Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytology in Lyme Neuroborreliosis Revisited-Role of Neutrophilic Granulocytes: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

: diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) relies on medical history, clinical findings, and detection of pathogen-specific antibodies in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The chemoattractant CXCL13 serves as an additional marker for LNB acuity. During the diagnostic workup, cytomorphological examination of immune cells in CSF provides early insights.

A Pharmacokinetic Study of the Interaction Between Regorafenib and Paracetamol in Male Rats.

: In clinical practice, the prevalent problem of polypharmacy could result in increased risks of drug-drug interactions. Regorafenib (REG) is commonly co-administered with paracetamol (PA) as a treatment protocol in cancer patients with pain therapy. : This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of paracetamol on the pharmacokinetic parameters of regorafenib and its metabolites following a single administration of both substances in rats.

Impact of Continuous Ofatumumab Exposure During Pregnancy in Multiple Sclerosis.

Objectives: Anti-CD20 therapies are highly effective treatment options for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory disorder of the CNS commonly affecting women of childbearing age. Anti-CD20 therapies are however unlicensed for use in pregnancy. Belonging to the IgG1 family, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies are likely to cross the placenta, especially after the 20th week of gestation.

How can event attribution science underpin financial decisions on Loss and Damage?

With climate extremes hitting nations across the globe, disproportionately burdening vulnerable developing countries, the prompt operation of the Loss and Damage fund is of paramount importance. As decisions on resource disbursement at the international level, and investment strategies at the national level, loom, the climate science community's role in providing fair and effective evidence is crucial. Attribution science can provide useful information for decision makers, but both ethical implications and deep uncertainty cannot be ignored.

S. mansoni -derived omega-1 prevents OVA-specific allergic airway inflammation via hampering of cDC2 migration.

Chronic infection with Schistosoma mansoni parasites is associated with reduced allergic sensitization in humans, while schistosome eggs protects against allergic airway inflammation (AAI) in mice. One of the main secretory/excretory molecules from schistosome eggs is the glycosylated T2-RNAse Omega-1 (ω1). We hypothesized that ω1 induces protection against AAI during infection.

Triggered integer charge transfer: energy-level alignment at an organic-2D material interface.

Weakly interacting systems such as organic molecules on monolayers of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) offer the possibility of single integer charge transfer leading to the formation of organic ions. Such open-shell systems exhibit unique optical and electronic properties which differ from their neutral counterparts. In this study, we used a joint experimental and theoretical approach to investigate the charge transfer of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on h-BN/Ni(111) by using differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), and photoelectron orbital tomography (POT) measurements in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

AMPK activation induces RALDH+ tolerogenic dendritic cells by rewiring glucose and lipid metabolism.

Dendritic cell (DC) activation and function are underpinned by profound changes in cellular metabolism. Several studies indicate that the ability of DCs to promote tolerance is dependent on catabolic metabolism. Yet the contribution of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), a central energy sensor promoting catabolism, to DC tolerogenicity remains unknown.

Microemulsion-Based Polymer Gels with Ketoprofen and Menthol: Physicochemical Properties and Drug Release Studies.

Ketoprofen is a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug frequently incorporated in topical dosage forms which are an interesting alternatives for oral formulations. However, due to the physiological barrier function of skin, topical formulations may require some approaches to improve drug permeation across the skin. In this study, ketoprofen-loaded microemulsion-based gels with the addition of menthol, commonly known for absorption-enhancing activity in dermal products, were investigated.

Clonal Hematopoiesis and Bone Marrow Infiltration in Patients With Follicular Helper T-Cell Lymphoma of Angioimmunoblastic Type.

Follicular helper T-cell (TFH) lymphoma harbors recurrent mutations of RHOA, IDH2, TET2, and DNMT3A. TET2 and DNMT3A mutations are the most frequently affected genes in clonal hematopoiesis (CH). The aim of our study was to investigate the frequency of CH in bone marrow biopsies (BMB) of TFH/angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (TFH-AITL) patients and its association with myeloid neoplasms.

Pituitary Apoplexy in Macroadenoma After Minor Surgery: An Unusual Case and Literature Review.

Pituitary apoplexy is a rare and severe complication of pituitary adenoma that may present with new-onset headache, ocular palsy, visual disturbances, life-threatening electrolyte imbalance, and endocrinological disturbances due to pituitary hemorrhage and/or infarction. We report the case of a 58-year-old previously healthy patient who developed isolated mild oculomotor nerve palsy of the left eye following osteosynthesis of a traumatic right distal radius fracture. Initial cerebral magnetic resonance imaging showed a pituitary macroadenoma without characteristic signs of pituitary infarction or hemorrhage.

Pharmacokinetic interaction between regorafenib and atorvastatin in rats.

Background: Regorafenib is used in the treatment of colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to the co-morbidity of hyperlipidemia in these conditions, statins, including atorvastatin, are used as potential adjuvant therapy agents. Both regorafenib and atorvastatin are metabolized by CYP3A4.

Beyond T cell toxicity - Intrathecal chemokine CXCL13 indicating B cell involvement in immune-related adverse events following checkpoint inhibition: A two-case series and literature review.

Background And Purpose: This study was undertaken to raise awareness of a role of B cells in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated neurological immune-related adverse events (nirAE).

Methods: A systematic literature review was made, with case observations of a melanoma and a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient who developed ICI-associated nirAE with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings indicating B cell involvement.

