Postoperative complications in cochlear implant surgery and their possible risk factors.

Objective: This is a retrospective analysis of the major and minor complications of cochlear implants, as well as the Risk Factors (RF) involved.

Methods: We analyzed the medical records of patients submitted to cochlear implants at public University from 2006 to July 2019, and list here the major and minor complications found, and their risk factors.

Results: There were 193 ears, 100 (51.

Cochlear implant for profound hearing loss post COVID-19 complications.

• COVID-19 has been associated to Sensorineural Hearing Loss. • Cochlear implants may benefit patients with profound hearing loss post COVID-19. • Hearing rehabilitation should not be postponed in cases of deafness post COVID-19.

Cochlear implantation in an animal model documents cochlear damage at the tip of the implant.

Introduction: Electrocochleography has recently emerged as a diagnostic tool in cochlear implant surgery, purposing hearing preservation and optimal electrode positioning.

Objective: In this experimental study, extra-cochlear potentials were obtained during cochlear implant surgery in guinea pigs. The aim was to determine electrophysiological changes indicating cochlear trauma after cochleostomy and after electrode implantation in different insertion depths.

How Stapes Ankylosis and Fracture Affect Middle Ear Dynamics: A Numerical Study.

Numerical models of the human middle ear have been developed throughout the last 30 years, for different purposes. While several types of pathologies have been studied, stapedial disorders were seldomly explored. This papers aims to clarify how stapes fracture and some forms of stapes ankylosis, such as stapedial tendon (ST) ossification, augmented pyramidal eminence (PE) and bony bar presence, affect the sound transmission through the middle ear.

Use of scanning electron microscopy in the cochlea of guinea pigs.

Introduction: The use of electron microscopy in the study of the inner ear has allowed us to observe minute details of the hair cells, especially in ototoxicity studies; however, the preparation of this material is a difficult and delicate task. In an attempt to simplify the handling of these materials, two agents, toluidine blue and ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid were tested, in addition to the elimination of osmium tetroxide during the preparation of albino guinea pig cochleae. We also tested the applicability of these methodologies in an ototoxicity protocol.

Transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty: a case series in a university center.

Introduction: Transcanal myringoplasty has the advantages of demanding lower operative time and minimal external incisions. It can be performed using the microscopic or endoscopic approach. In the last decade, the use of endoscopes in ear surgery has increased significantly.

Expression of aquaporin 2 following facial nerve crush in rats.

Conclusion: We demonstrated an early increase in aquaporin 2 (AQP2) expression in a motor nerve (extratemporal facial nerve, FN) following acute peripheral compression (crush), concomitant to effective development of motor dysfunction (facial palsy). The early increase in AQP2 expression that occurred concomitantly with the appearance of a deficit in a peripheral motor nerve suggests that this protein is involved in the physiological events associated with post-injury edema, similar to the already demonstrated behavior of AQP4 in the central nervous system (CNS).

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the expression of AQP2 in the FN of rats up to 7 days after crush.

The extracisternal approach in vestibular schwannoma surgery and facial nerve preservation.

The classical surgical technique for the resection of vestibular schwannomas (VS) has emphasized the microsurgical anatomy of cranial nerves. We believe that the focus on preservation of the arachnoid membrane may serve as a safe guide for tumor removal. Method The extracisternal approach is described in detail.

Micro-endoscopic ear anatomy of guinea pig applied to experimental surgery.

Purpose: To describe topographic and endoscopic anatomy of guinea pig ear for development of surgical approaches in experimental studies.

Methods: Experimental study. Eight adult guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) were used in this study.

Nitric oxide levels in cochlear fluids of guinea pig.

Purpose: To describe a technique to obtain guinea pigs cochlear fluids and measure nitric oxide (NO) concentration.

Methods: Six guinea pigs were used and sacrificed. The cochlear fluids collected for measurement of NO, performed by chemiluminescence (NOA 280).

Experimental video analysis of eye blink reflex in a primate model.

