Assessment and clinical relevance of the dynamic parameters of ventricular repolarization in patients with grade I left ventricular diastolic dysfunction .

Imbalance in ventricular repolarization parameters are related to increased risk of severe arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. There is limited research regarding markers to detect patients at risk in this early stage. We aimed to assess the influence of grade I left ventricular diastolic dysfunction on repolarization parameters in asymptomatic patients.

Treatment of Chronic Atrial Fibrillation During Surgery for Rheumatic Mitral Valve Disease.

Introduction: The result of surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation remains controversial, although prospective and randomized studies have shown significant differences in the return to sinus rhythm in patients treated with ablation versus control group. Surgery of the Labyrinth, proposed by Cox and colleagues, is complex and increases the morbidity rate. Therefore, studies are needed to confirm the impact on clinical outcomes and quality of life of these patients.

New suture techniques for best esthetic skin healing.

Purpose: To report two new suture techniques for best esthetic skin healing.

Methods: Using the pig skin slices routinely employed for surgical technique training two new types of skin sutures were performed. One defined as inverted or hidden X point suture and other as totally hidden intradermal running suture.

Comparative experimental study of myocardial protection with crystalloid solutions for heart transplantation.

Background: There is a growing need to improve myocardial protection, which will lead to better performance of cardiac operations and reduce morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of myocardial protection solution using both intracellular and extracellular crystalloid type regarding the performance of the electrical conduction system, left ventricular contractility and edema, after being subjected to ischemic arrest and reperfusion.

Methods: Hearts isolated from male Wistar (n=32) rats were prepared using Langendorff method and randomly divided equally into four groups according the cardioprotective solutions used Krebs-Henseleit-Buffer (KHB), Bretschneider-HTK (HTK), St.

Pantoprazole provides myocardial protection similar to ischemic preconditioning: experimental study of isolated hearts of rats.

Objective: To evaluate pantoprazole effect in the functional recovery of isolated hearts of rats, submitted to ischemia and reperfusion with and without ischemic preconditioning.

Methods: In four groups of eight Wistar breed rats, the hearts were removed after anesthesia and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution (95% O2, 5% CO2, 37 ºC). GI, GII, GIII and GIV hearts were submitted to ischemia (20 min) and reperfusion (30 min).

Ischemia-reperfusion histopathology alterations of the rabbit intestinal wall with and without ischemic preconditioning.

Purpose: To evaluate the histopathology alterations of the intestinal mucosa of rabbits submitted to mesenteric artery ischemia and reperfusion with and without ischemic preconditioning.

Methods: Two groups of ten male New Zealand white rabbits body (weight 2.2-3.

Myocardium functional recovery protection by omeprazole after ischemia-reperfusion in isolated rat hearts.

Objective: To evaluate the myocardium contractility alterations of isolated hearts of rats, submitted to ischemia and reperfusion with and without administration of the omeprazole.

Methods: Twelve Wistar breed rats with 270 g mean body weight was studied. After anesthesia by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine 10mg and xylazine 2mg, their hearts were removed and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution (95% of O2 and 5% of CO2, 37 ºC, 110-120 mmHg perfusion pressure, 8 mmHg ventricular diastolic pressure) in the São Francisco de Assis disposable Langendorff system model Comex Ltda, MG.

Correlation between right atrial venous blood gasometry and cardiac index in cardiac surgery postoperative period.

Objective: To determine, even during postoperative period, the confiability of the cardiac index correlate with the data data given by a central atrial venous blood gasometry in patients who underwent cardiac surgery.

Methods: From the sample of arterial and venous blood of right atrium gathered in postoperative of cardiac surgery, it was determinated the hemoglobin concentration and the gasometric study through what was observed of the venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) and the partial pressure of oxygen from venous blood gathered in right atrium (PvO2), add to the calculation of artery-venous difference of the oxygen content--radial artery / right atrium (C( a-v )O2). Afterwards, these parameters were compared with the cardiac index determined by thermodilution.

