Characteristics and usefulness of transabdominal ultrasonography in immune-mediated colitis.

Background/aims: The usefulness of ultrasonography (US) in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract has been reported recently. This prospective study aimed to determine the features of US findings in immune-mediated colitis (IMC), an adverse event induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor, and examine the correlation between US findings, colonoscopy (CS) findings, and severity of colitis.

Methods: We studied patients examined using CS and US upon suspicion of IMC in Hokkaido University Hospital between April 2018 and February 2021.

Endoscopic balloon dilations for strictures of rectum, ileocecal valve and duodenum in a patient with X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis deficiency: a case report.

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) deficiency is a rare primary immunodeficiency and gastrointestinal (GI) lesions in XIAP deficiency are similar to Crohn's disease. For patients with Crohn's disease, endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is known to be a standard procedure for intestinal strictures including upper GI tract. However, there are no articles which mention the efficacy of EBDs for the strictures in upper GI tract in patients with XIAP deficiency.

Crohn's Disease Activity Evaluation by Transabdominal Ultrasonography: Correlation with Double-Balloon Endoscopy.

Objectives: Transabdominal ultrasonography (US) has been reported as a useful tool for evaluating Crohn's disease (CD) activity. Endoscopic findings and Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) are currently considered the gold standard for assessing CD activity. We assessed the correlation between US and double-balloon endoscopy (DBE), and CDAI for evaluating CD activity.

Effectiveness of administering zinc acetate hydrate to patients with inflammatory bowel disease and zinc deficiency: a retrospective observational two-center study.

Background/aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients frequently have zinc deficiency. IBD patients with zinc deficiency have higher risks of IBD-related hospitalization, complications, and requiring surgery. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of zinc acetate hydrate (ZAH; Nobelzin) in IBD patients with zinc deficiency.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced enteritis assessed using capsule endoscopy.

We performed capsule endoscopy for a patient with immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced enteritis and found multiple erosions or small ulcers in the small intestine. No reports demonstrated the effectiveness of capsule endoscopy for immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced gastrointestinal adverse events, and our case suggests that capsule endoscopy may be useful to evaluate immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced enteritis.

Chronic Diarrhea as the Presenting Feature of Amyloidosis with Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report Diagnosed by a Myocardial Biopsy.

A 73-year-old woman with a history of diarrhea for one year and other various symptoms was admitted to our hospital. Gastrointestinal endoscopy that included enteroscopy with multiple biopsies was performed. However, no significant findings were observed.

Oleoylethanolamide Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Rats.

Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is an endogenous fatty acid ethanolamide known for its anti-inflammatory effects and its influence on gut microbiota composition; however, the effects of OEA in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unknown. During experiments, OEA downregulated the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and reduced phosphorylation of inhibitor of kappa (Iκ) Bα induced by lipopolysaccharide in human embryonic kidney cells. Moreover, OEA downregulated the expression of interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-1β and inhibited the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65 induced by TNF-α in human enterocytes (Caco-2).

Evaluation of amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells for treatment-resistant moderate Crohn's disease: study protocol for a phase I/II, dual-centre, open-label, uncontrolled, dose-response trial.

Introduction: The medical treatment options for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) are limited and patients resistant to those therapies are left requiring surgical operations that usually only achieve some symptomatic relief. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been shown to be effective for the treatment of CD, and we have demonstrated in animal experiments that human amnion-derived MSCs (AMSC) are a potential new therapeutic strategy. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the safety and efficacy of AMSCs in patients with treatment-resistant CD.

Effect of Ultraviolet Irradiation on Proton Transfer Facilitated by 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphine and Its Metal Complexes at a Water/1,2-Dichloroethane Interface.

We examined photochemical effects by ultraviolet irradiation on facilitated proton transfer at a water/1,2-dichloroethane (W/DCE) interface by ion-transfer voltammetry using a Xe flash lamp. 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphine (HTPP) or its metal complex, such as cobalt (Co(II)TPP), zinc (Zn(II)TPP), and nickel (Ni(II)TPP) complexes, was added into the DCE phase as an ionophore for the facilitated proton transfer. After we irradiated the W/DCE interface through the W phase, the voltammetric waves for proton transfer facilitated by HTPP and Co(II)TPP were remarkably enhanced and shifted to the lower potential region, compared to those before irradiation.

[Study of blood concentration analysis for formate in acute methanol poisoning].

A 53-year-old woman ingested about 300 mL of 95% methanol. After immediate ethanol antagonist therapy and hemodialysis, she recovered completely. Few days later, the plasma concentration of methanol and formate was measured.

Disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis associated with a panperitonitis-like onset: report of a case.

A 59-year-old man was admitted to our department due to a fever of unknown origin. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography showed a large cystic mass in the lower abdomen and a massive amount of abdominal fluid. A laparotomy was performed under a diagnosis of panperitonitis.