Background: The establishment of reliable methods for functional assessment in experimental models of peripheral nerve regeneration is crucial.

Methods: We present a straightforward method for video analysis of the eye blink reflex in a model of facial nerve damage in a nonhuman primate (Callithrix sp.).

Experimental model of facial paralysis by nerve compression in primates (Callithrix sp.): a new model of facial paralysis in small nonhuman primates.

Conclusion: We conclude that facial nerve injury induced by compression is associated with a reasonable time window (4 weeks) that allows possible neurotrophic effects to be analyzed. Additionally, there are no hints of cross-innervation by the contralateral facial nerve or parallel innervation by other nerves in the hemiface ipsilateral to the injured nerve.

Objective: The aim of this work was to develop an experimental model of facial nerve injury in nonhuman primates (Callithrix sp.

The effectiveness of audiometric evaluation in drug treatment for otospongiosis.

Unlabelled: Otospongiosis is a primary osteodystrophy of the otic capsule that affects genetically predisposed individuals and leads to a progressive hearing loss.

Aim: To evaluate the applicability of audiometric evaluation during drug treatment for otospongiosis.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study involving 26 patients with clinical, audiometric and CT scan image of otosclerosis.

Multiprofessional committee on auditory health: COMUSA.

Created in 2007, COMUSA is a multiprofessional committee comprising speech therapy, otology, otorhinolaryngology and pediatrics with the aim of debating and countersigning auditory health actions for neonatal, lactating, preschool and school children, adolescents, adults and elderly persons. COMUSA includes representatives of the Brazilian Audiology Academy (Academia Brasileira de Audiologia or ABA), the Brazilian Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery Association (Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico Facial or ABORL), the Brazilian Phonoaudiology Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia or SBFa), the Brazilian Otology Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Otologia or SBO), and the Brazilian Pediatrics Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria or SBP).

Elderly falls associated with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Unlabelled: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) can cause falls, especially in the elderly.

Aim: to study whether or not elderly patients with BPPV have a reduction on their falls after the particle repositioning maneuver (PRM).

Materials And Methods: retrospective study including elderly with BPPV who had fall(s) during the last year.

The action of topical basic fibroblast growth factor in facial nerve regeneration.

Objective: To analyze the influence of the topical use of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the regeneration of the facial nerve in rats.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar adult male rats underwent complete section of the facial nerve trunk, followed by end-to-end anastomosis with epineural sutures.

Sensory organization test in elderly patients with and without vestibular dysfunction.

Conclusions: Elderly subjects without vestibular dysfunction had an overall worse performance as compared with the group of normal adults, confirming that age has a negative impact on balance. The group of elderly subjects with vestibular dysfunction had more important balance alterations than those without, confirming that vestibular dysfunction has a major impact on balance control in the elderly. The visual and vestibular systems presented more important functional changes with ageing than the somatosensory system.

The use of Maytenus ilicifolia to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Unlabelled: Maytenus ilicifolia is a native plant from South America, with several medicinal properties including antioxidant effects.

Aim: using an original cisplatin induced ototoxicity model, we evaluated a possible otoprotection caused by Maytenus ilicifolia extract.

Materials And Methods: clinical and experimental study design with female albino guinea pigs divided in groups as follows: 9 animals receiving cisplatin only (three doses of 7.

Influence of cyclic AMP on facial nerve regeneration in rats.

Unlabelled: Promoting facial nerve regeneration is a significant challenge.

Aim: To evaluate the possible neurotrophic influence of cyclic AMP on facial nerve regeneration of Wistar rats.

Method: The right facial nerve of thirty-two animals were completely transected and immediately sutured, followed by exposure or not to topical cyclic AMP.

Presentation, treatment, and clinical course of otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis.

Conclusions: Otogenic lateral sinus thrombosis (OLST) is almost always associated with other complications of chronic otitis media (COM) and did not present a distinct clinical expression. In our experience, OLST exhibits a benign course if the underlying disease is controlled. Mastoidectomy in combination with broad-spectrum antibiotics provided effective treatment.