Ischemia-reperfusion histopathology alterations of the rabbit intestinal wall with and without exclusion of the collateral mesenteric circulation supply.

Purpose: To evaluate the histopathology alterations of the intestinal mucosa of rabbits submitted to different times of mesenteric artery ischemia and reperfusion with and without celiac artery collateral circulation supply.

Methods: Two groups of eight male New Zealand white rabbits (weight 2.2-3.

Effects of clonidine and isoflurane on the myocardial contractility behavior of isolated rat hearts.

Isoflurane is chosen as an anesthesia drug for cardiac surgeries, and its effectiveness and safety have been proved in countless clinical studies. Clonidine, a central alpha-agonist, has recently been added to isoflurane to attenuate sympathetic hyperactivity by acting directly on its site of origin in the central nervous system. The ability of alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists to inhibit central sympathetic outflow may benefit patients at risk of myocardial damage by improving myocardial oxygen demand and the supply ratio and contributing to hemodynamic stability.

Cardiac effects of postconditioning depend critically on the duration of reperfusion and reocclusion episodes.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of ischemic postconditioning on left ventricular function in isolated rat hearts.

Methods: The hearts of 24 Wistar rats were were isolated, perfused immediately, and distributed into 3 groups: GI, control (n = 8); GII, three 10-second cycles of postconditioning (n = 8); and GIII, three 30-second cycles of postconditioning (n = 8). After a 15-minute stabilization period, all hearts underwent 20 minutes of global ischemia following 20 minutes of reperfusion.

Dipyridamole and low doses of heparin as a new successful physiopathologic and therapeutic approach in 2 cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Unlabelled: OPERATIVE: We report 2 cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) successfully treated with the combination of the platelet adhesiveness blocker dipyridamole and low doses of intravenous heparin.

Methods: The first patient was a 17-year-old boy with septic arthritis; the second patient was a 12-year-old boy with a liver abscess. Both had hemocultures positive for Staphylococcus aureus.

Coronary morphology and conduction system disturbance induced by therapeutic embolization of the coronary septal artery.

Background: Percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial alcohol ablation (PTSMAA) is not a procedure without complications. It may produce heart arrhythmias, especially those due to disturbances of atrioventricular (AV) and interventricular (IV) electrical conduction.

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the anatomical patterns of the right coronary artery and the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and to relate them to the AV and IV bundle branch blocks provoked by PTSMAA.

Echocardiographic evaluation of patients undergoing mitral valve replacement with crossed papillopexy.

Background: Techniques for mitral valve replacement with preservation of the subvalvular apparatus have proven their superiority, and crossed papillopexy is a new technical option which, besides allowing Preservation of the anatomical structures, provides contractility support and protection to the myocardium during ventricular diastole. The technique requires further studies that document its results.

Objective: To evaluate the left atrial and ventricular function by Doppler echocardiography in patients who have undergone mitral valve replacement with crossed papillopexy.

Evaluation of ischemic postconditioning effect on mesenteric ischemia treatment: experimental study in rats.

Objective: To assess the preconditioning and postconditioning effect on intestinal mucosal lesions in rats undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion procedure.

Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were studied and divided into three groups: Group A, 10 rats undergone mesenteric ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes); Group B, 10 rats undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion preceded by ischemic preconditioning for three cycles of ischemia and reperfusion for two minutes each; Group C, 10 rats undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion and, preceding the beginning of reperfusion, ischemic postconditioning was performed for three cycles of reperfusion and ischemia for two minutes each. Then, a segment of small intestine was resected for histological analysis.

Effects of ischemic postconditioning on left ventricular function of isolated rat hearts.

Objective: To assess the effects of ischemic postconditioning on left ventricular function in isolated rat hearts.

Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats were used. These hearts underwent perfusion by modified LANGERDORFF method and distributed into three groups: GI--control (n=8); GII--three cycles of postconditioning of 10/10s (n=8); GIII three cycles of postconditioning of 30/30s (n=8).

Effects of n-acetylcysteine on ischemic preconditioning: study in isolated rat hearts.

