas. The isoform of the stem cell marker LGR5, named LGR5Δ5 and first described by our group, is associated with prognosis and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and soft tissue sarcoma (STS). In a proof-of-principle analysis, the function of LGR5Δ5 was investigated in HEK293T cells, a model cell line of the Wnt pathway, compared to full-length LGR5 (FL) expression.

Competitive exclusion among self-replicating molecules curtails the tendency of chemistry to diversify.

The transition of chemistry into biology is poorly understood. Key questions include how the inherently divergent nature of chemical reactions can be curtailed, and whether Darwinian principles from biology extend to chemistry. Addressing both questions simultaneously, we now show that the evolutionary principle of competitive exclusion, which states that a single niche can be stably occupied by only one species, also applies to self-replicating chemical systems, and that this principle diminishes the tendency of chemistry to diversify.

Light-Mediated Interconversion between a Foldamer and a Self-Replicator.

Self-replicating molecules and well-defined folded macromolecules are of great significance in the emergence and evolution of life. How they may interconnect and affect each other remains largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate an abiotic system where a single building block can oligomerize to yield either a self-replicating molecule or a foldamer.

Simultaneous Formation of a Foldamer and a Self-Replicator by Out-of-Equilibrium Dynamic Covalent Chemistry.

Systems chemistry has emerged as a useful paradigm to access structures and phenomena typically exhibited by living systems, including complex molecular systems such as self-replicators and foldamers. As we progress further toward the noncovalent synthesis of life-like systems, and eventually life itself, it is necessary to gain control over assembly pathways. Dissipative chemical fueling has enabled access to stable populations of (self-assembled) structures that would normally form only transiently.

Molecular-scale dissipative chemistry drives the formation of nanoscale assemblies and their macroscale transport.

Fuelled chemical systems have considerable functional potential that remains largely unexplored. Here we report an approach to transient amide bond formation and use it to harness chemical energy and convert it to mechanical motion by integrating dissipative self-assembly and the Marangoni effect in a source-sink system. Droplets are formed through dissipative self-assembly following the reaction of octylamine with 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride.

Emergent Behavior of a Photoswitchable Solute in a Biphasic Solvent System.

Due to thermal E/Z isomerization, hydrazones in solution typically exist in thermodynamic equilibria between their isomers. Irradiation of such solutions leads to photostationary states that may differ from the equilibrium distribution. Operating such switchable hydrazones in a biphasic system of two immiscible solvents introduces three new degrees of freedom: the E/Z equilibrium in the second solvent and two equilibria for distribution of each of the isomers between the solvents.

Management of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) in Germany: a single-center study on hospital resources and healthcare economics.

Background: Patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) present as a main feature ≤50% stenosis upon angiography despite clinical symptoms and biomarker elevation related to acute coronary syndrome. Due to broad availability of high sensitivity troponin testing as well as invasive and non-invasive imaging, this clinical entity receives increasing clinical awareness.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the in-hospital work flow and economic impact of MINOCA vs.

Mathematical modelling for pandemic preparedness in Canada: Learning from COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic underlined the need for pandemic planning but also brought into focus the use of mathematical modelling to support public health decisions. The types of models needed (compartment, agent-based, importation) are described. Best practices regarding biological realism (including the need for multidisciplinary expert advisors to modellers), model complexity, consideration of uncertainty and communications to decision-makers and the public are outlined.

Opportunities for Laboratory Testing to Inform Antimicrobial Use for Bovine Respiratory Disease: Application of Information Quality Value Stream Maps in Commercial Feedlots.

Background/objectives: The implementation of information quality value stream maps (IQ-VSMs) in food animal production systems can increase our understanding of the opportunities and challenges when using laboratory testing for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to support antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). Our objectives were to (1) explore the implementation of information quality value stream mapping as a continuous improvement tool to inform decisions for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) management and AMS and (2) apply the information quality dimensions to identified Kaizen opportunities for the integration of laboratory data into BRD management systems to assess the appropriateness of BRD treatment plans in western Canadian feedlot production.

Methods: A 'Current State' IQ-VSM outlined the processes, available information, information processing steps, and control decisions contributing to BRD management and treatment in commercial western Canadian feedlots, recognizing that laboratory BRD pathogens and AMR data are typically not part of BRD management.

Variety is the spice of life: nongenetic variation in life histories influences population growth and evolvability.

Individual vital rates, such as mortality and birth rates, are key determinants of lifetime reproductive success, and variability in these rates shapes population dynamics. Previous studies have found that this vital rate heterogeneity can influence demographic properties, including population growth rates. However, the explicit effects of the variation within and the covariance between vital rates that can also vary throughout the lifespan on population growth remain unknown.

F ST between haploids and diploids in species with discrete ploidy phases.

Many organisms alternate between distinct haploid and diploid phases, which generates population structure according to ploidy level. In this research, we consider a haploid-diploid population using statistical approaches developed for spatially subdivided populations, where haploids represent one "patch" and diploids another "patch". In species with alternating generations, sexual reproduction causes movement from diploids to haploids (by meiosis with recombination) and from haploids to diploids (by syngamy).

Intra-flap recurrence of an oral squamous cell carcinoma after curative resection and reconstruction with a free flap.

Unlabelled: Intra-flap recurrence after reconstruction is a possible complication in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) after curative resection and reconstruction with a free flap.

Abstract: This case report describes an intra-flap recurrence after tumor resection and reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi flap due to OSCC. We report a 58-year-old female patient who underwent curative resection of a squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity and submental area and reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi free flap.

High-throughput detection of potential bacteriocin producers in a large strain library using live fluorescent biosensors.

The global increase in antibiotic resistances demands for additional efforts to identify novel antimicrobials such as bacteriocins. These antimicrobial peptides of bacterial origin are already used widely in food preservation and promising alternatives for antibiotics in animal feed and some clinical setting. Identification of novel antimicrobials is facilitated by appropriate high throughput screening (HTS) methods.

Risk Factors for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Myocarditis: An Integrative Review.

Purpose: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to determine factors that increase the risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related myocarditis in the cancer patient population.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Review. Dates searched were from inception through March 1, 2022.

Human Brain Deuterium Metabolic Imaging at 7 T: Impact of Different [6,6'-H]Glucose Doses.

Background: Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is an innovative, noninvasive metabolic MR imaging method conducted after administration of H-labeled substrates. DMI after [6,6'-H]glucose consumption has been used to investigate brain metabolic processes, but the impact of different [6,6'-H]glucose doses on DMI brain data is not well known.

Purpose: To investigate three different [6,6'-H]glucose doses for DMI in the human brain at 7 T.

A climate vulnerability assessment of the fish community in the Western Baltic Sea.

Marine fisheries are increasingly impacted by climate change, affecting species distribution and productivity, and necessitating urgent adaptation efforts. Climate vulnerability assessments (CVA), integrating expert knowledge, are vital for identifying species that could thrive or suffer under changing environmental conditions. This study presents a first CVA for the Western Baltic Sea's fish community, a crucial fishing area for Denmark and Germany.