Results: Two patients receiving ipilimumab/nivolumab for melanoma and chemotherapy/pembrolizumab for NSCLC developed nirAE in the form of myocarditis/myositis/myasthenia gravis overlap syndrome (triple M) and cerebellitis plus longitudinal transverse myelitis (c-LETM), respectively.

Clonal haematopoiesis: A common progenitor for cytotoxic peripheral T-cell lymphoma and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.

Recent studies have shown that follicular helper T-cell lymphoma of angioimmunoblastic type (AITL), the most common nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), frequently arises in a background of clonal haematopoiesis (CH), a preneoplastic condition affecting up to 40% of elderly individuals. Data on a potential CH association are limited for other PTCL. We report a unique patient who sequentially developed both cytotoxic PTCL, not otherwise specified and AITL with distinct T-cell receptor rearrangements but shared somatic mutations originating from the same CH clone, thus providing convincing evidence that CH can give rise to T-cell neoplasms of different lineage.

Structural and electronic properties of MoS and MoSe monolayers grown by chemical vapor deposition on Au(111).

The exceptional electronic and photonic properties of the monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides including the spin-orbit splitting of the valence and conduction bands at the points of the Brillouin zone make them promising for novel applications in electronics, photonics and optoelectronics. Scalable growth of these materials and understanding of their interaction with the substrate is crucial for these applications. Here we report the growth of MoS and MoSe monolayers on Au(111) by chemical vapor deposition at ambient pressure as well as the analysis of their structural and electronic properties down to the atomic scale.

Bidirectional pharmacokinetic drug interactions between olaparib and metformin.

Objective: Olaparib is a PARP (poly-ADP-ribose polymerase) inhibitor used for maintenance therapy in BRCA-mutated cancers. Metformin is a first-choice drug used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Both drugs are commonly co-administered to oncologic patients with add-on type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Absolute energy levels in nanodiamonds of different origins and surface chemistries.

Nanodiamonds (NDs) are versatile, broadly available nanomaterials with a set of features highly attractive for applications from biology over energy harvesting to quantum technologies. synthesis and surface chemistry, NDs can be tuned from the sub-micron to the single-digit size, from conductive to insulating, from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, and from positively to negatively charged surface by simple annealing processes. Such ND diversity makes it difficult to understand and take advantage of their electronic properties.

Sustainable catalysts for efficient triazole synthesis: an immobilized triazine-based copper-NNN pincer complex on TiO.

The multistep synthesis of a hybrid material based on a TiO core with an immobilized triazine-based copper(II)-NNN pincer complex is reported. The formation of the material was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental and thermogravimetric analyses, and the loading by copper ions was quantified by ICP/OES analysis. The properties of the hybrid material were further investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contiuous wave electron spin resonance (CW-ESR), UV-vis spectroscopy, and argon sorption.

EuroClonality-NGS Recommendations for Evaluation of B-Cell Clonality Analysis by Next-Generation Sequencing: A Structured Approach with the DEPART Algorithm.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based clonality analysis allows in-depth assessment of the clonal composition of a sample with high sensitivity for detecting small clones. Within the EuroClonality-NGS Working Group, a protocol for NGS Ig clonality analysis was developed and validated previously. This NGS-based approach was designed to generate small amplicons, making it suitable for samples with suboptimal DNA quality, especially material derived from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue.

Phototoxic or Photoprotective?-Advances and Limitations of Titanium (IV) Oxide in Dermal Formulations-A Review.

The widespread role of titanium (IV) oxide (TiO) in many industries makes this substance of broad scientific interest. TiO can act as both a photoprotector and photocatalyst, and the potential for its role in both applications increases when present in nanometer-sized crystals. Its sunlight-scattering properties are used extensively in sunscreens.

Dendritic cell-intrinsic LKB1-AMPK/SIK signaling controls metabolic homeostasis by limiting the hepatic Th17 response during obesity.

Obesity-associated metabolic inflammation drives the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, notably through modulating innate and adaptive immune cells in metabolic organs. The nutrient sensor liver kinase B1 (LKB1) has recently been shown to control cellular metabolism and T cell priming functions of DCs. Here, we report that hepatic DCs from high-fat diet-fed (HFD-fed) obese mice display increased LKB1 phosphorylation and that LKB1 deficiency in DCs (CD11cΔLKB1) worsened HFD-driven hepatic steatosis and impaired glucose homeostasis.

Atomically Thin Metal-Dielectric Heterostructures by Atomic Layer Deposition.

Heterostructures increasingly attracted attention over the past several years to enable various optoelectronic and photonic applications. In this work, atomically thin interfaces of Ir/AlO heterostructures compatible with micro-optoelectronic technologies are reported. Their structural and optical properties were determined by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques (XRR, XPS, HRTEM, spectroscopic ellipsometry, and UV/vis/NIR spectrophotometry).

Prevalence of IRF4 rearrangement in large B-cell lymphomas of the Waldeyer's ring in adults.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) in adults. These lymphomas are classified according to gene expression profiling (GEP) into germinal center B-cell (GCB) and activated B-cell type (ABC). Recent studies have suggested new subtypes of large B-cell lymphoma, based on genetic and molecular alterations, among them is large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4-rearrangement (LBCL-IRF4).

Ionotropic Gelation and Chemical Crosslinking as Methods for Fabrication of Modified-Release Gellan Gum-Based Drug Delivery Systems.

Hydrogels have a tridimensional structure. They have the ability to absorb a significant amount of water or other natural or simulated fluids that cause their swelling albeit without losing their structure. Their properties can be exploited for encapsulation and modified targeted drug release.