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess if N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) changes the Ischemic Preconditioning (IP) in isolated rat hearts using only one cycle of IP.

Methods: Heart Rate (HR), Coronary Flow (CF) and Myocardial Contractility (dP/dt) were registered in 30 Wistar rat's hearts. After anesthesia the hearts were removed and perfused with Krebes-Hensleit equilibrated solution with 95% of O2 and 5% of CO2 according Langendorff's method.

Preconditioning abolishion by midazolam in isolated hearts of rats.

Purpose: To study the effects of benzodiazepine midazolam in the coronary flow (Cflo), cardiac frequency (CF) and myocardial contractility in isolated hearts of rats subjected to ischemic preconditioning (IPC).

Methods: 30 Wistar rats were used, undistinguished by gender. After anesthesia with ethyl ether, the hearts were put into perfusion (Krebs-Henseleit solution, 95% O2 and 5% CO2, 37 degrees C, 110-120mmHg), in disposable Langendorff type system.

Crossed papillopexy with graft in mitral valve replacement: case report.

The aim of this study is to present the crossed papillopexy technique using bovine pericardial graft in mitral replacement caused by intense valvar and subvalvar fibrosis and calcification. This technique allows the functional preservation of the mitral subvalvar apparatus and was successfully applied, by the first time as far as we known, in a patient with calcified rheumatic mitral stenosis, who underwent mitral valve replacement surgery. The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged home on postoperative day 6.

Mitral valve replacement with crossed papillopexy and annular constriction in heart failure patients.

Objective: To analyze the short-term and mid-term follow-ups of patients with heart failure and moderate to severe mitral valve insufficiency and who have undergone mitral valve replacement with crossed papillopexy and annular constriction.

Methods: Thirteen patients in NYHA functional class III or IV, with a mean age of 54.1 years and with idiopathic etiology, underwent mitral valve replacement with ring constriction and crossed papillopexy.

The ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning effect on the intestinal mucosa of rats undergoing mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion procedure.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the ischemic preconditioning and the ischemic postconditioning over the tissue injury in the intestinal mucosa of rats undergoing the procedure of mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion.

Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were studied, divided in three groups: group A, undergoing mesenteric ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes); group B, mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion preceded by ischemic preconditioning; group C, mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion and, before the beginning of reperfusion, the ischemic postconditioning was performed. At the end, a segment of the small intestine was dissected for histological analysis.

Determination of mitral valve area through pressure half-time measurements in the left atrium and pulmonary capillary wedge.

Objective: To confirm the validity of the calculation in MVA applying the method of Doppler pressure half-time directly in left atrial (LA) and pulmonary capillary pressure curve.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with mitral valve stenosis underwent percutaneous mitral valvotomy (PMV) using the Cribier method with MVA measurement made using the traditional methods (Gorlin and echo-Doppler) and this propose. MVA values obtained were compared and a linear regression model was used to obtain formula for reciprocal calculations of the mitral valve area.

Optimized technical and electrophysiological approach for treatment of atrial fibrillation.

Unlabelled: The maze procedure initially proposed by Cox for primary atrial fibrillation treatment somehow, in its complexity, increases the morbidity risk associated with mitral valve surgery.

Objective: We sought to describe a surgical technique that considers the concepts of electrophysiology and to describe the initial results of a new surgical and electrophysiological approach that blocks the main atrial circuits as defined by Frame, and to optimize the surgical tactic for treatment of atrial fibrillation.

Material And Methods: Eight patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and mitral valve dysfunction, with tricuspid valve regurgitation in 1 case, were operated on.

Effects of metoprolol and amiodarone combination on heart rate, myocardial contractility and coronary flow: Study in isolated perfused rat hearts.

Background: Beta-blockers and amiodarone have been used concomitantly to treat arrhythmias associated with congestive heart failure. However, the combination of metoprolol and amiodarone has only been studied restrospectively, and its potential effects in congestive heart failure remain to be properly elucidated in prospective trials.

Objective: The present investigation focused on evaluating the pharmacological interaction between metoprolol and amiodarone in an isolated perfused rat heart preparation.